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1.distinctadj.清晰的；明显的；明确的习惯用语：bedistinctfrom…in…在某方面与……不同阅读与写作不同.Readingisdistinctfromwriting.他与他父亲在性格方面不同。Heisdistinctfromhisfatherincharacter.distinctionn.差别；分别；卓著短语：makeadistinctionbetween对……加以区别withoutdistinction无差别地，一视同仁地Weshouldmakeadistinctionbetweenrightandwrong.我们应该分清是非。Customersaretreatedwithoutdistinctionofsexandage.顾客不分男女老幼,一视同仁地对待.2.liveon①继续存在；继续生存②靠……生活①继续存在；继续生存Aftertheearthquake,theoldcoupleliveonwiththeirgrandsons.地震后，这对老夫妇和他们的孙子继续活下去。②靠……生活Smallbirdsinsects.小鸟主要靠食昆虫为生live短语:livefor为……而活着liveupto实现livewith忍受，和…住在一起livemainlyon3.means手段；方法bymeansof…用……方法；借助……=byusing单数和复数的形式相同那个囚犯从秘密通道逃走了。Theprisonerescapedbymeansofasecrettunnel.思想可以凭借音乐的形式来表现。Thoughtscanbeexpressedbymeansofmusic.means:Allpossiblemeansbeentried.Everypossiblemeansbeentried.Thequickestmeansoftravelbyair.Wecansucceed______________(通过)hardwork.Youcangetthere____________________(乘坐多种交通工具).bymeansofbymanymeansoftransporthavehasismeans短语：byeverymeans用一切办法byallmeans不惜一切地byanymeans无论如何bythismeans用这种方法bynomeans决不；一点也不=notabit放句首要部分倒装你今天绝不能提前回家。Bynomeanscanyougohomeaheadoftimetoday.Bynomeans____giveintotheterriblecircumstancesatthattimealthoughfacedwithgreatdifficulty.A.theywillB.willtheyC.theywouldD.wouldtheyHisshakinghishead___thathedidn’tagreetotheplanatthemeetingyesterday.A.meantB.meansC.meaningD.mean√√means;way;method;approachmeans方法、手段、工具，单复数同形，多和介词by搭配。way方法，普通用语。可用于任何处理事物的方式。多于介词in搭配。method方法，理论，指合乎逻辑或系统的方法。多和介词with搭配。e.g.：teachingmethod教学方法approach+to（介词）Only___thismethodcanyougetmuchbenefitfromitwhenreading.A.inB.onC.withD.byWelookforwardtothedaywhenthemotorcarhasbeenreplacedbysomelessdangerous______oftransport.A.meansB.methodsC.waysD.manners√√meansoftransport“交通方式”，means常跟介词by搭配。4.the/amajority(of)大多数、大部分The/Amajorityofthedamagehasbeencaused.The/Amajorityofstudentswere/wasagainstthepolicy.Themajorityis/arealwaysabletoimpose(强加）its/theirwillontheminority.majorityn.大多数…Themajority____________forthebudget.Themajorityofstudents________hard-working.Themajorityofthedamage_______easytorepair.单独做主语时，若强调整体，谓语动词用单数，强调个体时，谓语动词用复数。minority少数……was/wereare/isisbein(the/a)majority占多数、过半数1).Thosewhoarefortheproposal_______.A.inthemajorityB.arethemajorityC.areinthemajorityD.isinthemajority2).Thenumberofstudentsinourclass___63andthemajorityofthem___cleverandworkhard.A.are;isB.are;areC.is;are3)Youngpeoplewereinthemajorityatthemeeting.(Translate)√√makealife习惯于新的生活方式、工作等Theoldworkeroutofworkmakesalifebycollectingwinebottles.这位失业的老工人依靠收酒瓶子为生。短语:bringtolife使恢复知觉cometolife变得活跃；变得兴奋Hissonsenthimane-mailsayinghowhe____inAustralia.A.hasmadealifeB.makesC.madeD.wasmakingalife√5.6.despiteprep.尽管；不管inspiteof______theheavyrain,theywerestillsearchingforthelostplane.A.AlthoughB.ThoughC.DespiteD.As√7.elect1.表示“选举”，主要指选举某人担任某职位。若所涉及的职位只有一个（即独一无二），则通常不用冠词。如：我们选他当主席。正：Weelectedhim(as)chairman.正：Weelectedhim(tobe)chairman.正：Weelectedhim(our)chairman.正：Weelectedhim(asour)chairman.2.electtodosth表示决定做某事。如：Heelectedtogoabroad.他决定出国。Heelectedtobecomealawyer.他决定当律师。percentagen.百分比；百分率apercentageof后接名词时，其后面谓语动词的单复数要与所接名词相符合。Whatpercentageoftheearthiscoveredbyoceans?Whatpercentageofthestudentswereabsent?thepercentageof…某事物的百分比，作为数字，谓语动词用单数形式。Thepercentageofthestudentsis46.keepkeepup坚持；维持；沿袭（风俗、传统等）Weaskedhertostoptalking,butshekeptup.我们请她别再说话了，但她依旧说下去。Ithinkyoushouldkeepupyourcourage.我认为你应该鼓足勇气。Keep短语keepaway使离开keepback阻止，阻挡keepdown控制，压制keepinwith不断讨好keepoff避开；不接近keepout关在门外；不准入内keepupwith跟上；不落后；赶上完成句子：Ifthisrain_______(继续)thegardenwillberuined.Hesuccessfullytriedto___________(赶上)hisclassmates.Thesurvivingsailorsmanagedto________(坚持)untilthelifeboatcame.keepsupkeepupwithkeepupboomn.（人口、贸易的）繁荣e.g.babyboom婴儿潮；生育高峰boominsth.在某方面繁荣aboomincarsales汽车销售额的剧增vi.处于经济迅速发展时期Businessisbooming!生意兴隆！occurvi.发生；出现常用结构：sth.occurtosb.(主意或想法突然)浮现于脑中；被想起，被想到itoccurstosb.todosth.使人想到干某事itoccurstosb.that...某人想到……【联想拓展】sth.strikessb.sth.comestosb.itoccurstosb.that...itstrikessb.that...ithitssb.that...某人突然想起（主语不能是人，用所想到的事情或it作形式主语）大部分主语从句都可以用it作形式主语，特别是当主句的谓语动词是appear,turnout,happen,occur,come,strike,follow,matter等词或短语时，一般用it作形式主语，借助主语从句来表达意思。takein包括；吸收；理解；欺骗【联想拓展】takedown拿下，取下；拆卸；记下takeback取回，带回；收回说过的话；使……回忆起昔日takeup开始从事；占用(时间或空间)；着手处理takeover继承;接收，接管takeoff脱下(衣服等)；起飞takeon承担，从事；呈现takeone’splace入座；代替某人的位置takeone’stime不急，慢慢干“许多，大量”修饰可数名词agreatmanymanymanya(n)alargenumberof(1)agreat/goodmany+名词复数，中间无“of”。Agreatmanypeoplehaveseenthefilm.(2)agreat/goodmany+of+the/these/those/one‘s+名词复数Agreatmanyofthepeoplehaveseenthefilm.1)修饰可数名词：agreatmany,many,agoodmany,a(large,great)numberof,(manya)2)修饰不可数名词：much,agreat/gooddealof,agreatamountof3)修饰可数或不可数名词:alotof,lotsof,plentyof,alarge/greatquantityof（谓语视名词特性而定）,quantitiesof（谓语用复数）,plentyofnowhere放在句首，该句应使用倒装结构。Nowhereisthereaplaceforhimtosettledown.类似的副词还有hardlyscarcely,nosooner,seldom,never,little等。Nowhereelseinsuchasmalltown,Ithink_____abookasgoodasthisone.A.yougetB.youcangetC.canyougetD.youwillgetCNowhereelse,ashismothertoldus,_____exceptthecabininthebackyard.A.didhegoB.hedidgoC.wentheD.hewentA