限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句 unit 5 语法点

定语从句限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句①限制性定语从句对先行词起限制、确定的作用，是先行词不可缺少的定语，如果省去，主句的意思就会不完整，不明确或不合逻辑。这种定语从句和主句之间不能用逗号隔开。______________________________________Themanwhocamehereyesterdayhascomeagain.关系副词when和why用于引导限制性定语从句时，在口语和非正式文体中可以省去，但是where通常不可以省去。如：a.Besuretocallonusnexttime(when)youcometotown.b.Thisisoneofthereasons(why)youmayliketoeatit.②非限制性定语从句和先行词关系松散，只是对先行词作附加说明，如果省去，主句的意思仍然完整或清楚。这种定语从句和主句之间须用逗号隔开。如：a.AbrahamLincoln,wholedtheUnitedStatesthroughtheseyears,wasmurderedonApril14,1865.b.Hesentaspecialgovernor,amannamedGessler,whowouldrulewithafirmhand._____________________________c.Helivesinanothertown,whichisonlyaboutanhour’sridefromhere.d.Soontheyarrivedatafarmhouse,infrontofwhichsatasmallboy.e.Theysetupaseparatestateoftheirown,wheretheywouldbefreetokeepNegroesasslaves.注意：引导非限制性定语从句的关系代词不可用that，指人时用who(主语),whom(宾语)，指物时须用which.限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句形式上不用逗号“，”与主句隔开。用逗号“，”与主句隔开。意义上是先行词不可缺少的定语，如删除，主句则失去意义或意思表达不完整。只是对先行词的补充说明，如删除，主句仍能表达完整的意思。译法上译成先行词的定语：“．．．的”通常译成主句的并列句。关系词的使用上A．作宾语时可省略B．可用thatC．可用who代替whomA．不可省略B．不用thatC．不可用who代替whomPracticeA请区分出下列句子哪些是限制性定语从句，那些是非限制性定语从句：1.TheteachertoldmethatTomwastheonlypersonthatIcoulddependon.2.Hismother,wholoveshimverymuch,isstrictwithhim.3.Chinaisacountrywhichhasalonghistory.4.China,whichwasfoundedin1949,isbecomingmoreandmorepowerful.PracticeB区分下列几组句子的不同含义：1.Herbrotherwhoisnowasoldieralwaysencourageshertogotocollege.Herbrother,whoisnowasoldier,alwaysencourageshertogotocollege.她那当兵的哥哥总是鼓励她上大学。（意含：她还有其他哥哥。）她哥哥是当兵的，他总是鼓励她上大学。（意含：她只有一个哥哥。）•.Allthebooksthathavepicturesinthemarewellwritten.•Allthebooks,whichhavepicturesinthem,arewellwritten.所有里面带插图的书都写得很好。（意含：不带插图的书则不一定写得好。）所有的书都带插图，这些书都写得很好。（意含：没有不带插图的书。）ExercisesA1、All______isusefultousisgood.A、whichB、whatC、thatD、whetherC解析：定语从句中的先行词为all,none等词时，关系代词必须用that,而不是which.故选C。2、Isthisfactory____wevisitedlastweek.A、whereB、thatC、whichD、theoneD解析：thisfactory容易被学生错误地混为先行词，其实这是Thisfactory是句子的主语而不是先行词。所以选择D.Theone中的one指代的是factory,作定语从句的先行词。4、Thisistheschool_______myfatherworked20yearsago.A、thatB、whenC、whichD、whereD解析：题中的theschool是定语从句的先行词。in+which=where,因此选D.试比较：Thisschoolis____myfatherworked20yearsago.A.whereB.theonewhereC.thatD.theonewhichB3、Shewillneverforgettheday_____shespentinBeijing.A、whenB、whatC、whichD、whyC解析：theday是定语从句的先行词，shespentinBeijing中的动词spent是个及物动词，后接宾语，theday作动词spent的宾语。因此选C.5、Thisisthefactory_______wevisitedlastyear.A、thatB、inwhichC、whatD、theoneA解析：thefactory是定语从句的先行词,用作宾语；从句wevisitedlastyear中visit是个及物动词，后接宾语，因此选A.6、Thetextisoneofthemostinterestingstories_______learntinthepastthreedays.A、thathaveB、thathavebeenC、whichhasD、whichhasbeenB解析：stories是定语从句的先行词,同时stories被最高级所修饰，因此选B.1、Thecollegewon’ttakeanyone_____eyesightisweak.A、whoB、whoseC、ofwhomD、whichBExercisesB1、Letmethinkofapropersituation_______thissentencecanbeused.A、whereB、thatC、ofwhomD、whichA2、Theman_______youaretalkingisinthenextroom.A、towhomB、aboutwhomC、aboutwhoD、whomB3、Idon’tliketheway_____hespoketome.A、bythatB、whatC、bywhichD、/D4、I，______yougoodfriend,willtrymybesttohelpyouout.A、whoisB、whatisC、whatamD、whoamD5、Thisistheonlything_____Icandonow.A、whatB、whichC、thatD、allC6、Those_____totakepartinthegamewritedownyournames.A、whoB、whowantC、whatwantsD、wantB7、Hiswalkingstick,____hecan’twalk,waslostyesterday.A、thatB、withwhichC、whichD、withoutwhichD8、Theyhavedecidedtofinishtheirwork,______,Ithinkisawisechoice.A、thatB、whatC、whichD、whetherC9、Thisisthereason______hetoldme.A、thatB、whyC、onwhichD、forthatA10、Thisisthelastfactory___heusedtoworkat,manyworkersof_____stillhaveagoodrelationshipwithhim.A、that;itB、which;whomC、that;whichD、which;thatC11、Therearethreelibrariesinourschool,_______werebuiltfiveyearsago.A、allofthemB、eitherofthemC、allofwhichD、bothofthatC12、Hetoldmethereason_____hedidn’tcomehere.A、whichB、thatC、whyD、whatC13、Whichofthetwocows______youkeepproducesmoremilk?A、whichB、thatC、whatD、asB