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常考的“动词+宾语+宾补”结构•一、“make+宾语+宾补”的用法“make+宾语+宾补”这一结构中，宾语补足语可以由名词、形容词、过去分词、不定式等来充当，•(1)我的老师有一种奇妙的方法使他的课生动有趣。•Myteacherhasastrangewaytomakehisclasseslivelyandinteresting.（形容词作宾补）•(2)他们让我复述故事。•Theymademerepeatthestory.（省to的动词不定式）•(3)他提高声音让他人听到他的声音。•Heraisedhisvoicetomakehimselfheard.(过去分词作宾补)•注：“make+宾语+宾补”结构中不用现在分词充当宾补。(4)Wemadehimmonitorofourclass.（名词作宾补）注：职务名词充当宾补时其前面不要加冠词。【试题链接】•1.Heisverypopularamonghisstudentsashealwaystriestomakethem_____inhislectures.A．interestedB．interesting•C．interestD．tointerest2.Myparentshavealwaysmademe_____aboutmyself,evenwhenIwastwelve.A．feelingwellB．feelinggoodC．feelwellD．feelgoodAD•1.Nothingwillmakeme________(change)mymind.•2.Canyoumakeyourself____(understand)inEnglish?•3.Theteachermakesit________(know)thattherewillbeatestnextweek.changeunderstoodknown二、“with+宾语+宾补”的用法•with+n./pron.+doing•+n./pron.+done•+n./pron.+todo•(宾语与宾补主动关系,表示动作在进行)•(宾语与宾补被动关系,表示动作完成)•有某事要做(时间表将来,动作由主语完成)•1)随着时间的流逝，他妈妈的头发变白了。•Withthetimegoingby,hismother’shairturnedwhite.•WithsomanypeoplecommunicatinginEnglisheveryday,itwillbecomemoreandmoreimportanttohaveagoodknowledgeofEnglish.(宾语somanypeople与communicate是主动关系，因此用现在分词作宾补)•(2)由于他需要的每样东西要买，他走进商店。•Witheverythingheneededtobuy,hewentintothestore.(不定式作宾补表示将来的含义)•(3)由于他需要的每样东西都买了他离开了商店。•Witheverythingheneededbought,heleftthestore.(过去分词作宾补表被动表完成)•5)Withnothingtodo,Iwentoutforawalk.(不定式作宾补)•(6)我父亲喜欢开着窗睡着。•Myfatherlikestosleepwiththewindowopen.•Iwentoutwiththewindowopen.(形容词作宾补)另外，“with+宾语+宾补”结构中还可由介词短语、副词短语来充当宾补，如：(1)Shesaidgood-byewithtearsinhereyes.(2)Helefttheroomwiththelightstillon.•【试题链接】1.----Comeon,pleasegivemesomeideasabouttheproject.----Sorry.Withsomuchwork______mymind,Ialmostbreakdown.A．filledB．fillingC．tofillD．beingfilled2.Johnreceivedaninvitationtodinner,andwithhiswork______hegladlyacceptedit.A．finishedB．finishingC．havingfinishedD．wasfinished3.Icouldn’tdomyhomeworkwithallthenoise______.A．goingonB．goesonC．wentonD．togoonBAA•4.Withlotsofproblems________(settle),thenewlyelectedpresidentwillhaveahardtime.•A.settledB.settlingC.tosettleD.beingsettledC三.have用法•havesb.dosth.使/让/叫某人干某事(宾语与宾补主动关系)•havesb./sth.doingsth.①使/让某人/物持续地做某事(宾语与宾补主动关系,表示动作在进行);•②在否定句中,表示“不容忍,不允许”。•havesth.done①使/让某事由别人去做(宾语与宾补被动关系);②使遭受……•1.I’llhave/getmybikerepairedtomorrow.•我明天得(请人)修一下我的自行车。•2.Tomhadhislegbrokenwhileplayingfootball.•汤姆踢足球时,伤了腿。•3.Theyhadthelightburningallnightlong.•他们把灯亮了一整夜。•4.Wewon’thavesuchthingshappeningagain.•我们不容忍此类事情再次发生。•have表示“有……要做”,不定式在句中作定语。•havesth.todo有某事要做(动作由主语完成)•sth.tobedone有某事要做(动作非主语完成)•5..妈妈有很多事要做,所以她让我去购物•Mumhadlotsofworktodo,soshehadmegoshopping。•6.我明天要去南京,你有东西要带给你儿子吗?•I’llgotoNanjingtomorrow.Doyouhaveanythingtobetakentoyourson?四.Get用法•getsb.todosth.=havesb.dosth.•使/让/叫某人干某事(宾语与宾补主动关系)•getsb./sth.doing•使某人/•getsth.done=havesth.done•使/让某事由别人去做(宾语与宾补被动关系);注意无“havesth.done”句型的“使……”之意。•1.汤姆让姐姐帮他做家庭作业.•Tomgothissistertohelphimwithhishomework.•2.车坏了,你能使车再走起来吗?•—Thecarbrokedown.Canyougetitgoingagain?•抱歉,我想我们必须送去修一下。•—Sorry.Ithinkwe’llhavetogetitrepaired.五.Keep用法•keepsb.doingsth.让某人继续在做某事(宾语与宾补主动关系,表示动作在进行)•keepsth.done让某事完成(宾语与宾补被动关系,表示动作完成)•Keep+sth+adj•注意:keepsb.fromdoingsth.=prevent/stopsb.(from)doingsth.意为阻止某人做某事;特别强调的是在“keepsb.fromdoingsth.”句型中from不可省略。•1.Shekeptme________(wait)forhalfanhour.•2.You’dbetterkeepyoureyes________(open)andyourmouth________(close).•3.Somethinghasbeendonetokeepthewaterfrom________(pollute).waitingopenclosedbeingpolluted•六.find+宾语+宾补”这一结构中的宾语补足语可以由现在分词、过去分词、名词、形容词、副词、介词短语以及不定式tobe等来充当•1)Youwillfinditaverydifficultbook.•(2)Whenhecametohimself,hefoundhimselfsurroundedbyagroupofboys.•(3)Ihopetofindyouinbetterspiritswhenwemeetagain.4)IfindtheChinesepeopletobehappyandcheerful.•5)Onthewayhome,Ifoundanoldmanknockeddownbyacarandlyingontheground.•6)Ifoundhimweak.•注意：find+宾语+宾补这一结构中通常不使用动词原形来充当宾语补足语，即没有“find+宾语+动词原形”这样的结构。•【试题链接】Acookwillbeimmediatelyfiredifheisfound____inthekitchen.(03全国卷)A．smokeB．smokingC．tosmokeD．smokedB七.leave后接过去分词、现在分词、形容词、介词的复合结构等来充当•1.leavesth/sbdone，常用来表示宾语所处的状态或表示动作已经完成。(1)Hegotupslowlyleavingthelunchunfinished.△可用于被动语态：•Thequestioncanbeleftunanswered.•2.leavesb/sthdoing,常用来表示使某人或某物一直做某事：(1)不要让她在外面雨中等着。•Don’tleaveherwaitingoutsideintherain.•△被动语态：•Shewasleftwaitingoutsideintherain.•(2)他们一同离开了,留下我独自坐在那里。•Theywentofftogetherandleftmesittingthere.•.•3.leave+宾语+宾补（adj.）：•(1)你最好让窗户开着。•You’dbetterleavethewindowopen.•△被动语态：•Thewindowwasleftopen•(2)他的病使他虚弱。•Hisillnesshaslefthimweak.•.•4.leave+宾语+宾补（介短）•(1)把他留在家里。•Leavehimathome.•【试题链接】Agoodstorydoesnotnecessarilyhavetohaveahappyending,butthereadermustnotbeleft______.A．unsatisfiedB．unsatisfyingC．tobeunsatisfyingD．beingunsatisfied•答案：A•好故事不必一定有圆满结局,但一定不能让读者不满意.•过去分词,这里也可以看成是一个形容词,另一种解释unsatisfied,过去分词指人.unsatisfying现在分词指物:令人满意的东西.八:sb.bebesaid/believed/known/reported/announced/thought等+todo+tobedoing+tohavedone”。.•不定式的一般式(不定式所表示的动作,通常与主要谓语所表示的动作或状态同时或在它之后发生)、不定式的进行式(主要谓语表示的动作发生时,不定式表示的动作正在进行)及不定式的完成式(不定式所表示的动作在主要谓语所表示的动作或状态之前发生)。•1.—IsBobstillperforming?•—I’mafraidnot.Heissaid________thestagealreadyashehasbecomeanofficial.•A.tohaveleftB.toleaveC.tohavebeenleftD.tobelef