RV减速器综合性能实验与仿真ExperimentandSimulationontheIntegratedPerformanceofRVReducer学科专业:机械工程作者姓名:朱临宇指导教师:杨玉虎教授企业导师:刘思厚高级工程师天津大学机械工程学院二○一三年十二月I独创性声明本人声明所呈交的学位论文是本人在导师指导下进行的研究工作和取得的研究成果,除了文中特别加以标注和致谢之处外,论文中不包含其他人已经发表或撰写过的研究成果,也不包含为获得天津大学或其他教育机构的学位或证书而使用过的材料。与我一同工作的同志对本研究所做的任何贡献均已在论文中作了明确的说明并表示了谢意。学位论文作者签名:签字日期:年月日学位论文版权使用授权书本学位论文作者完全了解天津大学有关保留、使用学位论文的规定。特授权天津大学可以将学位论文的全部或部分内容编入有关数据库进行检索,并采用影印、缩印或扫描等复制手段保存、汇编以供查阅和借阅。同意学校向国家有关部门或机构送交论文的复印件和磁盘。(保密的学位论文在解密后适用本授权说明)学位论文作者签名:导师签名:签字日期:年月日签字日期:年月日I摘要本文以广泛应用于工业机器人关节的RV减速器为对象,针对其大速比、结构紧凑、高承载/精度/刚度/效率等特点,对该减速器的各项性能参数进行了实验测试与仿真。全文的主要工作和研究成果如下:(1)以某型号RV减速器为对象,针对其结构特点,在ANSYS环境下构建其计及轴承刚度、轮齿的啮合刚度、及各构件弹性的有限元模型,分析得出对应曲柄轴自转一周中整机扭转刚度的变化规律,经与实验结果比较验证该模型的有效性与计算精度。在此基础上,应用该模型进一步分析了轴承刚度和摆线轮与针齿的啮合刚度变化对整机扭转刚度的影响规律。(2)设计并搭建了刚度实验测试系统,分别以国内和国外同等规格的两台RV减速器工程样机为对象,测试并分析了样机在曲柄轴自转一周中的整机扭转刚度和空程误差。实验结果表明,扭转刚度与空程误差随曲柄轴位置呈周期性变化。经与仿真结果比较,验证了仿真模型的正确性,同时也验证了该测试系统具有较高的精度。实验结果可为RV减速器的扭转刚度特性研究提供依据。(3)设计并搭建了误差测试系统,分别测量了国内和国外两台同等规格RV减速器样机在输出轴回转一周过程中的回转传动误差,并结合实验结果分析了该减速器的误差变化规律。实验结果较系统地反映了该减速器的误差特性,为其误差分析与建模研究提供了实验依据。(4)为检测RV减速器的机械传动效率,搭建整机传动效率实验台,采用磁粉制动器加载的方式,分别测试了两台国产样机在不同负载条件下的机械传动效率,并结合实验数据分析该类减速器传动效率的变化特性,为改进该类减速器的设计提供实验指导。本文的研究成果对RV减速器整机有限元仿真,以及扭转刚度、空程误差、回转传动误差、效率等综合性能参数的实验测试提供了一种方法上的借鉴。关键词:RV减速器,有限元分析,实验,扭转刚度,空程误差,回转传动误差,传动效率IIABSTRACTRVreducerwhichiswidelyusedinthejointofindustrialrobotisinvestigatedinthisdissertation.TheexperimentandsimulationontheintegratedperformancearedevelopedbasedonthecharactersofRVreducerthathaslargeratio,compactstructure,highload/precision/stiffness/efficiency.Themaincontentsareasfollows:(1)TheFEAmodelofcertaintypeofRVreducerisestablishedconsideringbearingstiffness,meshingstiffnessofgears,elasticityofcomponentsbasedonthestructuralfeaturesofRVreducerontheplatformofANSYS.Thevariationoftorsionalstiffness,whichisgeneratedinaperiodofrotationofthecrankshaft,iscomparedwiththeexperimentinordertocertifythevalidityandcomputationalaccuracyofthemodel.Furthermore,theeffectofbearingstiffnessandthematingtoothnumberbetweencycloidgearandpinsisanalyzedbyapplyingthisFEAmodel.(2)DesignandbuildthetestingsystemonstiffnessofdomesticandforeignRVreducerswiththesametype.Torsionalstiffnessandbacklasherrorismeasuredandanalyzedduringaperiodofrotationofthecrankshaft.Experimentalresultsindicatethatthetorsionalstiffnessandbacklasherrorarechangedperiodicallyalongwiththedifferentlocationsofthecrankshaft.Theexperimentcannotonlyverifythevalidityofthesimulationmodel,butalsoprovesthatthetestingsystemhashighprecision.Theexperimentalresultscanprovideexperimentalbasisforresearchingthecharacteristicsoftorsionalstiffness.(3)DesignandbuildthetestingsystemonerrorofRVreducerthatproducedindomesticandforeignwiththesametype.Rotationaltransmissionerrorismeasuredduringaperiodofrotationofthecrankshaft.Theexperimentaldatasystematicallyreflectsthefeaturesoftherotationaltransmissionerror,andprovidesexperimentalbasisforanalysisandmodelingoferroronRVreducer.(4)DesignandbuildthetestingtableontransmissionefficiencyofRVreducer.ThetransmissionefficiencyofdomesticprototypesundervariousloadconditionscanIIIbemeasuredbyapplyingthemagneticpowderbrake.AnalysisonthetrendofefficiencycanprovideexperimentalguidanceforimprovingthedesignofRVreducer.Theresearchinthisdissertationcanberesourcefulinfiniteelementsimulation,experimentontheintegratedperformanceparameterssuchastorsionalstiffness,backlasherror,rotationaltransmissionerrorandtransmissionefficiency.KEYWORDS:RVreducer,FEA,Experiment,Torsionalstiffness,Backlasherror,Rotationaltransmissionerror,TransmissionefficiencyIV目录摘要.....................................................................................................I ABSTRACT..............................................................................................II 目录..................................................................................................IV 第一章绪论..........................................................................................1 1.1 课题研究背景及意义....................................................................................1 1.2 国内外研究现状............................................................................................3 1.2.1扭转刚度.............................................................................................3 1.2.2回转传动精度.....................................................................................3 1.2.3机械传动综合性能实验台.................................................................4 1.3 本文主要研究内容........................................................................................6 第二章RV减速器整机扭转刚度仿真分析............................................7 2.1引言................................................................................................................7 2.2拓扑结构与几何建模....................................................................................7 2.3整机扭转刚度有限元建模............................................................................8 2.3.1扭转刚度.............................................................................................9 2.3.2轴承刚度....................