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1Casagras-FinalReportCoordinationAndSupportActionforGlobalRFID-relatedActivitiesandStandardisationEUProjectNumber216803CASAGRASwillprovideaframeworkoffoundationstudiestoassisttheEuropeanCommissionandtheglobalcommunityindefiningandaccommodatinginternationalissuesanddevelopmentsconcerningradiofrequencyidentification(RFID)withparticularreferencetotheemerging‘InternetofThings’.andtheInclusiveModelfortheInternetofThingsFinalReport2Casagras-FinalReportIanGSmithProf.Dr.AnthonyFurnessProf.Dr.KenSakamuraRickyMaEldorWalkCraigHarmonPatrickGuilleminYong-WoonKimPaulChartierDavidArmstrongTheCASAGRASPARTNERSHIPCASAGRAS(GrantAgreement216803)isaCoordinationandSupportActionforGlobalRFID-relatedStandardisationActivitiesinvolving,inparticular,organisationsfromChina,Japan,KoreaandtheUSA.AIMUK-IanSmith,Co-ordinator,PresidentofAIMUKYRP,UbiquitousNetworkingLaboratory,Japan-Professor.Dr.KenSakamuraAIDC,UK-Professor/AnthonyFurness,TechnicalCo-ordinatorSupplyChainInnovationCentre,HongKongScienceandTechnologyParksCorporation,China-RickyMaETRI,ElectronicsandTelecommunicationInstitute,Korea-Yong-WoonKimFEIGElectronicgmbh,Germany-EldorWalkQEDSystems,USA-CraigHarmonPraxisConsultants-PaulChartierETSI,EuropeanTelecommunicationsStandardsInstitute,France-PatrickGuilleminRFIPLtd-DavidArmstrongThepartnersextendtheirsincereappreciationtomembersoftheExtendedExpertsGroupwhohaveadvisedonvariousaspectsoftheCASAGRASProject,toourProjectOfficerattheEUandhiscolleagues,andtheProjectEvaluators.3Casagras-FinalReport1234ContentsIntroductionBackground81.1.EUProactivePositioning1.2.DefiningtheInternetofThings1.3.QualifyingtheCASAGRASDefinition1.4.InternationalCooperation1.5.MotivationforCASAGRASTheCASAGRASFramework162.1.CASAGRASInclusiveModelfortheInternetofThings2.2.ExploitingEdgeTechnologies–AutomaticIdentificationandDataCapture2.3.NaturalFeatureIdentificationintheInternetofThings2.4.ImportantDevelopmentalInfluencesupontheInternetofThings2.5.MigrationtoanInclusiveModelfortheInternetofThingsCASAGRASFindings243.1.InterfacingwiththePhysicalWorld3.2.CommunicationsandNetworking3.3.UsingIdentifierstoLinkwiththeInternetofThings3.4.RealisingtheInternetofThingswithRegulationsusingStandards3.5.Standardsandregulations3.6.PrivacyandSecurity3.7.Applicationsandservicesframework3.8.GovernanceCASAGRASRecommendations754.1.RecommendationsforEUgoals4.2.RecommendationsforEUPlanofActionAnnexA80AnnexB83AnnexC84IntroductionCASAGRAS(CoordinationandSupportActionforGlobalRFID-relatedActivitiesandStandardisation)isaEuropeanFramework7project.Itsremithasbeentoconsidertheinternationaldimensionsconcerningregulations,standardisationandotherrequirementsforrealisingtheconceptknownastheInternetofThings,andtherolewithinitofradiofrequencyidentification(RFID).The‘InternetofThings’isaconceptthatreceivesconsiderableandsignificantconsiderationandsupportwithintheEuropeanCommission(EC)withrespecttostrategicdevelopmentsinEuropeforinformationandcommunicationstechnology(ICT)andtheInformationSociety.TheCommissioner,VivianeRedinginherspeechtotheFutureoftheInternetinitiativeoftheLisbonCouncilidentifiedtheInternetofThings(IoT)asanimportantdriverfortheInternetofthefuture.TheIoThasbeenthefocusofthreepresidentialconferencesaddressingthesubjectinrelationtoradiofrequencyidentification(RFID).Itisseenasoneofthepillarssupportingthefuturenetworkedsocietyandstructuredonafoundationoffuturenetworkinfrastructure.AnECcommunicationtotheEuropeanParliament,theCouncil,theEuropeanEconomicandSocialCommitteeandtheCommitteeoftheRegions,entitled“InternetofThings–AnActionPlanforEurope”wasadoptedon18thJune2009andreinforcesthecommitmenttotheconceptanditsimportanceforEurope,quotinginitsconclusions:Thatthe“InternetofThings(IoT)isnotyetatangiblereality,butratheraprospectivevisionofanumberoftechnologiesthat,combinedtogether,couldinthecoming5to15yearsdrasticallymodifythewayoursocietiesfunction.Byadoptingaproactiveapproach,EuropecouldplayaleadingroleinshapinghowIoTworksandreaptheassociatedbenefitsintermsofeconomicgrowthandindividualwell-being,thusmakingtheInternetofthingsanInternetofthingsforpeople.”DespitethealreadysubstantialinvestmentinEUframeworkprojectsdirectedtounderpintheconceptofthe'InternetofThings'thereappearstobelittleawarenessofthesubjectanditspotentialwithinthebusinessandindustrialcommunities,inrespectivememberstatesandindeedtherestoftheworld.AsstatedintheECcommunicationreferencedabovethe'InternetofThings'isnotyetatangiblereality,buttechnologyexpertsbelievethat,giventheresourceandattentionnowbeingexpressedthroughEuropeaninitiativesandelsewherearoundtheworld,4Casagras-FinalReportReding,V(2009),Internetofthefuture:Europemustbeakeyplayer,SpeechtotheFutureoftheInternetinitiativeoftheLisbonCouncil,Brussels,2ndFebruary2009.FutureInternetAssembly(FIA)(InternetOfThings)clusterofFIA:://eurlex.europa.eu/en/index.htmassoonaspublishedintheofficial