1国学经典shēng声lǜ律qǐ启ménɡ蒙(上卷)赵希平编校红圈制作二〇一七年六月前言《声律启蒙》是训练儿童应对,掌握声韵格律的启蒙读物。按韵分编,包罗天文、地理、花木、鸟兽、人物、器物等的虚实应对。从单字对到双字对,三字对、五字对、七字对到十一字对,声韵协调,琅琅上口,从中得到语音、词汇、修辞的训练。从单字到多字的层层属对,读起来,如唱歌般。较之其它全用三言、四言句式更见韵味。这类读物,在启蒙读物中独具一格,经久不衰。明清以来,如《训蒙骈句》、《笠翁对韵》等书,都是采用这种方式编写,并得以广泛流传。诗词和对联是中国古代重要的文学形式,两千多年来一直薪火相传,至今仍具有强大的生命力。在古代,自私塾的幼童起,就开始这种文学修养的训练,对声调、音律、格律等都有严格的要求。因此,一些声律方面的著作也应运而生,而其中清朝康熙年间车万育所作的《声律启蒙》,则是其中较有代表性的一种。如今我们使用的,是清代光绪癸未年间(公元1883年)成都魏朝俊“墨耕堂”私藏的版本,其封面题名为《声律启蒙》,内页所载名为《声律启蒙撮要》,作者题名为“衡山聂铣敏蓉峰重订、邵陵车万育双亭著、湘潭夏大观枫江笺”。此书既名为“撮要”,自然只会节录撮取《声律启蒙》中他们认为最为重要的部分,它分为上、下两卷,只有平声30个韵部(即绝大部分格律诗所用的韵部),很明显,这是撮取了祝明撰写的前两卷,并以它为基础,进行了一些作者认为是必要的删改和修订而成的。——摘自《百度百科》第一页yì一dōng东(上)yún云duì对yǔ雨,xuě雪duì对fēng风,wǎn晚zhào照duì对qíng晴kōng空。lái来hóng鸿duì对qù去yàn燕,sù宿niǎo鸟duì对míng鸣chóng虫。sān三chǐ尺jiàn剑,liù六jūn钧gōng弓,lǐng岭běi北duì对jiāng江dōng东。rén人jiān间qīng清shǔ暑diàn殿,tiān天shàng上guǎng广hán寒gōng宫。liǎng两àn岸xiǎo晓yān烟yáng杨liǔ柳lǜ绿,yì一yuán园chūn春yǔ雨xìng杏huā花hóng红。liǎng两bìn鬓fēng风shuāng霜,tú途cì次zǎo早xíng行zhī之kè客;yì一suō蓑yān烟yǔ雨,xī溪biān边wǎn晚diào钓zhī之wēng翁。第二页yì一dōng东(中)yán沿duì对gé革,yì异duì对tóng同,bái白sǒu叟duì对huáng黄tóng童。jiāng江fēng风duì对hǎi海wù雾,mù牧zǐ子duì对yú渔wēng翁。yán颜xiàng巷lòu陋,ruǎn阮tú途qióng穷,jì冀běi北duì对liáo辽dōng东。chí池zhōng中zhuó濯zú足shuǐ水,mén门wài外dǎ打tóu头fēng风。liáng梁dì帝jiǎng讲jīng经tóng同tài泰sì寺,hàn汉huáng皇zhì置jiǔ酒wèi未yāng央gōng宫。chén尘lǜ虑yíng萦xīn心,lǎn懒fǔ抚qī七xián弦lǜ绿qǐ绮;shuāng霜huá华mǎn满bìn鬓,xiū羞kàn看bǎi百liàn炼qīng青tóng铜。第三页yì一dōng东(下)pín贫duì对fù富,sài塞duì对tōng通,yě野sǒu叟duì对xī溪tóng童。bìn鬓pó皤duì对méi眉lǜ绿,chǐ齿hào皓duì对chún唇hóng红。tiān天hào浩hào浩,rì日róng融róng融,pèi佩jiàn剑duì对wān弯gōng弓。bàn半xī溪liú流shuǐ水lǜ绿,qiān千shù树luò落huā花hóng红。yě野dù渡yàn燕chuān穿yáng杨liǔ柳yǔ雨,fāng芳chí池yú鱼xì戏jì芰hé荷fēng风。nǚ女zǐ子méi眉qiàn纤,é额xià下xiàn现yì一wān弯xīn新yuè月;nán男ér儿qì气zhuàng壮,xiōng胸zhōng中tǔ吐wàn万zhàng丈cháng长hóng虹。第四页èr二dōng冬(上)chūn春duì对xià夏,qiū秋duì对dōng冬,mù暮gǔ鼓duì对chén晨zhōng钟。guān观shān山duì对wán玩shuǐ水,lǜ绿zhú竹duì对cāng苍sōng松。féng冯fù妇hǔ虎,yè叶gōng公lóng龙,wǔ舞dié蝶duì对míng鸣qióng蛩。xián衔ní泥shuāng双zǐ紫yàn燕,kè课mì蜜jǐ几huáng黄fēng蜂。chūn春rì日yuán园zhōng中yīng莺qià恰qià恰,qiū秋tiān天sài塞wài外yàn雁yōng雍yōng雍。qín秦lǐng岭yún云héng横,tiáo迢dì递bā八qiān千yuǎn远lù路;wū巫shān山yǔ雨xǐ洗,cuó嵯é峨shí十èr二wēi危fēng峰。第五页èr二dōng冬(中)míng明duì对àn暗,dàn淡duì对nóng浓,shàng上zhì智duì对zhōng中yōng庸。jìng镜lián奁duì对yī衣sì笥,yě野chǔ杵duì对cūn村chōng舂。huā花zhuó灼shuò烁,cǎo草méng蒙róng茸,jiǔ九xià夏duì对sān三dōng冬。tái台gāo高míng名xì戏mǎ马,zhāi斋xiǎo小hào号pán蟠lóng龙。shǒu手bāi擘xiè蟹áo螯cóng从bì毕zhuó卓,shēn身pī披hè鹤chǎng氅zì自wáng王gōng恭。wǔ五lǎo老fēng峰gāo高,xiù秀chā插yún云xiāo霄rú如yù玉bǐ笔;sān三gū姑shí石dà大,xiǎng响chuán传fēng风yǔ雨ruò若jīn金yōng镛。第六页èr二dōng冬(下)rén仁duì对yì义,ràng让duì对gōng恭,yǔ禹shùn舜duì对xī羲nóng农。xuě雪huā花duì对yún云yè叶,sháo芍yào药duì对fú芙róng蓉。chén陈hòu后zhǔ主,hàn汉zhōng中zōng宗,xiù绣hǔ虎duì对diāo雕lóng龙。liǔ柳táng塘fēng风dàn淡dàn淡,huā花pǔ圃yuè月nóng浓nóng浓。chūn春rì日zhèng正yí宜cháo朝kàn看dié蝶,qiū秋fēng风nà那gèng更yè夜wén闻qióng蛩。zhàn战shì士yāo邀gōng功,bì必jiè借gān干gē戈chéng成yǒng勇wǔ武;yì逸mín民shì适zhì志,xū须píng凭shī诗jiǔ酒yǎng养shū疏yōng慵。第七页sān三jiāng江(上)lóu楼duì对gé阁,hù户duì对chuāng窗,jù巨hǎi海duì对cháng长jiāng江。róng蓉cháng裳duì对huì蕙zhàng帐,yù玉jiǎ斝duì对yín银gāng釭。qīng青bù布màn幔,bì碧yóu油chuáng幢,bǎo宝jiàn剑duì对jīn金gāng缸。zhōng忠xīn心ān安shè社jì稷,lì利kǒu口fù覆jiā家bāng邦。shì世zǔ祖zhōng中xīng兴yán延mǎ马wǔ武,jié桀wáng王shī失dào道shā杀lóng龙páng逄。qiū秋yǔ雨xiāo潇xiāo潇,màn漫làn烂huáng黄huā花dōu都mǎn满jìng径;chūn春fēng风niǎo袅niǎo袅,fú扶shū疏lǜ绿zhú竹zhèng正yíng盈chuāng窗。第八页sān三jiāng江(中)jīng旌duì对pèi旆,gài盖duì对chuáng幢,gù故guó国duì对tā他bāng邦。qiān千shān山duì对wàn万shuǐ水,jiǔ九zé泽duì对sān三jiāng江。shān山jí岌jí岌,shuǐ水cóng淙cóng淙,gǔ鼓zhèn振duì对zhōng钟zhuàng撞。qīng清fēng风shēng生jiǔ酒shè舍,bái白yuè月zhào照shū书chuāng窗。zhèn阵shàng上dǎo倒gē戈xīn辛zhòu纣zhàn战,dào道páng旁jì系jiàn剑zǐ子yīng婴xiánɡ降。xià夏rì日chí池táng塘,chū出yán沿yù浴bō波ōu鸥duì对duì对;chūn春fēng风lián帘mù幕,wǎng往lái来yíng营lěi垒yàn燕shuāng双shuāng双。第九页sān三jiāng江(下)zhū铢duì对liǎng两,zhī只duì对shuāng双,huá华yuè岳duì对xiāng湘jiāng江。cháo朝chē车duì对jìn禁gǔ鼓,sù宿huǒ火duì对sài塞gāng缸。qīng青suǒ琐tà闼,bì碧shā纱chuāng窗,hàn汉shè社duì对zhōu周bāng邦。shēng笙xiāo箫míng鸣xì细xì细,zhōng钟gǔ鼓xiǎng响chuāng摐chuāng摐。zhǔ主bù簿qī栖luán鸾míng名yǒu有lǎn览,zhì治zhōng中zhǎn展jì骥xìng姓wéi惟páng庞。sū苏wǔ武mù牧yáng羊,xuě雪lǚ屡cān餐yú于běi北hǎi海;zhuāng庄zhōu周huó活fù鲋,shuǐ水bì必jué决yú于xī西jiāng江。第十页sì四zhī支(上)chá茶duì对jiǔ酒,fù赋duì对shī诗,yàn燕zǐ子duì对yīng莺ér儿。zāi栽huā花duì对zhǒng种zhú竹,luò落xù絮duì对yóu游sī丝。sì四mù目jié颉,yì一zú足kuí夔,qú鸲yù鹆duì对lù鹭sī鸶。bàn半chí池hóng红hàn菡dàn萏,yí一jià架bái白tú荼mí蘼。jǐ几zhèn阵qiū秋fēng风néng能yīng应hòu候,yì一lí犁chūn春yǔ雨shèn甚zhī知shí时。zhì智bó伯ēn恩shēn深,guó国shì士tūn吞biàn变xíng形zhī之tàn炭;yáng羊gōng公dé德dà大,yì邑rén人shù竖duò堕lèi泪zhī之bēi碑。第十一页sì四zhī支(中)xíng行duì对zhǐ止,sù速duì对chí迟,wǔ舞jiàn剑duì对wéi围qí棋。huā花jiān笺duì对cǎo草zì字,zhú竹jiǎn简duì对máo毛zhuī锥。fén汾shuǐ水dǐng鼎,xiàn岘shān山bēi碑,hǔ虎bào豹duì对xióng熊pí罴。huā花kāi开hóng红jǐn锦xiù绣,shuǐ水yàng漾bì碧liú琉lí璃。qù去fù妇yīn因tàn探lín邻shě舍zǎo枣,chū出qī妻wéi为zhǒng种hòu后yuán园kuí葵。dí笛yùn韵hé和xié谐,xiān仙guǎn管qià恰cóng从yún云lǐ里jiàng降;lǔ橹shēng声yī咿yà轧,yú渔zhōu舟zhèng正xiàng向xuě雪zhōng中yí移。第十二页sì四zhī支(下)gē戈duì对jiǎ甲,gǔ鼓duì对qí旗,zǐ紫yàn燕duì对huáng黄lí鹂。méi梅suān酸duì对lǐ李kǔ苦,qīng青yǎn眼duì对bái白méi眉。sān三nòng弄dí笛,yì一wéi围qí棋,yǔ雨dǎ打duì对fēng风chuī吹。hǎi海táng棠chūn春shuì睡zǎo早,yáng杨liǔ柳zhòu昼mián眠chí迟。zhāng张jùn骏céng曾wéi为huái槐shù树fù赋,dù杜líng陵bù不zuò作hǎi海táng棠shī诗。jìn晋shì士tè特qí奇,kě可bǐ比yì一bān斑zhī之bào豹;táng唐rú儒bó博shí识,kān堪wéi为wǔ五zǒng总zhī之guī龟。第十三页wǔ五wēi微(上)lái来duì对wǎng往,mì密duì对xī稀,yàn燕wǔ舞duì对yīng莺fēi飞。fēng风qīng清duì对yuè月lǎng朗,lù露zhòng重duì对yān烟wēi微。s