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第4讲Robots语法篇____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________1.掌握各个时态的被动语态的结构与用法；2.能够熟练运用被动语态解题造句。一.含义与构成1.被动语态表示句中的主语接受谓语动作，也就是说，主语是谓语动作的承受者。谓语动词用作被动语态的句子叫做被动句。2.构成：be+过去分词(be有时可用become或get代替),be随着主语的人称、数、时态和语气的不同而变化。3.被动语态的各种时态形式有：一般时态：be+过去分词现在过去将来过去将来is/am/aredonewas/weredonewill/shallbedonewould/shouldbedoneEnglishisspokeninmanycountries.RomeoandJulietwaswrittenbyShakespeare.Manybelievethatonedaytheearthwillbedestroyedifpeopledonotlearntoliveinpeace.进行时态：be+being+过去分词现在过去将来过去将来is/am/arebeingdonewas/werebeingdonewill/shallbebeingdonewould/shouldbebeingdoneHisplanisbeingcarriedoutsuccessfully.Thenewcurtainswerebeinghungwhenthevisitorsshowedup.Thecarwillbebeingcleanedbymybrother.完成时态：have+been+过去分词现在过去将来过去将来have/hasbeendonehadbeendonewill/shallhavebeendonewould/shouldhavebeendoneI’vebeenrobbed.Theoutcomeoftheelectionwasannouncedbeforeallofthevoteshadbeencounted.Everythingwillhavebeendonebytheendofthismonth.二.用法1.强调动作的承受者：Frankwashitbyacar.Anewideahasbeensuggested.2.说话者不知道动作的执行者，或者认为没有必要指出：Thisbridgewasbuiltin1700.Thehouseisbeingrepaired.3.说话者希望所说的内容显得更加客观，避免就一些自己不太肯定的事表态：此类通常为表示\据说\或\相信\的词组，基本上由believe,consider,declare,expect,feel,report,say,see,suppose,think,understand等组成，如：Itissaidthat…据说；Itisreportedthat…据报道；Itisbelievedthat…大家相信；Itishopedthat…大家希望；Itiswellknownthat…众所周知ItissaidthatJapan’sindustrialprogressafterthewarwasveryremarkable.1.(2015北京)——Didyouenjoytheparty?——Yes,we___byourhosts.A.weretreatedB.wouldbetreatedC.treatedD.hadtreated2.(2015重庆)Inmyhometown,thereisalwaysaharvestsupperforthefarmersafterallthewheat____cut.A.willhavebeenB.willbeC.WasD.hasbeen3.(2015天津)Despitethepreviousroundsoftalks,noagreement______sofarbythetwosides.A.hasbeenreachedB.wasreachedC.willreachD.willhavereached4.(2015四川)MoreexpresswaysinSichuansoontopromotethelocaleconomy.A.arebeingbuiltB.willbebuiltC.havebeenbuiltD.hadbeenbuilt5.(2015福建)Tomydelight,Ifromhundredsofapplicantstoattendtheopeningceremony.A.waschosenB.wasbeingchosenC.wouldchooseD.hadchosen基础演练1.Thiscoastalarea_________anationalwildlifereservelastyear.A.wasnamedB.namedC.isnamedD.names2.ThediscoveryofgoldinAustralialedthousandstobelievethatafortune_________.A.ismadeB.wouldmakeC.wastobemadeD.hadmade3.Thechurchtowerwhich_________willbeopentotouristssoon.Theworkisalmostfinished.A.hasrestoredB.hasbeenrestoredC.isrestoringD.isbeingrestored4.InthespokenEnglishofsomeareasintheUS,the“r”soundsattheendofthewords_________.A.aredroppedB.dropC.arebeingdroppedD.havedropped5.Itisreportedthatmanyanewhouse_________atpresentinthedisasterarea.A.arebeingbuiltB.werebeingbuiltC.wasbeingbuiltD.isbeingbuilt巩固提高6.EveryyearafloodoffarmersarriveinShenzhenforthemoney–makingjobsthey_________beforetheyleavingtheirhometowns.A.promisedB.werepromisedC.havepromisedD.havebeenpromised7.TraditionalfolkartsofTianjinlikepapercutting_________atthecultureshowofthe2010ShanghaiWorldExpo.A.areexhibitingB.isexhibitingC.arebeingexhibitingD.isbeingexhibiting8.You’vefailedtodowhatyou_________toandI’mafraidtheteacherwillblameyou.A.willexpectB.willbeexpectedC.expectedD.wereexpected9.Ifcitynoises____fromincreasing,people____shouttobeheardevenatdinner.A.arenotkept;willhavetoB.arenotkept;haveC.donotkeep;willhavetoD.donotkeep;haveto10.Thefifthgenerationcomputers,withartificialintelligence,are____andperfectednow.A.developedB.havedevelopedC.arebeingdevelopedD.willhavebeendeveloped11.---____thesportsmeetmightbeputoff.---Yes，italldependsontheweather.A.I'vebeentoldB.I'vetoldC.I'mtoldD.Itold12.Ineedonemorestampbeforemycollection___.A.hascompletedB.completesC.hasbeencompletedD.iscompleted13.Rainforests___andburnedatsuchaspeedthattheywilldisappearfromtheearthinthenearfuture.A.cutB.arecutC.arebeingcutD.hadbeencut14.Thenewsuspensionbridge___bytheendoflastmonth.A.hasbeendesignedB.hadbeendesignedC.wasdesignedD.wouldbedesigned15.Whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater,itlooksasifit____.A.breaksB.hasbrokenC.wasbrokenD.hadbeenbroken1.Ishouldbeverymuchliketohavegonetotheparty,butI_________.A.amnotinvitedB.amnotbeinginvitedC.shallnotbeinvitedD.wasnotinvited2.----Howarethingsgoing?----Thedisabled_________norelativesinGuangzhou_________bythevolunteers,whowillgraduatefromZhongshanUniversitynextyear.A.with;aretakingcareofB.have;willbetakencareofC.with;arebeingtakencareofD.have;arebeingtakencareof3.Theattackerswerearrestedanddidn’tknowwherethey_________.A.wouldtakeB.aretakenC.werebeingtakenD.willbetaken4.Peoplebegintoknowthatmostenvironmentalproblemsexistbecausenecessarymeasuresforpreventingthem_________inthepast.A.arenottakenB.werenottakenC.hadn’tbeentakenD.wouldn’tbetaken5.----Mycar_________twicethismonth.----I’msorrytohearthat.A.hasbeenbrokeninB.wasbrokeninC.hasbeenbrokenintoD.wasbrokeninto6.Ourgameofbasketball_________.Wehadbeenplayingforabouthalfanhourwhenitstartedtorainheavily.A.hasinterruptedB.hadinterruptedC.wasinterruptedD.hadbeeninterrupted7.TheprincessandtheFrogisafairymusicalthat_________thedayswhenWaltDisneywasaperson