搜索
中级语法IntermediateGrammar状语从句1AdverbialClause时间状语从句，地点状语从句及原因状语从句1.时间状语从句１.状语从句很多，最常见的是时间状语从句，它们可由when,whenever,while,before,after,until,till,since,nowthat,once,assoonas连词引起．●Let’swaituntil(till)therainstops.●Shecomestotalktomewhenevershefeelslonely.●AsItalked,Igainedsomeconfidence.●NowthatIhavecomeback,Iwanttohelpyouboth.●Oncethetrainismoving,thereisnowaytostopit.2.由everytime,themoment等词引起的从句也可以用作状语．●EverytimeIcatchacold,Ihavepaininmyback.●Stormyapplausebrokeforththemomentsheappearedonthestage.●HehadimpressedmethatwaythefirsttimeImethim.●Besuretocallonusnexttimeyoucometotown.3.instantly,immediately,directly等词也可以引起时间状语从句．●Themachinewillstartinstantlyyoupressthebutton.●I’llgiveyouananswerimmediatelyI’vefinishedreadingyourreport.●Directlyheutteredthesewordstherewasadeadsilence.比较while,when,as1）as,when引导短暂性动作的动词。Justas/Justwhen/WhenIstoppedmycar,amancameuptome.2）当从句的动作发生于主句动作之前，只能用when引导这个从句，不可用as或while。Whenyouhavefinishedyourwork,youmayhavearest.3）从句表示随时间推移连词能用as，不用when或while。Asthedaywenton,theweathergotworse.日子一天天过去，天气越变越坏。比较until和till两个连词意义相同。肯定形式表示的意思是“做某事直至某时”，动词必须是延续性的。否定形式表达的意思是“直至某时才做某事”。动词为延续性或非延续性都可以。正确使用这两个连词的关键之一就在于判断句中的动词该用肯定式还是否定式。肯定句：Isleptuntilmidnight.我一直睡到半夜时醒了。WaittillIcallyou.等着我叫你（在肯定句中可用before代替Let‘sgetinthewheatbeforethesunsets.）否定句:Shedidn’tarriveuntil6o‘clock.她直到6点才到。Don’tgetoffthebusuntilithasstopped.公共汽车停稳后再下车。Ididn‘tmanagetodoituntilyouhadexplainedhow.直到你教我后，我才会做。1)Until可用于句首，而till通常不用于句首。Untilyoutoldme,Ihadheardnothingofwhathappened.直到你告诉我以前，出了什么事我一点也不知道。2)Untilwhen疑问句中，until要放在句首。---Untilwhenareyoustaying?你呆到什么时候？---UntilnextMonday.呆到下周一。注意：否定句可用另外两种句式表示。(1）Notuntil…在句首，主句用倒装。Notuntiltheearlyyearsofthe19thcenturydidmanknowwhatheatis.直到19世纪初，人类才知道热能是什么。NotuntilIbegantoworkdidIrealizehowmuchtimeIhadwasted.直到我开始工作，我才认识到了我已蹉跎了几多岁月。(2)Itisnotuntil…that…表示一…就…的结构hardly/scarcely…when/before,nosooner…than和assoonas都可以表示“一…就…”的意思，例：Ihadhardly/scarcelygothomewhenitbegantorain.Ihadnosoonergothomethanitbegantorain.AssoonasIgothome,itbegantorain.注意：如果hardly,scarcely或nosooner置于句首，句子必须用倒装结构：Hardly/ScarcelyhadIgothomewhenitbegantorain.NosoonerhadIgothomethanitbegantorainTranslation１1.等雨停了再说．Let’swaituntil(till)therainstops.2.每次感冒我就头疼．EverytimeIcatchacold,Ihavepaininmyhead.3.到家给我打电话．Phonemeafteryougethome.2.地点状语从句地点状语从句通常由where,wherever引导。●WhereIlivethereareplentyoftrees.●WhereverIamIwillbethinkingofyou.●Youcansitanywhereyoulike.●EverywhereIgo,Ifindthesamething.Translation２1.在他住的地方冬天特别长．Winterswereverylongwherehelived.2.不管他到哪里，他都带着她．Whereverhewent,hetookherwithhim.3.你高兴在哪睡就在哪里睡．Sleepwhereveryoulike.３.原因状语从句原因状语从句多由because,as,since,seeing(that),consideringthat等连词引起．●Youonlydoitbecauseyouhaveto.●Ashehadbeenupsince4a.m.,hewasverytired.●HEcan’tcomewithussincehe’sill.●Stayinbedlongertoday,seeingthatyouwerelatelastnight.●Consideringhe’sonlybeenlearningEnglishayearhespeaksitverywell.●Nowthatyouhavethechanceyouhadbetteravailyourselfofit.３.原因状语从句下面这类句子中的从句也表示原因．●I’mgladthatyouareallsafe.●I’mproudthatyouhadthethought.３.原因状语从句比较：because,since,as和for1）because语势最强，用来说明人所不知的原因，回答why提出的问题。当原因是显而易见的或已为人们所知，就用as或since。●Ididn'tgo,becauseIwasafraid.●Since/Astheweatherissobad,wehavetodelayourjourney.2）由because引导的从句如果放在句末，且前面有逗号，则可以用for来代替。但如果不是说明直接原因，而是多种情况加以推断，就只能用for。●Heisabsenttoday,because/forheisill.●Hemustbeill,forheisabsenttoday.Translation３1.因为是星期天，他起床比较晚．SinceitwasSunday,hestayedlongerinbed.2.已经十点了，我们不会再等她了．Seeingthatitisteno’clock,wewillnotwaitforheranylonger.3.抱歉把你吵醒了．IamsorrythatIwokeyouup.