电子科技大学实验报告学生姓名:学号:指导教师:实验时间:一、实验室名称:工程训练中心二、实验项目名称:模具设计与数控加工三、实验学时:32四、实验原理:1、模具设计(以冲栽模为例)冷冲压是金属压力加工方法之一,冷冲压工艺是在常温状态下靠模具与冲压设备完成加工的过程,冲栽模具是冷冲压模具其中之一。冲栽是使材料一部分相对另一部分发生分离,是冲压加工方法中的基础工序。本套模具属于冷冲压模具。落料:凹凹)(XDD凸最小凸)(ZXDD冲孔:凸凸)(Xdd凹最小凹)(ZXdd孔心距:125.0)5.0(LL凹2、数控编程及数控加工:用手工编程或者自动编程方法,对数控模具进行数控编程,然后在数控铣床上进行数控加工3、数控铣床操作:分析图纸,编写程序,数控加工。数控铣床的坐标系统规定依据标准化,按右手直角坐标系五、实验目的:了解模具设计的设计过程、计算方法及数控加工的基本知识;熟悉零件的数控编程方法、指令的输入及数控机床的操作方法;建立机械设计与机械制造生产过程的基本概念。六、实验内容:零件的设计及工艺分析,根据零件的参数值对模具中凸模、凹模进行设计并用AutoCAD制图;对凸模、凹模进行数控编程;在数控铣床上加工凸模、凹模;编写技术文件。七、实验器材(设备、元器件):计算机、数控铣床,圆柱铣刀、球头铣刀、量具及金属材料。八、实验步骤:1.取得必要的资料及冲压零件的工艺性分析;2.定工艺方案、排样设计及模具形式;3.体方案设计(既:总压力计算及压力中心计算)及选择冲压设备;4.模具材料(查表)、进行凸模、凹模的刃口尺寸计算;5.主要零部件的结构设计(既:弹簧、橡胶件的计算和选用);6.模具的结构件设计;7.模具总图及绘制各非标准件零件图;8.模具设计说明书;9.冲压工艺卡和零件的加工工艺过程卡。九、实验数据及结果分析:实验数据的准确性直接影响模具的制造精度,特别是在尺寸计算和公差计算中应考虑磨损后带来的模具尺寸精度,本套模具的磨损系数去X=0.5比较适合。十、实验结论:目前的自动编程系统主要解决了几何问题,从而代替了大量繁琐的手工计算,绝大多数不具备工艺处理能力。本实验基本上利用数控程序完成了组合图形的绘制与加工,把知识与实际很好地结合,加深了对知识点的理解。综合评分结果(见附件)十一、总结及心得体会:十二、对本实验过程及方法、手段的改进建议:1、加强制造工艺知识的学习;2、设备不配套、导致复杂零件无法加工;3、模具设计及数控自动编程所需计算机太少且落后。报告评分:指导教师签字:(附件)技术文件一、零件、凸、凹模具设计1、零件设计(画零件图并标出尺寸及公差)零件名称:零件材料:10号钢精度要求:IT14零件的生产数量:20万件/年工艺性分析:采用冲模加工,零件要求表面平整、无变形、弯曲、冲断面无毛刺。凹模三视图:凸模三视图:凹模等角视图:凸模等角视图:2、凸、凹模具工作部分尺寸的确定查表:根据外圆公差0.62查标准公差表可得零件精度IT14;根据零件厚度3,材料:10号钢,查冲栽间隙表可得Z=0.34,Z=0.40;查凸、凹模制造的公差表可得落料:δ凸=0.02,δ凹=0.03冲孔δ凸=0.02,δ凹=0.025;由零件精度IT14查磨损系数x表可得x=0.5。∵δ凸+δ凹=0.02+0.03=0.05,δ凸+δ凹=0.02+0.025=0.045Z最大-Z最小=0.40-0.34=0.06∴均满足Z最大-Z最小≥δ凸+δ凹,故凸、凹模采用分开加工方法。=(37-0.5×0.62)=36.69=36.7+0.03=(36.69-0.34)=36.35=36.4-0.02冲孔凸、凹模工作部分尺寸计算:=(21+0.5×0.52)=21.26=21.3-0.02=(21.26+0.34)=21.6+0.0253、凸、凹模具的选择及加工方法凸、凹模具选用9Mn2V标号的合金钢加工成型,在数控铣床上加工。凹模加工程序:N102G90N104T0101M06N106S3000M03N108G00X-63.2Y-39.998N110Z50.N112Z10.N114G01Z-.2F50.N116X57.2F300.N118G03Y-31.1096I0.J4.4442N120G01X-57.2N122G02Y-22.2211I0.J4.4442N124G01X57.2N126G03Y-13.3327I0.J4.4442N128G01X-57.2N130G02Y-4.4442I0.J4.4442N132G01X57.2N134G03Y4.4442I0.J4.4442N136G01X-57.2N138G02Y13.3327I0.J4.4442N140G01X57.2N142G03Y22.2211I0.J4.4442N144G01X-57.2凹凹)(XDD凸最小凸)(ZXDD凸凸)(Xdd凹最小凹)(ZXddN146G02Y31.1096I0.J4.4442N148G01X57.2N150G03Y39.998I0.J4.4442N152G01X-63.2N154Z9.8F2000.N156G00Z50.N158X-.0784Y-30.7499N160Z10.N162G01Z-1.6F50.N164X.0784F300.N166G03X21.5206Y-21.9642I-.0784J30.7499N168G01X-21.5206N170G02X-27.7829Y-13.1785I21.5206J21.9642N172G01X27.7829N174G03X30.4346Y-4.3928I-27.7829J13.1785N176G01X-30.4346N178G02Y4.3928I30.4346J4.3928N180G01X30.4346N182G03X27.7829Y13.1785I-30.4346J-4.3928N184G01X-27.7829N186G02X-21.5206Y21.9642I27.7829J-13.1785N188G01X21.5206N190G03X.0784Y30.7499I-21.5206J-21.9642N192G01X-.0784N194Z8.4F2000.N196G00Z50.N198X31.Y0.N200Z10.N202G01Z-1.6F50.N204G03X-31.I-31.J0.F300.N206G03X31.I31.J0.N208G01Z8.4F2000.N210G00Z50.N212X-.0784Y-30.7499N214Z8.4N216G01Z-3.2F50.N218X.0784F300.N220G03X21.5206Y-21.9642I-.0784J30.7499N222G01X-21.5206N224G02X-27.7829Y-13.1785I21.5206J21.9642N226G01X27.7829N228G03X30.4346Y-4.3928I-27.7829J13.1785N230G01X-30.4346N232G02Y4.3928I30.4346J4.3928N234G01X30.4346N236G03X27.7829Y13.1785I-30.4346J-4.3928N238G01X-27.7829N240G02X-21.5206Y21.9642I27.7829J-13.1785N242G01X21.5206N244G03X.0784Y30.7499I-21.5206J-21.9642N246G01X-.0784N248Z6.8F2000.N250G00Z50.N252X31.Y0.N254Z8.4N256G01Z-3.2F50.N258G03X-31.I-31.J0.F300.N260G03X31.I31.J0.N262G01Z6.8F2000.N264G00Z50.N266X-14.9754Y-23.3294N268Z10.N270G01Z-2.F50.N272X-14.9284F300.N274X-15.9471Y-14.7433N276X-5.5407N278G02X-14.4966Y-6.1571I5.5407J14.7433N280G01X-15.0157N282X-15.1287Y-4.38N284G02X-15.5616Y2.4291I15.1287J4.38N286G01X-21.3953N288X-13.7862Y11.0153N290X-11.2573N292X-9.9967Y12.6882N294G03X-4.8466Y19.4207I-6.9758J10.6724N296G01X-4.7878Y19.6014N298X4.7878N300X2.6154Y26.2875N302G03X.0235Y28.1876I-2.6154J-.8498N304G01X-.0235N306X3.9764Y22.0987N308X4.8466Y19.4207N310G03X10.274Y12.5121I12.126J3.94N312G01X11.2573Y11.0153N314X13.7862N316X15.2488Y3.9417N318G02X15.5616Y2.4291I-15.2488J-3.9417N320G01X21.3953N322X19.9679Y1.392N324G03X15.0157Y-6.1571I7.4943J-10.315N326G01X14.4966N328G02X5.5407Y-14.7433I-14.4966J6.1571N330G01X15.9471N332X14.9754Y-23.3294N334X14.9284N336Z8.F2000.N338G00Z50.N340X-20.1148Y1.1897N342Z10.N344G01Z-2.F50.N346G02X-15.5739Y-12.7857I-7.3473J-10.1127F300.N348G01X-17.8051Y-19.6525N350G03X-13.1885Y-23.0066I2.8532J-.9271N352G01X-7.3473Y-18.7627N354G02X7.3473I7.3473J-10.1127N356G01X13.1885Y-23.0066N358G03X17.8051Y-19.6525I1.7634J2.4271N360G01X15.5739Y-12.7857N362G02X20.1148Y1.1897I11.8882J3.8627N364G01X25.956Y5.4336N366G03X24.1927Y10.8607I-1.7634J2.4271N368G01X16.9725N370G02X5.0843Y19.498I0.J12.5N372G01X2.8532Y26.3647N374G03X-2.8532I-2.8532J-.9271N376G01X-5.0843Y19.498N378G02X-16.9725Y10.8607I-11.8882J3.8627N380G01X-24.1927N382G03X-25.956Y5.4336I0.J-3.N384G01X-20.1148Y1.1897N386Z8.F2000.N388G00Z50.N390X15.5Y0.N392Z10.N394G01Z-2.F50.N396G02X-15.5I-15.5J0.F300.N398G02X15.5I15.5J0.N400G01Z8.F2000.N402G00Z50.N404X-14.9754Y-23.3294N406Z8.N408G01Z-4.F50.N410X-14.9284F300.N412X-15.9471Y-14.7433N414X-5.5407N416G02X-14.4966Y-6.1571I5.5407J14.7433N418G01X-15.0157N420X-15.1287Y-4