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雅思阅读2LectureOne雅思阅读基本概况雅思阅读所需要的基本技能Skimming&Scanning一、雅思阅读基本概况测试时间：60分钟（9:45-10:45包括填答题卡时间）文章数量：3篇，共约4000词1200-1500words/p文章题材：经济、地理、教育、科学、环境题目数量：共40题，10种题型（五大五小）五种大题型1Listofheadings(LOH)段落标题配对题2Matching配对题段落+相关信息的配对3TRUE/FALSE/NOTGIVEN判断题4Multiplechoice选择题(单选题+多选题)5Summary填空题•五种小题型•TableCompletion•FlowChart•PictureNaming•SentenceCompletion•ShortAnswerQuestions评分标准NumberofcorrectanswersIELTSbandscore40938-398.536,37833-347.530-32727-296.523-26620-225.5一、如何开始准备雅思阅读考试四大技能的要求快速阅读词汇记忆语法突破强化技巧第一个技能:快速阅读1.SKIMMING(浏览,略读)Toskimistoreadquicklyinordertogetthegeneralideaofthepassage.2.SCANNING(跳读,寻读)Toscanistoreadquicklyinordertolocatespecificinformation.SKIMMING1.TITLE+SUBTITLE+HEADINGS2.PICTURE3.PARAGRAPH(顺带标记+小注)基本能力–主旨提取1.雅思阅读文章的段落结构2.段落中心句提取雅思阅读文章的段落结构段落中心句的提取ExerciseC7T2P1Whypagodasdon'tfalldownAInalandsweptbytyphoonsandshakenbyearthquakes,howhaveJapan'stallestandseeminglyflimsiest不结实的;易损坏的(原型flimsy)oldbuildings—500orsowoodenpagodas宝塔—remainedstandingforcenturies?Recordsshowthatonlytwohavecollapsedduringthepast1400years.Thosethathavedisappearedweredestroyedbyfireasaresultoflightningorcivilwar.Thedisastrous损失惨重的Hanshinearthquakein1995killed6,400people,toppledelevatedhighways,flattened使…成为平地officeblocksanddevastated毁灭;摧毁theportareaofKobe.Yetitleftthemagnificentfive-storeypagodaattheTojitempleinnearbyKyotounscathed未受损伤;未遭伤害thoughitlevelled夷平anumberofbuildingsintheneighborhood.Topple:~(over)beunsteadyandfall不稳而倒下:Thepileofbookstoppledoverontothefloor.那一摞书倒在地板上了.BJapanesescholarshavebeenmystifiedforagesaboutwhythesetall,slenderbuildingsaresostable.[Itwasonlythirtyyearsagothatthebuildingindustryfeltconfidentenoughtoerectofficeblocksofsteelandreinforcedconcretethathadmorethanadozenfloors.]Withitsspecialshockabsorbers减震器todampen抑制theeffectofsuddensidewaysmovementsfromanearthquake,thethirty-six-storeyKasumigasekibuildingincentralTokyo—Japan'sfirstskyscraper摩天楼—wasconsideredamasterpieceofmodernengineeringwhenitwasbuiltin1968.mystify/ˈmɪstɪfaɪ;ˋmɪstəˏfaɪ/v(pt,pp-fied)[Tn]make(sb)confusedthroughlackofunderstanding;puzzle;bewilder使（某人）困惑不解;使迷惑:I'mmystified;Ijustcan'tseehowhedidit.我大惑不解,就是不明白他是怎麽做到的.*hermystifyingdisappearance她神秘的失踪.dampen(down)tomakesomethingsuchasafeelingoractivitylessstrongThelightraindampenedthecrowd'senthusiasm.Raisinginterestratesmightdampentheeconomy.tomakeasoundormovementlessloudorstrongThespringdampenstheshockoftheimpact.CYetin826,withonlypegs短桩andwedges楔子tokeephiswoodenstructureupright,themasterbuilderKobodaishihadnohesitationinsendinghismajestic雄伟的Tojipagodasoaringfifty-fivemetresintothesky—nearlyhalfashighastheKasumigasekiskyscraperbuiltsomeelevencenturieslater.Clearly,Japanesecarpentersofthedayknewafewtricksaboutallowingabuildingtoswayandsettleitselfratherthanfightnature'sforces.Butwhatsortoftricks?DThemulti-storeypagodacametoJapanfromChinainthesixthcentury.AsinChina,theywerefirstintroducedwithBuddhismandwereattachedtoimportanttemples.TheChinesebuilttheirpagodasinbrickorstone,withinnerstaircases,andusedtheminlatercenturiesmainlyaswatchtowers瞭望塔.WhenthepagodareachedJapan,however,itsarchitecturewasfreelyadaptedtolocalconditions—theywerebuiltlesshigh,typicallyfiveratherthanninestoreys,mademainlyofwoodandthestaircasewasdispensedwith免除，省掉becausetheJapanesepagodadidnothaveanypracticalusebutbecamemoreofanartobject.Becauseofthetyphoonsthatbatter接连猛击Japaninthesummer,Japanesebuilderslearnedtoextendtheeaves屋檐ofbuildingsfurtherbeyondthewalls.Thispreventsrainwatergushing流出,泻出,涌出downthewalls.PagodasinChinaandKoreahavenothingliketheoverhangthatisfoundonpagodasinJapan.【重要词组】dispensewithsb/sth:getridofsb/sth用不着某人[某事物];摆脱某人[某事物]:Heisnotyetwellenoughtodispensewiththepills.他尚未痊愈,仍需吃药.adapt(oneself)(tosth)becomeadjustedtonewconditions,etc适应（新环境等）:Oureyesslowlyadaptedtothedark.我们的眼睛慢慢地适应了黑暗的环境.【重要词汇】overhang/ˈəuvəhæŋ;ˋovɚˏhæŋ/n.partthatoverhangs悬垂的部分:abird'snestundertheoverhangoftheroof房檐下的鸟巢.ETheroofofaJapanesetemplebuildingcanbemadetooverhangthesidesofthestructurebyfiftypercentormoreofthebuilding'soverallwidth.Forthesamereason,thebuildersofJapanesepagodasseemtohavefurtherincreasedtheirweightbychoosingtocovertheseextendedeavesnotwiththeporcelain瓷tiles瓦ofmanyChinesepagodasbutwithmuchheavierearthenware陶器tiles.【难句解析】TheroofofaJapanesetemplebuildingcanbemadetooverhangthesidesofthestructurebyfiftypercentormoreofthebuilding'soverallwidth.句子结构theroof…canbemadeto….by…日本寺庙的屋顶可以被建造成各面都延伸出庙宇本身，延伸的范围在该寺庙整体宽度的50%或者更多。FButthisdoesnottotallyexplainthegreatresilience弹性ofJapanesepagodas.Istheanswerthat,likeatallpinetree,theJapanesepagoda—withitsmassivetrunk-likecentralpillar柱子knownasshinbashira—simplyflexes伸缩，弯曲andsways摇动,摇摆duringatyphoonorearthquake?Forcenturies,manythoughtso.Buttheanswerisnotsosimplebecausethestartling令人吃惊的thingisthattheshinbashiraactuallycarriesnoload不负重atall.Infact,insomepagodadesigns,itdoesnotevenrestontheground接触地面,butissuspended悬挂fromthetopofthepagoda—hanginglooselydownthroughthemiddleofthebuilding.Theweightofthebuildingissupportedentirelybytwelveouterandfourinnercolumns.GAndwhatistheroleoftheshin