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山西机电职业技术学院机械工程系毕业设计说明书课题：LED电子显示屏的设计专业计算机辅助设计与制造班级计辅助0806姓名王红丽学号28230227指导教师赵翠萍实践单位山西中池联华科技开发有限公司二零一一年一月三十日1目录第1章绪论...................................................................................................................41.1LED显示屏的研究背景及意义.............................................................................41.2LED大屏幕的发展状况与趋势.............................................................................51.2.1LED大屏幕的发展状况...............................................................................51.2.2LED大屏幕的发展趋势...............................................................................61.3LED显示屏的信息发布技术.................................................................................6第二章LED电子显示屏的介绍........................................................................................72.1LED显示屏简介.....................................................................................................72.2LED显示屏的特点.................................................................................................82.3LED显示屏的分类.................................................................................................8第三章LED显示屏的组成.................................................................................................93.1LED显示模块结构.................................................................................................93.2LED显示系统的构成...........................................................................................103.2.1驱动电路.....................................................................................................113.2.2控制系统.....................................................................................................113.2.3显示类型.....................................................................................................133.3LED显示屏的硬件原理.......................................................................................13第四章LED显示屏的设计..............................................................................................144.1LED点阵显示屏驱动设计...................................................................................154.1.1常规驱动电路的设计.................................................................................154.1.2点阵显示屏显示.........................................................................................164.2LED显示屏的控制模式.......................................................................................164.3LED显示屏的主控电路.......................................................................................174.3.1系统主控电路..............................................................................................174.3.2驱动芯片......................................................................................................184.4LED显示屏的实现技术.......................................................................................19第五章LED显示屏的应用..............................................................................................205.1LED显示屏的应用...............................................................................................205.2总结.......................................................................................................................21参考文献.............................................................................................................................22致谢.....................................................................................................................................222摘要近年来，LED(LightingEmittingDiode,发光二极管)电子显示屏作为一种高科技产品日益引起人们的重视。它可以实时显示或循环播放文字、图形和图像信息，具有显示方式丰富、观赏性强、显示内容修改方便、亮度高、显示稳定且寿命长等多种优点，被广泛应用于商业广告、体育比赛、交通信息报导等诸多领域。LED显示屏的核心技术主要集中在控制器中。目前，大部分异步显示屏采用的是8位或16位的微控制器，由于受到微处理器的处理速度、体系架构、寻址范围、外围接口资源等诸多限制，已难以在要求显示较多像素、显示内容帧频较高、动态显示效果复杂的情况下得到良好的动态视觉效果。LED显示屏控制系统性能良好，工作稳定可靠，易于维护升级，具有很高的性价比。关键词LED；数据传输；信息发布系统；单片机ABSTRACTInrecentyears,EmittingDiode(LEDtheambience,EmittingDiode)electronicdisplayscreenasahigh-techproductincreasinglyattractedpeople'sattention.Itcanreal-timedisplayorloopingtext,graphicsandimageinformation,hasdisplayedrichandappreciationofstrong,displaycontentmodifyconvenient,highbrightness,showstableandlongservicelifeetc.Variousadvantages,iswidelyusedincommercialadvertising,sport,trafficinformationreports,etc.TheLEDdisplaycoretechnologymainlyconcentratedinthecontroller.Atpresent,mostoftheasynchronousdisplayUSESis8or16microcontroller,duetothemicroprocessorprocessingspeed,architecture,addressingscope,peripheralinterfacesresourcesandsoonmanyrestrictions,itwasdifficultinrequiredtodisplaymorepixels,displaycontentsframefrequencytaller,dynamicdisplayeffectofcomplexcasesgetgooddynamicvisualeffect.3TheLEDdisplaycontrolsystemhasgoodperformance,stableandreliable,easymaintenanceupgrade,hastheveryhighperformance-priceratio.KEYWORDS:LED;Datatransmission;Informationreleasesystem;microcontroller4LED电子显示屏的设计第1章绪论1.1LED显示屏的研究背景及意义发光二极管(LED)，是一种把电能变成光能的特种器件，主要由PN结芯片、电极和光学系统构成。当系统受到外界激发后，会从稳定的低能态跃迁到不稳定的高能态，当系统由不稳定的高能态重新回到稳定的低能态时，能量差以光的形式辐射出来，就会产生发光现象。当在PN结上加以正向电压之后，P区的空穴注入至N区，N区的电子注入至P区，相互注入的