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毕业设计院系名称机械与汽车工程学院2012年6月4日设计题目数控回转工作台设计学生姓名周郁林学号20080396专业班级机械设计制造及其自动化08-3班指导教师董伯麟目录中文摘要······································································································1英文摘要······································································································21引言·········································································································31.1前言··································································································31.2课题来源····························································································31.3研究目的与意义···················································································31.4研究项目的现状及发展趋势···································································42数控回转工作台的原理与应用······································································42.1数控回转工作台的原理·········································································42.2设计准则····························································································52.2主要技术参数······················································································63数控回转工作台的结构设计·········································································63.1传动方案的确定···················································································63.2齿轮传动的设计···················································································83.3蜗轮及蜗杆的选用与校核····································································123.4蜗杆与蜗轮的主要参数与几何尺寸························································143.5伺服电机的选择及运动参数的计算························································163.6轴的校核与计算·················································································183.7齿轮上键的选择及校核········································································243.8轴承的选用························································································253.9润滑与密封························································································263.10间隙消除的设计················································································273.11液压张紧机构···················································································293.12三维图····························································································31结论···········································································································33致谢···········································································································34参考文献····································································································35-1-数控回转工作台设计摘要：数控车床今后将向中高挡发展，中档采用普及型数控刀架配套，高档采用动力型刀架，兼有液压刀架、伺服刀架、立式刀架等品种，预计近年来对数控刀架需求量将大大增加。数控回转工作台是一种可以实现圆周进给和分度运动的工作台，它常被使用于卧式的镗床和加工中心上，可提高加工效率，完成更多的工艺，它主要由原动力、齿轮传动、蜗杆传动、工作台等部分组成，并可进行间隙消除和蜗轮加紧，是一种很实用的加工工具。本课题主要介绍了它的原理和机械结构的设计，并对以上部分运用AUTOCAD做图。本次毕业设计的题目是数控回转工作台设计。通过对数控回转工作台的设计，使大学生在步入社会之前，不仅能够设计出数控回转工作台，而且能够掌握机械设计的方法和步骤。本课题研究的主要内容包括：确定数控回转工作台的传动方案；驱动力计算及其他相关计算；零件设计与校核；零件图的绘制与三维模型建立。关键词：数控回转工作台；齿轮传动；蜗杆传动；间隙消除；蜗轮加紧-2-Abstract:NClathesinthefuturewillbeinhighgeardevelopment,Mid-gradetypeswilladoptthepopularNCkniferestsupporting,High-gradetypeswilladoptvarietiesaspowerkniferest,bothhydraulickniferest,servokniferest,verticalkniferest,etc.Concurrently,itisestimatedthatnumericalcontrolkniferestdemandwillincreasegreatlyinrecentyears.NCrotarytableisawaytoachievecircumferencefeedandindexingmotionofthetable,itisoftenusedinhorizontalboringmachinesandmachiningcenters,itcanimproveprocessingefficiencyandaccomplishmoreprocesses,itismainlycomposedofthedrivingforcebehind,geardrive,wormdrive,workstationsandothercomponents,itcaneliminategapandstepupbywormgear,itisaveryusefulprocessingtool.ThissubjectintroducestheprinciplesandthedesignofthemechanicalstructureoftheNCrotarytable,anddrawingitbyAUTOCAD.ThegraduationprojectisthesubjectofdesignofNCrotaryworktable.NCrotarytableonthedesign,sothatbeforethestudentsenteredthecommunity,notonlytodesignaNCrotaryworktable,andcanmasterthemechanicaldesignofthemethodsandprocedures.Themaincontentofthisresearchinclude:determiningthetransmissionschemeofNCrotaryworktable;drivingforcecalculationandothercalculations;partdesignandverification;partandthree-dimensionalmappingmodel.Keywords:Numericalcontrolrotarytable；Geardrive；Wormdrive；Gapelimination；Thewormgear-3-1引言数控机床的圆周进给由回转工作台完成，称为数控机床的第四轴：回转工作台可以与X、Y、Z三个坐标轴联动，从而加工出各种球、圆弧曲线等。回转工作台可以实现精确的自动分度，扩大了数控机床加工范围。1.1前言一台加工中心是由机床（机械部分）和控制系统（电气部分）两部分组成，机床是加工中星的主体，控制系统是加工中心的核心。加工中心的主机通常是由三大基础部件组（床身、立柱和工作台）和主轴部件、刀具存储自动交换系统（ATC）及其它辅助功能部件组成。有的加工中心还具有托盘（工作台）自动交换系统（APC）。1.2课题来源这次毕业设计的课题来源于自选课题——数控回转工作台设计，目的是通过本次的设计工作，能够在加工中心的了解的基础上，实现对数控回转工作台的设计，并与同组人的对主轴部件、刀库、夹具的设计相应，最终设计出整个机床主要结构部件。此课题让学生有机会对机械设计方面的知识有一个系统的回顾，进一步加深学习。1.3研究目的与意义毕业设计主要是培养学生综合应用所学专业的基础理论、基本技能和专业知识的能力，培养学生建立正确的设计思想，掌握工程设计的一般程序、规范和方法。培养学生的设计计算、工程绘图、实验研究、数据处理、查阅文献、外文资料的阅读与翻译、计算机应用、文字表达等基本工作实践能力，使学生初步掌握科学研究的基本方法和思路。本次毕业设计主要是解决卧式加工中心数控回转工作台的工作原理和机械机构的设计与计算部分，设计思路是先原理后结构，先整体后局部。首先，进行总体方-4-案设计，传动