2004-3-522004-3-532004-3-542004-3-55Æ()ÆSQCÆTQCTQM602004-3-562080Motorola1981·BobGalvin101987Motorola·GeorgeFisher2004-3-57Honeywell1992GE1996BoeingSONYIBMTexasInstrumentsDeltaAirFrance,TOSHIBAKodakSamSungGEMotorola1992Honeywell1998Kodak2004-3-58Æ3.4ÆÆ2308,537366,80746,210523363.4SigmaDPMOMostGEAEOurGoal2004-3-59xxniin==∑1Centering(Average)Mean:Variation(Spread)()σ∧==−−∑xxniin211StandardDeviation:2004-3-510USLσ∧σ∧σ∧σ∧σ∧σ∧USLσ∧σ∧σ∧USLZUSLZ2004-3-511-99.99966%(6)99%(3.8)7711.76834120,000155,000200,00072004-3-512?LSLLSLUSLUSLUSLUSLLSLLSLUSLUSLLSLLSLLSL=USL=XXXXXXXXXXXXxxxxxxxxxxXXXXXXXXXXXX2004-3-513:1):DMAICDefineMeasureAnalyzeImproveControl2):DMADVDefineMeasureAnalyzeDesignVerify3):DFSSDesignforSixSigma2004-3-514DMAIC?“Y”Y???“Y”?“Xs”“Xs”?“Xs”“Y”15423Y=f(X)Y=f(X)2004-3-515DMADVDEFINESmartSimpleMEASUREANALYZEDESIGNVERIFY2004-3-5162004-3-517?CustomersCustomersCompetitorsCompetitorsEmployeesEmployeesGlobalmarketplaceGlobalmarketplaceTheBusinessWorldIsChangingasNeverBefore…SixSigmaIsaDisciplinedResponsetoChangeTheBusinessWorldIsChangingasNeverBefore…SixSigmaIsaDisciplinedResponsetoChange2004-3-518---TomA.Steven2004-3-519•10•5•161+10+5162004-3-5201.2.3.4.2004-3-52117426158793257118424849586286584676861042959456947675666552543530255075100125=17=118-025507510012553()2004-3-52253171182004-3-5232004-3-524•“”“”•“”“”•“”“”2004-3-525——2004-3-526+=–=2004-3-527??Sigma3s:10-15%3s:10-15%654325%10%15%20%30%25%(%)2004-3-528………ProcessOutputOutput2004-3-529:15010,000(MBB):60(BB):300+(GB):10,000(YB):............2004-3-5302004-3-531•••GE50ACFC(AtCustomerForCustomer)2004-3-53244WTO4“”42004-3-533“”“”2004-3-5342004-3-535^^M1M22004-3-5362004-3-537/3252002-189263IC248102001.8-2003.12480494192003.4-2003.12/1883372002.6-1893291893292004-3-538USLZ=-0.45USLZ=1.762DPMO6144201324940200000400000600000800000DPMO2004-3-5392885.568%134032%2081894225.52004-3-540BusinessYs2004-3-541••“”“”“”•••2004-3-542••••2004-3-5432003452004-3-544DMAIC/DV532004-3-545122004-3-546312abcd3442004-3-547------2004-3-548THEPOWEROFSIXSIGMA2004-3-5492004-3-550