JangJanjunModules7~8九年级上册1.discuss(v.)discussion(n.)讨论2.think(v.)thinker(n.)思想家3.wise(adj.)wisely(adv.)明智地4.wellknown(adj.)famous(同义词)著名的5.dead(adj.)die(v.)death(n.)死亡6.surprised(adj.)surprise(v.)surprise(n.)惊讶7.south(n.)southern(adj.)南方的8.act(v.)action(n.)行动9.everyday(adj.)daily(同义词)日常的10.decide(v.)decision(n.)决定11.fair(adj.)fairly(adv.)公平的unfair(反义词)不公平的12.able(adj.)ability(n.)能力13.method(n.)way(同义词)方法14.break(v.)broke(过去式)broken(过去分词)15.Asian(n.&adj.)Asia(n.)亚洲16.pride(n.)proud(adj.)自豪的1.makesense合情理;明智;有意义2.getintotrouble惹上麻烦3.runaway逃走;逃脱4.foratime一小段时间;一时5.payfor为……付出代价6.likesb.doingsth.喜欢某人做某事7.takeaway拿走8.besetin以……为背景9.inreturn作为回报10.usedto过去常常11.haveinfluenceonsb.=influencesb.影响某人12.standfor是……的缩写;代表13.noway决不;不可能14.highjump跳高15.setup设立;创办16.suffer...from...受(某种疾病)的折磨;因……而受苦17.firstplace一等奖18.stop/keep/preventsb.fromdoingsth.阻止某人做某事19.takepridein=beproudof因……而自豪20.playagainst对抗21.bemadat=beangrywith生某人的气22.breakarecord打破纪录23.anumberof许多……24.becauseof因为;由于1.What'sup?什么事?2.IthinkI'ddescribeConfuciusmoreasateacherandthinkerthanawriter.我认为我会把孔子视为一名作家,更是一位老师和思想家。3.WearestillinfluencedbyConfucius'sideas,andShakespeare'splaysalsomakealotofsensetoustoday.今天我们仍然受孔子思想的影响,莎士比亚的戏剧也对我们有着非常重要的意义。4.Bytheway,whatdoyouthinkofMarkTwain,thegreatestAmericanwriterinthenineteenthcentury?顺便问一下,你认为19世纪美国伟大的作家马克·吐温怎么样?5.Isupposeheisn'tso/as...wellknownasConfuciusorShakespeare.我认为他没有孔子或莎士比亚出名。6.ThestoryissetinthetownofStPetersburg,Missouri,theUSA,inthenineteenthcentury.这个故事以19世纪美国密苏里州圣彼德斯堡镇为背景。7.Didn'ttheybeatyoulasttime?难道上一次他们没有战胜你们?8.Damingwasn'tchosenfortheteamlasttime.上一次大明没有入选这个队。9.Infact,hetrainedsohardthathehurthisfoot.事实上,他训练得如此艰苦以至于伤了他的脚。10.From2008on,hesufferedalotfromhisfootproblem.从2008年以来,他颇受脚伤的折磨。11.Itisapitythathisfootproblemstopped/kept/preventedhimfromcompetingthe2012LondonOlympicGames.真遗憾,他的脚伤阻止了他参加2012年伦敦奥运会。1.influence【典例在线】Don'tletmeinfluenceyourdecision.不要让我影响你的决定。Televisionhasastronginfluenceonpeople.电视对人们有很大影响。【拓展精析】influence既是动词又是名词,influencesb./sth.意思为“影响某人/某物”;haveaninfluenceonsb./sth.意思为“对某人/事有影响”也可表达为“makeadifferencetosb./sth.”【活学活用】(1)Inmyopinion,children'sactions__C__theirparents'feeling.A.decideB.dependonC.influenceD.effect(2)DengLijun'ssongshave_influenced(影响着)alotofpeople.2.suppose【典例在线】Isupposehewillcomebacknextweek.我想他下周就会回来了。YouaresupposedtoshakehandswhenyoumeetforthefirsttimeinAmerica.在美国你们第一次见面时应该握手。【拓展精析】suppose是动词“猜想;推测;相信;认为”。其常见用法有:①besupposedto表示“应该做某事,被期望做某事”。②supposesb./sth.tobe...意为“猜测”。③suppose+that从句意为“认为,猜想”。若主句的主语是第一人称时,变否定句时要否定前移,如think,believe一样。【活学活用】(3)Youwere__C__toclosethewindows.Whywereyousocareless?A.allowedB.believeC.supposedD.caused(4)青少年应该敢于质疑。(2014,兰州)Teenagersaresupposedtobebraveenoughtoaskquestions.3.break【典例在线】Andyoumustn'tbreakrules.你不能违反规定。Wewillhaveabreakafterclass.课后我们将会稍微休息一会儿。【拓展精析】break既可作名词,又可作动词,它的过去式和过去分词分别是broke和broken。动词(1)打碎;打破;使折断。breakthecup打碎茶杯(2)违背;违反。breakhisword违背了诺言(3)打破纪录;中断某事。breaktherecord打破纪录(4)(天)亮;(消息)突然传出。名词(1)间歇;休息时间(尤指工作期间)。(2)机会;运气(多用于口语中)。【活学活用】(5)EatinganddrinkingonBeijingsubwayisnotallowed.Ifyou__B__therule,you'llfaceafineofupto500yuan.(2014,东营)A.brokeB.breakC.willbreakD.havebroken(6)—Whyareyouwalkingtoschool?—Becausethebusbroke_downontheway.__C__A.stoppedtoworkB.ranslowlyC.didn'tworkD.sloweddown4.suffer【典例在线】Hesuffersfromseveraldiseasesatpresent.目前他身患几种疾病。Yesterdayhetoldalieagain,sohesufferedpunishment.昨天他又一次说谎,所以他遭受了惩罚。【拓展精析】suffer是及物动词,意为“受到,遭受”。sufferfrom意为“遭受……之苦;患……”。【活学活用】(7)Sheoften__B__headaches.You'dbettertakehertohospital.A.suffersB.suffersfromC.getsD.hasgot(8)Aftertheearthquake,he__A__losingmembersofthefamily.A.sufferedfromB.regrettedC.experiencedD.forgot1.We'restillinfluencedbyConfucius'sideas.我们仍然受孔子思想的影响。【典例在线】IwasaskedtostandoutsidebecauseIwaslate.我因为迟到被罚站在外面。Paperisusedformakingbooks.纸是被用来制书的。Youshouldbetaughttocook.你应该被教会做饭。【拓展精析】当表示“……被(做)”时,句子用被动语态来表达,即“动作的承受者+be+过去分词”。动词的被动语态也有各种时态,其时态的变化体现在be动词的形式上。一般现在时态的被动语态:am/is/are+动词的过去分词;一般过去时态的被动语态:was/were+动词的过去分词;一般将来时态的被动语态:will+be+动词的过去分词;过去完成时态的被动语态:hadbeen+动词的过去分词;现在完成时态的被动语态:have/hasbeen+动词的过去分词;含有情态动词的被动语态:情态动词+be+动词的过去分词。【活学活用】(1)—Tellmeonethingyou'reproudofinyourjuniorhighschool,Tony.(2014,嘉兴)—I__D__ascaptainoftheschoolfootballteam.A.chooseB.choseC.amchosenD.waschosen(2)—Haveyoumovedintothenewhouse?—Notyet.Therooms__C__.A.arepaintingB.havebeenpaintedC.arebeingpaintedD.ispainted1.usedto+v.原形【典例在线】Ithinkpeoplewhowriteforajobarenotasimportantastheyusedtobe.我认为为工作而写作的人不像过去时那样重要。Heusedtohaveawalkalongthebeachaftersupper.他过去常常在晚饭后沿着沙滩散步。【拓展精析】usedto表示“过去常常”,其后接动词原形,指“过去的习惯,而现在不这样了”。疑问句有两种形式:Did...useto...?或Used...to...?否定句也有两种形式:didn'tuseto或usedn'tto。要注意其与beusedto的区别:①当beusedto的主语是sb.时,相当于getusedto.。sb.+be/getusedto表示“某人习惯于……”,此时to为介词,其后接名词、代词或动词的ing形式。②当beusedto的主语是sth.时,sth.beusedto表示“某物被用来……”,这是被动语态的句子,to为不定式的标志,其后接动词原形,表示某物的用途,相当于“sth.+beusedfordoingsth.”。【活学活用】(1)—Whatdoyouusuallyhaveforbreakfast?(2014,随州)—Iusedto__D__dumplings,butthesedaysI'musedto________breadandmilk.A.eat;haveB.eating;havingC.eating;haveD.eat;having(2)Theforeignerhasbeenusedtoeating(