搜索
安徽工程大学机电学院毕业设计I年产1000吨苯甲醛工艺设计杨敏（安徽工程大学，化工2073，3072109327）摘要苯甲醛是重要的有机化合物，可用于合成药物、香料、化妆品、染料和农药等多种化工产品，应用领域非常广泛，对其进行制备方法的研究和理论性的探讨，不仅具有良好的经济效益，而且具有较高的学术价值，多年来一直是化学工作者研究的重点课题。反应绿色化、设备小型化、过程集成化是目前化学及化工行业发展的趋势，开发安全、清洁、高效的生产过程己成为化学、化工界的迫切任务。本文采用研究了在近临界水中，无催化剂条件下，用过氧化氢作为氧源，氧化甲苯生成苯甲醛。并进行一系列的物料衡算，能量衡算及简单的经济核算，从而设计出完整的工艺。绘制带主要控制点的工艺流程图，进行工段设备设计、选型，制备设备一览表。绘制主要设备结构图。在苯甲醛大规模生产的今天，有重要的意义。关键词：苯甲醛；近临界水；无催化剂；工艺流程；杨敏：年产1000吨苯甲醛工艺设计IIAnnualoutputof1,000tonsofbenzaldehydeproductionprocessYangmin(AnhuiPolytechnicUniversity,ChemicalEngineeringandTechnology2073,3072109327)AbstractAsanimportantspeciesoforganiccompoundbenzaldehydewaswidelyusedinsynthesisofmanykindsofchemicals，suchaspharmaceuticals，spiceries，cosmetics，dyes，pesticide，etc.Studyingtheoreticallyandpracticallyonthemethodsforitspreparationhasbeenallalongasignificantprojectforthechemist，sinceithasbothgoodeconomicbenefitsandhighacademicvalues.Atpresent，greenreaction，smallequipment，integratedprocessisthedevelopmenttrendofchemicalandchemicalindustry.Thedevelopmentofsafe，cleanandefficientproductionprocesshasbecomeanurgenttaskofchemistryandchemicalindustry.Then,thispaperfocusedontheconversionofthetoluenewasoxidizedtobenzaldehydeinsubcriticalwaterbyusinghydrogenperoxideandwithoutanycatalysts.Andaseriesofmaterialbalancecalculations,energyandsimpleeconomicaccounting,thusdesignedthecompleteprocess.Drawingprocesswiththemaincontrolpointmapforsectioninequipmentdesign,selection,preparationequipmentlist.Drawthemainequipmentstructure.Inthemassproductionofbenzaldehydetoday,thereisimportantsignificance.Keywords:benzaldehyde；subcriticalwater；nocatalysts；formaldehydeproductionprocess安徽工程大学机电学院毕业设计III目录引言.......................................................................................................................................-1-第1章绪论.........................................................................................................................-2-1.1苯甲醛的合成方法的研究进展....................................................................................-2-1.1.1氯化水解法..........................................................................................................-2-1.1.2甲苯的气相氧化法..............................................................................................-3-1.1.3甲苯的液相氧化法..............................................................................................-3-1.1.4苯甲醇氧化法......................................................................................................-3-1.1.5还原法..................................................................................................................-4-1.1.6间接电氧化法......................................................................................................-4-1.1.7超(近)临界流体法(SCF)......................................................................................-5-1.1.8综述......................................................................................................................-7-第2章工艺路线简介.........................................................................................................-8-2.1近临界水法制取苯甲醛的基础....................................................................................-8-2.2工艺流程简介...............................................................................................................-11-2.3工艺流程的特点..........................................................................................................-12-第3章物料衡算，能量衡算及简单的经济核算...........................................................-13-3.1物理性质......................................................................................................................-13-3.1.1甲苯（C7H8）....................................................................................................-13-3.1.2苯甲醛（C7H6O）.............................................................................................-13-3.1.3苯甲酸（C7H6O2）............................................................................................-13-3.1.4水（H2O）.........................................................................................................-14-3.2物料衡算......................................................................................................................-15-3.3能量衡算......................................................................................................................-19-第4章化工设备工艺参数计算.......................................................................................-21-4.1泵的工艺计算(输送过氧化氢的泵的计算)................................................................-21-4.2反应器的工艺计算（PFR）.......................................................................................-22-4.2.1管长的设计及计算............................................................................................-22-4.2.2则反应器规格的计算......................................................................................-22-4.2.3对反应器的恒压和恒温的计算........................................................................-23-4.3降压，降温器和过滤器的工艺计算..............................