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高考英语中主动表被动现象主动表被动：指形式无被动结构而含被动意义的主动形式，即句中某个名词或代词与某个动词存在逻辑动宾关系或为被动关系，用主动结构表被动意思。1.系动词没有被动形式,但有些系动词常表示被动意义。常见的有taste(吃起来),sound(听起来),prove(证明是),feel(摸上去感到),look(看起来)，smell(闻起来)remain等,例如:①Theflowerlooksugly.②Whatyousaidsoundsreasonable.③Thedishsmellsdelicious.④Thefoodtastesgood.⑤Thestoryprovedquitefalse.⑥Sheremainssilent.⑦Thismaterialfeelssoft.2.need,want,require（要求，需要）,deserve(应得，值得),beworth(值得），notbear(经不住)后面接doing主动表被动。相当于tobedone,e.g.Thebookisworthreading.Theoldbuildingrequiresrepairing.Theseyoungseedlingswillrequire/needlookingafter(=needtobelookedafter)carefully.Yourhairwants/needscutting(needstobecut).3.某些可以和well,easily,smoothly等副词连用的不及物动词如read,write,wash,clean,draw,burn,cook,sell,lock,open,shut,且主语是非生命的名词或代词,用主动结构表被动意思,e.g.①Thiskindofbooksellswell.②Thepenwritessmoothly.③Theclothwasheswell.④Thepoemreadssmoothly.⑤Thetabledoesn’tcleaneasily.⑥Thiskindofricecooksmoreeasilythanthatkind.⑦Thatdoorshutswell.4、一些与can’t(不能)或won’t(不会)连用的动词。常用的有:lock(锁住),shut(关上),open(打开),act(上演),write(写)，cut(砍，切)，wear(穿，戴)等,用作不及物动词时，用主动表被动。例如:Thedoorwon‘’topen.Itcan''tmove.它不能动。（这些动词与can’t,won’t等连用,表示事物“拒绝”我们要它们“做”的事.）5、在“therebe”句型中作主语的定语如果现在分词时，所用的现在分词要用主动表被动意义。Thereisnothingdoingthesedays.这些天没事干。Iseethere’sagoodideaplanning.我知道又在打好主意。7.“sb.hassth.todo”不定式作定语结构,也用主动结构表被动意思,此时主语与todo存在逻辑主谓关系,todo与宾语存在逻辑动宾关系,用公式表示为:“主语＋谓语＋宾语＋todo”主谓关系动宾关系①Hehasmanyproblemstosolve.②Whitehaslotsofthingstodo.③Ihavearoomtolivein.Hehasafamilytosupport.Tomislookingforaroomtolivein.8、不定式修饰作表语和宾语补足语的形容词时，结构：主语+系动词+形容词+不定式；动词+宾语+形容词+不定式。如果形容词是表示难易、利弊等含义，如difficult,easy,comfortable,convenient,hard,cheap,expensive,fit,necessary,dangerous等，不定式用主动表被动。Thequestionisdifficulttoanswer.Theworkiseasytodo.Ifoundthecarcomfortabletoridein.Thatmakespoetrydifficulttowrite.9、在betodosth结构中,这种结构中的不定式通常应用主动表被动。下列动词用不定式的主动形式表示被动意义:Whoistoblameforstartingthefire?这场火灾应由谁负责?Youaretoblamefortheaccident.你应为这事受动责备。Thehouseistolet.Alotremainstodo.10.在一些表语或定语的介词短语含被动意义,e.g.①be＋under＋n./doing,e.g.Thefirewasundercontrolatlast.②be＋onsale/show,e.g.ManynewtypesofcarsareonshowinBeijing.③be＋inthechargeof,e.g.Thefactoryisinthechargeofmybrother.11.“主语＋beworth＋doing”结构中,doing与主语存在动Thenovelisworthreadingagain.12.某些可以用于“主＋谓＋主补”结构的不及物动词,如blow,wear等,用主动结构表被动意思,e.g.①Thematerialhaswornthin.13、不及物动词的过去分词只表完成不表被动，因此在be+p.p.的句型中看似被动实际是主动。例如：begoneThedaysaregonewhenChinawasbothpoorandbackward.14、很多时候过去分词都变成了形容词,因此也是看似被动实际表主动,尤其是后边加介词更为多见。例如：beinterested(in…)类似的动词有：besurprised,beexcited,bepleased,besatisfied,bedisappointed,beshocked,bemoved,beamazed,befrightened,bedelighted,beashamed等。Exercises:choosethebestchoice.1.TherearemanygoodfilmsplayedbyChengLongthatareworth_____.A.tobeseenB.beingseenC.seeingD.tosee2.Thefood_____easilyandsells_____.A.cooks;wellB.iscooking;goodC.iscooked;wellD.cooked;good3.Thewindowsofthebuildingcan’t_____.,A.beclosedB.closeC.beclosingD.closedCAB15、某些特殊动词：1.beseated=sitdown,takeone’sseat就座Pleasebeseated,ladiesandgentlemen.女士们、先生们,请就座.Thewomanseatedbythewindowishismother.=Thewomansittingbythewindowishismother.这样的动词本来就是及物动词，而且后面可跟反身代词做宾语．Sheseatedherselfonthesofa.2.beprepared(for…)=prepare(for…);beready(for…)）（为…)准备好Shewaspreparedforanythingtohappen.她已准备好应付一切.Well-preparedfortheexam,allthestudentstookitconfidently.3.beworried(about…)=worry(about…)对…担心Shewasworriedabouthermissingson.=Sheworriedherselfabouthermissingson.4.bedressed(in…)=wear…穿着…Sheisdressedinredtoday.Hurryupandgetdressed!快点穿上衣服!5.beconcerned(about/with…)=careabout…/berelevantto…/beabout…关心…;与…有关联Weareallconcernedabouthishealth.We'reallconcernedforhersafety.Thisbookisconcernedwiththeadolescentcrime.5.besupposed(to…)=should应该AmIsupposedtocleanalltheroomsorjustthisone?=ShouldIcleanalltheroomsorjustthisone?6.bedevotedto=belovingorloyal热爱的;忠实的Sheisdevotedtoherchildren.她深爱她的孩子.Herlifewasdevotedtocaringforthesickandneedy.她一生都致力于关心照顾贫病交迫的人。7.beaddicted(to…)=bestronglyinterested(in…)对…上瘾Hewasaddictedtosmoking.8.beused(to…)习惯于…Afterthreeweeksshehadgotusedtotheextremeheat.9.beaccustomed(to…)=beused(to…)习惯（于….)Isoongotaccustomedtohisstrangeways.我不久就习惯了他那些奇怪的做法.Fillintheblankswiththeproperformofthegivenverbs:1.________(dress)inwhite,helookslikeadoctor.2.After_______(stay)herefor1year,he________________(accustom)tothehotweather.3.You_____________(suppose)toarriveherebefore8o’clock.4.Youcanpasstheexamaslongasyou________________(prepare,well)forit.5.Afterallthepeople____________(seat),thechairmanannouncedthestartofthemeeting.Dressedstayingisaccustomedaresupposedarewell-preparedwereseated