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Lesson29FunnyorNotWhetherwefindajokefunnyornotlargelydependsonwherewehavebeenbroughtup.我们觉得一则笑话是否好笑(名词性从句，作主语)，很大程度取决于我们是在哪儿长大的。Whetherthepopstarwillcome(ornot)isnotdecided.Yoursuccesswilllargelydependuponwhatyoudoandhowyoudoit.你的成功主要取决于你做的事情和做的方式。Thesenseofhumourismysteriouslyboundupwithnationalcharacteristics.AFrenchman,forinstance,mightfindithardtolaughataRussianjoke.幽默感与民族（性格）有着神秘莫测的联系。譬如，法国人听完一则俄国笑话可能很难发笑。Thefailureofthehousingmarketisboundupwiththedebtcrisis.HehasbecomeusedtotheideathathowhewillbejudgedasprimeministerisboundupwithwhathappensinIraq.Inthesameway,aRussianmightfailtoseeanythingamusinginajokewhichwouldmakeanEnglishmanlaughtotears.同样的道理（方式/情况），一则可以令英国人笑出泪来的笑话（定从），俄国人听了可能觉得没有什么可笑之处(未发现有趣之处)。failtodo失败；未做成neverfailtodo从未做不到;双重否定表示肯定Mostfunnystoriesarebasedoncomicsituations.Inspiteofnationaldifferences,certainfunnysituationshaveauniversalappeal.Nomatterwhereyoulive,youwouldfinditdifficultnottolaughat,say,CharlieChaplin’searlyfilms.大部分令人发笑的故事都是根据喜剧情节编写的。尽管民族不同，有些滑稽的情节却能产生普遍的效果。比如说，不管你生活在哪里，你看查理.卓别林的早期电影很难不发笑。bebasedon/upon…基于…inspiteof（=despiteof不管）comic喜剧的comicbookcomedy喜剧silentcomediescomedian喜剧演员clown小丑tragicadj.悲剧的tragedyn.悲剧universaladj.普遍的universalagentn.全权代理人universaltimen.(=GreenwichTime)世界时间,格林尼治时universalwheeln.万向轮universalityn.普遍性,一般性,多方面性,广泛性universallyadv.普遍地,全体地,到处However,anewtypeofhumour,whichstemslargelyfromtheU.S.,hasrecentlycomeintofashion.然而，近来一种新式幽默流行了起来，这种幽默主要来自美国。stemvi.[美]起源,发生n.植物的茎,干,花梗,叶柄stemsfrom=springfrom起源于=comefrom出身于,由...引起=arisefrom由...而引起,由...而产生=originatefrom由某人发起(首创)comeintofashion=becomefamouscomeintopower(开始)掌权,上台comeintobeing使产生,使出现,建立,成立Itiscalled‘sickhumour.Comediansbasetheirjokesontragicsituationslikeviolentdeathorseriousaccidents.它被叫作“病态幽默”。喜剧演员根据悲剧情节诸如暴死，重大事故等来编造笑话。baseAonB：把A建立在B的基础上humourn.幽默（等于humor）illhumour情绪不佳goodhumour愉快的心情blackhumour（=darkcomedy）黑色幽默coldhumour冷笑话crackajoke开玩笑beyondajoke并非戏言Manypeoplefindthissortofjokedistasteful.Thefollowingexampleof‘sickhumour”willenableyoutojudgeforyourself.许多人认为这种笑话是低级庸俗的。下面是个“病态幽默”的实例，你可据此自己作出判断。distastefuladj.讨厌的（adv.distastefully）unpleasantadj.使人不愉快的,讨厌的displeasingadj.使人不愉快的,令人发火的I'llgiveyouallthefactssothatyoucanjudgeforyourself.AmanwhohadbrokenhisrightlegwastakentohospitalafewweeksbeforeChristmas.圣诞节前几周，某人摔断了右腿(定从)被送进医院。Fromthemomenthearrivedthere,hekeptonpesteringhisdoctortotellhimwhenhewouldbeabletogohome.从他进医院那一刻时，他就缠住医生，让医生告诉他什么时候能回家。pesterv.一再要求，纠缠(同义词：annoy,worry,bother,disturb,bug,torment,harass)pestersb.todosth.麻烦某人做某事pestersb.withsth.以某事烦扰某人pestersb.forsth.缠住某人讨取某物Theboykept/keptonaskingsomesillyquestionsinclass.HedreadedhavingtospendChristmasinhospital.他十分害怕在医院过圣诞。dread+名词,动名词,动词不定式--Weweredreadinghisarrival.--Hedreadedhavingtomeethisparents.--Idreadtothinkwhatwillhappenifhefindsout.dreadfuladj.令人恐惧的,令人不快的--adreadfuldisaster可怕的灾难indreadof….害怕某人[某事]--Weareindreadofinsects.（insectn.昆虫）Thoughthedoctordidhisbest,thepatient’srecoverywasslow.OnChristmasDay,themanstillhadhisrightleginplaster.Hespentamiserabledayinbedthinkingofallthefunhewasmissing.尽管医生竭力医治，但病人恢复缓慢。圣诞节那天，他的右腿还上着石膏，他在床上郁郁不乐地躺了一天，想着他错过的种种欢乐。amiserableday=aterribledayThefollowingday,however,thedoctorconsoledhimbytellinghimthathischancesofbeingabletoleavehospitalintimeforNewYearcelebrationsweregood.然而，第二天，医生安慰他说，出院欢度新年的可能性还是很大的。consolev.安慰,慰问consolationn.安慰consolationletter/spiritualconsolationIcanconsolemyselfwiththefactthatI'mnotalone.我可以用不只我一个人的这种事实来安慰自己。Themantookheartand,sureenough,onNewYear’sEvehewasabletohobblealongtoaparty.那人听后振作了精神。果然，除夕时他可以一瘸一拐地去参加晚会了。--Ihurtmyfootwhilegettingoffthebus,andhadtohobblehome.我在下公共汽车时脚受了伤,只好一拐一拐地走回家。hobblen.困难,窘惑--bein(getinto)ahobble陷于窘境Tocompensateforhisunpleasantexperiencesinhospital,themandrankalittlemorethanwasgoodforhim.为了补偿住院这一段不愉快的经历，那人喝得稍许多了一点。compensatev.补偿to表示目的性inordertotocompensatesb.for为…向某人赔偿intheprocessof…在...的过程中Intheprocess,heenjoyedhimselfthoroughlyandkepttellingeverybodyhowmuchhehatedhospitals.Hewasstillmumblingsomethingabouthospitalsattheendofthepartywhenheslippedonapieceoficeandbrokehisleftleg.在晚会上(过程中)他尽情娱乐，一再告诉大家他是多么讨厌医院。晚会结束时，他嘴里还在嘟哝着医院的事，突然踩到一块冰上滑倒了，摔断了左腿。Hemumbledafewwords.HecouldhearthelowmumbleofNavarro'svoice.Comprehensionquestions1.Whatwasthesenseofhumormysteriouslyboundupwith?Nationalcharacteristics.2.WouldaFrenchfinditeasytolaughataRussianjoke?No,hewouldn’t.3.WouldaRussianfindanEnglishjokefunny?No,hewouldn’t.4.Whataremostfunnystoriesbasedon?Comicsituations.5.Whatkindofappealdocertainfunnysituationshave?Auniversalappeal.6.WouldmostpeoplelaughatCharlieChaplin'searlyfilms?Yes,theywould.7.Wheredoesthenewkindofhumorcomefrom?TheUSA8.Whatisthenewkindofhumorcalled?Sickhumor.9.Whatdocomediansbasetheirjokeson?Tragicsituationslikeviolentdeathorseriousaccidents.10.Whatdomanypeoplethinkofthiskindofhumor?Theyfinditdistasteful.11.Amanwastakentohospital.Why?When?Becausehehadbrokenhisrightleg.AfewweeksbeforeChristmas.13.Whydidhekeeppesteringhisdoctor?toaskwhenhewouldbeabletogohome.