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Unit8BusinessEnglishMARKETLEADERVocabularyTypesofmarketReadingThecarmarketinChinaLanguagefocus1ComparativesandsuperlativesListeningDoingbusinessinRussiaLanguagefocus2much/alotalittle/abit•SkillsParticipatingindiscussions•CasestudyCaraCosmeticsThemarketcamewiththedawnofcivilizationanditisnotaninventionofcapitalism.Ifitleadstoimprovingthewell-beingofthepeople,thereisnocontradictionwithsocialism.MikhailGorbachevLookatthepiechartandanswerthesequestions.AAsia3,683(61%)Africa784(13%)NorthAmerica310(5%)LatinAmerica/Caribbean519(8.5%)Oceania30(0.5%)Africa784(13%)Asia3,683(61%)Africa784(13%)NorthAmerica310(5%)LatinAmerica/Caribbean519(8.5%)Oceania30(0.5%)Africa784(13%)Populationbyregion(inmillions)Nowaskandanswerotherquestionsaboutthechart.BStartingup•1.WhatisthepopulationofNorthAmerica?•ThepopulationofNorthAmericaisthreehundredandtenmillion.2.Whatpercentageoftheworld’spopulationlivesinEurope?Twelvepercentoftheworld’spopulationlivesinEurope.8.1Listenandreportthesenumbers.A1,255,500onemilliontwohundredandfifty-fivethousandfivehundred10.5%tenpointfivepercentVocabulary---TypesofmarketListenandunderlinethecorrectnumbers.B1lastyearthecompanyhadamarketshareof10.3/103percent2lastyearsalesofthemainbrandincreasesby30/13percent3lastyearthecompanysoldmorethan850,000/815,000unitsofSparkle4.Thecompanywantstoincreaseitsmarketshareto11.5/11.9percent.5Nextyearthecompanywantstosell1,100/1,100,000unitsofSparkle.Vocabularyfilepage152ExercisewithnumbersReadthefollowingnumbers:8152791355334731,2048,5166,1217,94810,35782,71091,662424,374901,845110,79137,404,700,6092,504,98623,419,340Afternetincomefell____$0.25min1995.therewasastrongincreasein1996duetoincreasedsalesandreducedcosts.Thiswasfollowedbyafurtherincrease_____netincome___$0.7moverthenexttwoyears:itgrewsteadily_____$1.4min1996____$2.1min199805010015020025094年95年96年97年98年byinoffromtoMatchthebeginningsofthesentences1to5withtheirendingsa)toe).•Coca-colaisamassmarketproduct;it•Sellingspecialinterestholidaysisanichemarket;it•Rolexwatchessellinaluxurymarket;theyare•Anexportmarket•Ahomemarketa)isasmallbutoftenprofitablemarketb)isoutsidetheproducer’scountryc)isintheproducer’scountryd)highqualityandexpensivegoodse)sellstolargenumbersofpeopleCvocabularyNowthinkofproductswhichmatchthetypesofmarketinExerciseC.•Nikeshoessellinamassmarket.•Ferrarisportscarsarealuxurymarketproduct.DvocabularyMatchthebeginningsofthesentences1to5withtheirendingsa)toe).E1.Anewmarket2.Agrowingmarket3.Aprofitablemarket4.Abigmarket5.Anattractivemarketa)islargeb)allowscompaniestomakemoneyc)isgoodtoenterd)isgettinglargere)isatanearlystageNowchooseadjectivesfromExerciseEtodescribethemarketsinyourcountryforthefollowingproducts.Themarketforlaptopcomputersisamaturemarket.Sellingholidaysabroadisagrowingmarket.Glaptopcomputersholidaysabroadvideophonesself-helpbooksbicyclesbeautyproductsVocabularyfilepage151vocabularyFMatchtheadjectivesfromExerciseEwiththeiroppositemeaningsa)toe).a)unattractiveb)unprofitablec)matured)declininge)small53124ByOliverAugustinBeijing•Edwardzong,China’sPorschesalesman,isreadyforthebiggestboominthecarbusinesssinceHenryFord.Only1percentofthe1.3billionChineseownacar,butsalesare50percentmorethanayearago.•Asaresult,thecountryisnowthebiggestmarketforsomecarmanufacturers,andyoucanreadabouttheendofthe‘bicycleage’inChinesenewspapers.•InBeijingalone,about4,000newcarsarriveeveryweekand600,000newdriverswillgetlicencesthisyear.Thisisariseof40percent.Salesof3millionvehiclesthisyearwillmakeChinathefourthlargestmarketintheworld.Reading---ThecarmarketinChinaSomecarmakersneedChineseconsumers.VolkswagenwillsellmorecarsinChinathaninGermanythisyear,andPorschehopestodoubleitssalesto60carsnextyear.•WhenMr.Zongwasyoung,childrenplayedballgamesonBeijing’sbigroads.Peopledidn’townprivatecarsandonlygovernmentdrivers,suchasMr.Zong’sfather,wentfasterthanbicycles.•ThesedaysMr.Zongwaitsincartrafficforanhouronhiswaytoworkeverymorning.Themillionsofbicyclescausegreatproblemsforothertraffic.Thegovernmentplanstodestroymanyoldareasandchangesingle-laneroadsintoeight-lanehighways.•Thisyear,Mr.Zongpurchasedhisfirstcar,for￡12,000-aJeepCherokee.HewantedaPorsche,butwithapriceofmorethan￡90,000,thisisdistantdreamforhim.•FromTheTimesreadingFindthesenumbersinthearticle.Writetheminfigures.1.Onepointthreebillion2.fourthousand3.Sixhundredthousand4.sixty5.Twelvethousandpounds6.ninetythousandpoundsAreading1.3billion/1,300,000,000(line6)4,000(line16)600,000(line17)60(line29)￡12,000(line51)￡90,000(line54)WhatdoeseachnumberinExerciseAreferto?B1.1.3billion–thenumberofpeopleinChina2.4,000–thenumberofnewcarsthatarriveeveryweekinBeijing.3.600,000–thenumberofnewdriverswhogetlicencesthisyear.4.60–thenumberofcarsPorschehopestosellnextyear5.￡12,000–thepriceofaJeepCherokee6.￡90,000–thepriceofaPorsche.readingReadthearticlecarefullyandcompletethesesentences.1.CarsalesinChinaare___ayearago.a)thesameasb)higherthanc)lowerthan2.Chinaisabigmarketfor___.a)Fordb)Volkswagenc)Porsche3.Thenumberof___causesproblemforothertraffic.a)carsb)animalsc)bicycles4.Thegovernmentwantstoma