64自然拼读法(Phonics)基本规则

1自然拼读法(Phonics)基本规则自然拼读法基本规则:1.二十六个字母的读音(LetterSounds).五个元音字母(a,e,i,o,u),每个发两种音：长音（其字母音）和短音y不在单词开头时，一般被看做元音2.单元音单词拼读(Consonant-Vowel-ConsonantCombinations)如果一个英语单词或音节里只有一个元音,且元音不在末尾，这个元音一般发短音.如：Sam,cat,mat,等等．EndingConsonantsOneVowelWord,ShortVowelSoundsBeginningConsonants3.双元音单词拼读(TwoVowelWords):一个单词或音节里有两个元音时，一般来说，前边一个元音发长音（其字母音），后边一个元音不发音．如:make,mail,may,hay,say,see,sea,meet,meat,key,five,nine,tie,road,coat,toe,cute等等．4.双/三辅音在一起时的联读(ConsonantBlends)Beginningconsonantblends(bl,br,cl,cr,dr,fl,fr,gl,fr,pl,pr,sc,sk,sl,sm,sn,sp,st,sw,tr,tw,scr,spl,str)Endingconsonantblends(ft,lf,lm,lp,lt,mp,nd,nk,nt,pt,sk,st)Wordsendinginll,ss,ffConsonantdigraphs(ch,th,sh,wh)5.特殊读法(1)–带元音的特殊读法(IrregularVowels)igh,ing,ind,ild,ar,or,oi,oy,alt,alk,ost,old,er,ir,ur,ew,sion,tion,eigh,all,ow,ow,ou,ay,ous,ed,ed(t),ed(d),aw,au,oo,oo2以上字母组合作为整体音节发音。需记住它们所发的音。Examples:ar(car,far),air(hair),are(hare),au,augh(caught),aw(hawk)al,all(all,tall,mall,hall),alk(talk,walk),alt(halt,salt),ay(may,play)ew(new,few),eigh(eight,weight),ed:says/ed/:patted,landed,liftedsays/t/:walked,hopped,stoppedsays/d/:cried,played,cheweder(sister,brother),ir(girl,fir,firm),ur(burn,hurt)ie(field),ing(king,sing,dancing),ind(find,kind,behind),ild(mild,wild,child),igh(high,night,light),ireoi(oil,boil),oy(boy,toy),old(old,cold),ost(most,host),olt,oo(book),oo(tool,school),or(or,for,horn),ow(读音一：cow,now,how,bow；读音二：bow,low,blow,snow),ou(shout,out,loud)ould(could,would),ough(五种不同的读音：cough,through,ought,slough,plough),ought,,ous(famous,nervous),ue(cruel),ui(fluid)tion(attention,fiction),sion(passion,expression),endingsounds:ang,ong,ung,edge,le6.特殊读法(2)如果一个单词或音节里只有一个元音,而且元音在末尾，这个元音一般发长音（其字母音）(Vowelattheend)．如：me,hi,go,baby,table,humor，hibernate等等。3Y在末尾(作为元音处理）（yattheend）：u单音节词,没有其他元音，y发”I”(onesyllableword,yattheend(pronouncedas“I”)):my,why,fly,skyu多音节词,y发”E”的音(twoormoresyllables,yattheend(pronouncedas“E”)):daddy,mommy,baby，honey,crazy7.特殊读法(3)-固定读音的单词(SightWord):is,are,the,a,to,here,hey,have,son,love,come,give,field……等.它们不遵守前边的发音规则，需要死记硬背。8.特殊读法(4)–辅音的特殊读法有一些辅音不发音(silentconsonants)．uSilentb:comb,lambuSilenth:ghostuSilentk:knife,knock,knob,know…uSilentw:write,wrist,wreck…c和k在一起时，发一个音:quick,black等.q总是和u在一起：quite,quick,quit,quilt等.之所以指出这一点,是在这里u不能再被认为是元音,而是和q一起组成一个辅音组合.于是,在quite这个单词里只有两个元音,是双元音单词,第一个元音i发字母音,第二个元音e不发音.p和h在一起,发/f/的音:phone,photo.复数s及末尾s的读音(Pluralsandthesoundsofendings)c和g的两种读音:u如果i(或y)或者e跟在c或者g的后边,c发/s/,g发/j/的音:center,cigar,nice,mice,gem,giant,gym,page.u其他情况下,c发/k/,g发/g/:can,clap,cup,great,glad,got,goat,log.u特殊情况：get,give49.多音节单词和复合词(Wordswithmultiplesyllablesandcompoundwords)多音节单词:believe,multiple,syllable,compound复合词:homework,highway,sidewalk,inside,outside