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Chapter2CoalbedMethaneinthePowderRiverBasin,WyomingandMontana:AnAssessmentoftheTertiary-UpperCretaceousCoalbedMethaneTotalPetroleumSystemByRomeoM.FloresU.S.GeologicalSurveyDigitalDataSeriesDDS–69–CU.S.DepartmentoftheInteriorU.S.GeologicalSurveyChapter2ofTotalPetroleumSystemandAssessmentofCoalbedGasinthePowderRiverBasinProvince,WyomingandMontanaByUSGSPowderRiverBasinProvinceAssessmentTeam�������������������VolumeTitlePageU.S.DepartmentoftheInteriorGaleA.Norton,SecretaryU.S.GeologicalSurveyCharlesG.Groat,DirectorVersion1.02004ForsalebyU.S.GeologicalSurvey,InformationServicesBox25286,DenverFederalCenterDenver,CO80225Thispublicationisalsoavailableonlineat:=0-607-98080-XIIIContentsIntroduction...................................................................................................................................................1GeneralGeology..................................................................................................................................1Hydrogeology.......................................................................................................................................7TotalPetroleumSystem.............................................................................................................................10SourceRock................................................................................................................................................10Maturation...................................................................................................................................................14MigrationSummary....................................................................................................................................17ReservoirRocks..........................................................................................................................................17CoalbedReservoirs...........................................................................................................................17SandstoneReservoirs.......................................................................................................................19SedimentologyofReservoirRocks.................................................................................................22TrapsandSeals...........................................................................................................................................22AssessmentUnits.......................................................................................................................................22WasatchFormationAssessmentUnit,50330181..........................................................................22UpperFortUnionFormationAssessmentUnit,50330182............................................................26LowerFortUnion–LanceFormationsAssessmentUnit,50330183............................................38EasternBasinMarginUpperFortUnionSandstoneAssessmentUnit,50330101..................44ResultsofCoalbedMethaneAssessmentinthePowderRiverBasin.....................................50Summary......................................................................................................................................................50ReferencesCited........................................................................................................................................54Figures1.GeneralizedgeologicmapofthePowderRiverBasininMontanaandWyoming.CrosssectionsA–A’,B–B’,C–C’,andD–D’showninfigures13,14,15,and18...........................22.StratigraphiccolumnoftheUpperCretaceousandTertiaryrockunitsinthePowderRiverBasin,WyomingandMontana,includingtheTotalPetroleumSystemandassessmentunits.............................................................................................................................33.Generalizedstratigraphiccolumnshowinggenerallithology,coals,andcoalzonesoftheUpperCretaceousandTertiaryrocksinthePowderRiverBasin,WyomingandMontana......44.PaleogeographyofthePowderRiverBasinandadjoiningareasduringdepositionoftheUpperCretaceousLanceFormation....................................................................................................55.PaleogeographyofthePowderRiverBasinandadjoiningareasduringdepositionofthePaleoceneTongueRiverMemberoftheFortUnionFormation......................................................66.ArealdistributionoftheclinkersofcoalbedsoftheWyodak-Anderson,Knobloch,andRosebud-RobinsoncoalzonesintheeasternandnorthernPowderRiverBasininWyomingandMontana.......................