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1Fivebasicsentencepatterns五大基本句型一．五大基本句型：1.Ido.S+V（主语+谓语动词）2.Youarebeautiful/handsome.S+V+C（主语+动词+主语补足语）即“主系表”3.Iloveyou.S+V+O（主语+谓语+宾语）4.Youmakemehappy.S+V+O+C（主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语）5.Iwillgiveyouakiss.S+V+O+O（主语+谓语+宾语+宾语）二．具体讲解1.基本句型一：S十V主谓结构这种句型中的动词大多是不及物动词：appear,apologize,arrive,come,die,disappear,fall,happen,rise等如：学生们学习很努力。_____________________________________2.基本句型二:S十V十C主系表结构常见的系动词有：①be动词(是)；②感官动词:look(看起来),feel(感到),smell(闻起来),;taste(尝起来),sound(听起来);③表示状态的:seem(似乎),appear(似乎，好像),keep(保持）,remain(仍是),stay(继续处于...状态)等等。④表示转变或结果的:get(变得),become(成为),turn(变得),go(变成),grow(渐渐变得),fall(变得),prove(证明)1)我们在任何时候都应该保持安静。Weshould____________________anytime.2)这种食物尝起来很糟糕。_________________________________________________.3)春天到了，天气变得越来越暖和。Springcomes.Itis______________________________.4)不要吃那种食物，它已经变质了。Don'thavethefood._______________________________.3.基本句型三:S十V十O主谓宾结构1)我昨天看了一部电影。________________________________________________.2）这些孩子他们照看得很好。Theyhave_________________________ofthechildren．4.基本句型四:S十V十间接宾语“人”十直接宾语“物”结构1）昨天她父亲给她买了一辆自行车作为生日礼物。Yesterdayherfather________________________________________asabirthdaypresent.2)Theoldman_____________________________intheLongMarch.(正在给孩子们讲故事)注意：这种句型还可转换为：S+V＋直接宾语“物”＋for/tosb.+间接宾语“人”1)请把你的画给我看一下。Pleaseshowmeyourpicture.==Please_____________________________________.22)我买了本书给他。I______________abook.=I_______abook__________.间接宾语前需要加to的常用动词有：bring,give,hand,lend,offer,pass,pay,read,sell,send,show,teach,tellwish,write等。间接宾语前需要加for的常用动词有：buy,choose,make,order,paint,play(演奏)，sing,等。5.基本句型五:S十V十O十C主谓宾宾补结构此句型句子的共同特点是：动词虽然是及物动词，但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思，必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语。如call（叫）,choose（选）,find（发现）,make,name(命名)等词。1）请让孩子们安静下来。Keep________________________,please.2）他们把门漆成绿色。Theypainted____________________.3)我们必须保持我们的学校洁。Wemust__________________________.4)我们发现他是一个懒惰的人。Wefound_______________________..5)他要我早点回来。Heaskedme_______________________soon.注意：动词make,let,see,hear,等后面接动词不定式作宾补时，省略to。如：1)Theboss________________________allday.(迫使他劳动)2)Wesaw______________.(他出去)这些词有：一感feel二听hear,listento三让(使)：let,make,have四看：see,lookat,watch,notice三．练习：I:判断下面各句分别属于简单句的哪种基本句型：1.Theyworkhard.2.Theflowerisdead.3.Plantsneedwater.4.Hegivesmesomeseeds.5.Weshouldkeeptheplantsintheshade.6.MynameisLiKang.7.IliveinShijiazhuang.8.I’mwritingdownmythoughtsaboutit.9.MsShengaveusinstructions.10.Wemadehimmonitor.11.Yoursisterdancesbeautifully.12.Doingthatwouldbeplayingwithfire.13.Iwilltellmyfriendstoprotecttheenvironment.14.Theykepttheirmarriageasecret.15.Shegavemehertelephonenumber.16.Goodfoodkeepsyouhealthy.17.Iadvisewaitingtilltherighttime.18.Didyousleepwell?19.Horse-ridingandshootingaresomeofthemoreunusualevents.20.Popmusicmakespeoplefeeleasyandforgetabouttherealworld.3II:翻译下列句子：1.花（闻起来）香。2.昨夜发生火灾。3.我们希望通过大学入学考试.4.妈妈给我买了一双鞋。5.我们要使我们的祖国变得更加美丽。6.你应当努力学习。7.她昨天回家很晚。8.我的兄弟都是大学生。9.冬季白天短，夜晚长。10.我不信任那个人。11.圣诞节我们将去看望外籍教师。12.Johnson先生去年教我们德语。13.奶奶昨晚给我们讲了一个有趣的故事。14.我们叫她Alice.15.他的父母给他取名为John.III:Alettertoafriend英国女孩Jenny想在中国找一位笔友。请你根据表格中的内容,以李洋的名义给Jenny写一封80词左右的信。信的开头与结尾已给出,不计入要求词数,内容可适当发挥。Name:LiYangAge:13Family:father,motherandIFavouritehobbies:swimmingandskatingOtherfavouritethings:Greenandyellow,riceanddumplings,dogsandbirds其他内容：1.yourage,height,appearance(年龄，身高，外貌)2.yourhobbies(爱好)3.yourfamilyandyourhome(家庭)4.yourdream(梦想)DearJenny,Howareyou?Iamgladtomakefriendswithyou.Letmeintroducemyselfatfirst._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiYang