化学镀镍特性

No.10081RonParkinson1299%33.199%92%8%3%~12%2%~5%6%~9%10%~13%10.5%XNi3p323218.9/33%8.25/311%7.75/3132214552145511%8800.2%323pH33247.810-61043010-610010-6150260280325511%2603263%22.3m/(m)11%11.1m/(m)1417m/(m)33316500~720K100150~400HK100345~4001%10%17850~950HK100892%71125691013400425375400375400332Taber1000TaberTWI10TaberWatts333111%~2.5%334Brenner-Senderoff123410%2550~70441/13141%~2%6%~8%10%~11%22100N02200(200)LPENMPHPS31600(316SS)45NaOH+5%NaCl@4045NaOH+5%NaCl@14035NaOH@9350NaOH@9373NaOH@12025800515151035353612303119178487408132943569453341448642795208383327N02200200S31600316SSS31600N0220019861234075ASTMB733ASTMB11724~48800.4MPa(60psi)Gulf18200000150001534%7%9575mm380L/min1.75m/sS31600NO80202050NO2200N0220059Rc68RcS31600N08020N02200105.550pH5.670S31600N022007515850%35pH8.5/1.83m/s7550%wtG41400ASTMA193-72510070%N02200504.91.061cm405007535cm76cm0.5cm50417402512575310531%19%S31600S31600S3160042FDAFDA10%12%45Rc58Rc19/5402002.510%10%12%4.315%//250//75222355%8020MN/m2(3000psi)375Ghawar75751062606KhuffKhuff,,6%(mol)0.1%(mol)28L/Mm37L/Mm335MN/Mm25000psi906//35257565024100/50100/30000504260N06985G-365260/257575G86300AISI8630318262725~754419765~92828255062Rc65RcU30/////300008000000100%45S41000425PrattWhitneyJT-8D(9%11%)S410008165800JT8DPrattWhitneyJT-8DK14675AMS630431425825PrattWhitney2037/F11732S41000PrattWhitneyS41000816AllisonTF41480250400OPrattWhitneyTF-30A/BG.E.J75G.E.TF-34-400NO6625Inconel625727816DC1010DM80F18F-15EagleLantrin34A03560A35612.2%12.7%751254870MN/m2(700010000psi)727767DC1010LockheedC-5250CH-46G4130041303003756~122304.45MN1000000pbs1001214185435G414004140/46199132501993440019951.520%25%361015/37TO3TO338520.890.382.50.50.05100%58Rc80%230/39520006000380151%5%0.10.20.250.50.250.3547471751254721.25-2.55005506505759Rc42900140050%312ABS10%12%5047325504741000100000/////5411.2g/cm3(m3)50m316N02200(200)1270m1000m0.320.761.93.818.937.960.01.01.52.03.05.010.016.01.21.62.02.94.58.512.01.62.43.45.510.621.332.11.72.33.04.18.015.022.04.57.19.014.030.056.078.05.56.510.513.035.759.081.07.09.013.318.742.560.475.32(3m,)4050m31640*1270m**N02200(200)402(5.08cm)1.004.005.007.0514.3514.4524.003(7.62cm)1.756.459.0011.8019.4022.7542.006(15.24cm)3.7513.3518.7527.7543.3063.25112.50*0.4~0.6cm**0.3~0.36cm35005/81.59cm1/2(8.9cm)ASTMA3071.0G41400ASTMA193B71.8G41400ASTMA193B7*3.2G41400ASTMA193B7**2.3G41400ASTMA320L76.3G41400ASTMA320L7*7.2G41400ASTMA320L7**6.8S31600ASTMA193B8M7.0N0220020040.5*20~25m**15~20m1.Paracelsus-DritteDefension(1538)2.J.Doull.Isitsafe?ChemicalIndustryInst.ofTox.1996Founders'AwardLecture.CIITActivities,16(5),p.2(1996)3.FundamentalsofAquaticTox,ed.byG.M.Rand,2ndEdition,TaylorandFrancis:London(1995)4.CassarettandDoull'sToxicology,M.O.Amdur,J,DoullandC.Klaassen(eds.),4thedition.PergamonPress:NewYork(1991)5.J.Timbrell.IntroductiontoToxicology,2ndEdition,TaylorandFrancis:London(1995)6.OccupationalToxicology,ed,byN.H.Stacey,TaylorandFrancis:London(1993)7.E.NieboerandG.G.Fletcher.Determinantsofreactivityinmetaltoxicology,Chap.7inToxicologyofMetals,ed.ByL.W.Change.LewisPublishers:NewYork(1996)8.G.Oberdorster.LungParticleOverload:Implicationsforoccupationalexposurestoparticles.Reg.Tox.andpharm.,17,123-135(1995)9.B.MacMahonandT.E.Pugh.Epidemiology:PrciplesandMethods.Little&Brown:Boston(1970)10.N.E.Bresolw&N.E.Day.Stat.MethodsinCancerResearchVol.TheDesignandAnalysisofCohortStudies.IARCPubl.No.82,InternationalAgencyforResearchonCancer:Lyon(1987)11.C.H.HennekensandJ.E.Buring.EpidemiologyinMedicine,Little,Brown&Co.:Boston(1980)12.H.Checkoway,N.Pearce,D.J.Crawford-Browm.ResearchMethodsinOccupationalEpidemiologyOxfordUniv.Press:NewYork(1989)13.R.R.Monson.OccupationalEpidemiology,2ndEd.,CRCPress:BocaRaton(1990)14.J.Vincent.AerosolScienceforIndustrialHygienists.Pergamon:Oxford(1995)15.E.Nieboer.Analyst,117,550(1992)16.V.J.Zatka,J.S.WarnerandD.Maskery.ChemicalSpeciationofNickelinAirborneDusts:AnalyticalMethodandResultsofanInterlaboratoryTestProgram.Environ.Sci.Technol.,26,1;138-144(1992)17.J.M.Duke.NickelinRocksandOresinNickelintheEnvironment,ed.ByJ.Nriagu.JohnWiley&Sons:NewYork(1980)18.Nickel.CommitteeonMedicalandBiologicEffectsofEnv.Pollutants.NationalAcademyofSciences:Washington(1975)19.J.A.SchmidtandA.W.Andren,TheAtmosphericChemistryofNiinNickelintheEnvironment,op.cit.20.F.W.Sunderman.NickelpoisoninginLaboratoryDiagnosisofDiseasesCausedbyToxicAgentsbyF.W.SundermanandF.W.Sunderman,Jr.W.H.GreenInc.:St.Louis(1970)21.1996TLVsandBEIs.ACGIH:Cincinnati(1996)22.Patty'sIndustrialHygieneandToxicology,3rdedition,Vol.IIA,JohnWileyandSons:NewYork,1798(1981)23.Nickel:EnvironmentalHealthCrteria118,WHO,Geneva,p.263(1991)24.NickelProducersEnv.ResearchAssoc.AllergicContactDermatitisofNickel,workshophelpinBrussels,March17-18,199725.T.Daldrup,K.HaarchoffandS.C.Szathmary.Beitr.gerichtl.med.,41,14126.F.W.Suderman.Jr.,B.Dingle,S.M.HopperandT.Swift.Ann.J.Ind.Med.,14,257(1988)27.R.E.TedeschiandF.W.Sunderman.Arch.Ind.Healty,16,486(1957)28.P.J.Nodiya.Gig.iSan't.,37,108(1972)29.R.E.G.Rendall,J.I.PhillipsandR.A.Renton.Ann.Occup.Hyg.,38,921-930(1994)30.Re