基于嵌入式系统的铅酸蓄电池充电控制器设计

基于嵌入式系统的铅酸蓄电池充电控制器设计绪论铅酸蓄电池作为一种可重复使用的储能设备得到了广泛的应用，但是充电一直是影响其使用寿命的关键问题。因此，本文致力于研究并设计一种快速、安全、智能的蓄电池充电控制器。本文根据充电系统的功能要求和技术指标，进行了总体方案设计。蓄电池充电控制器的控制方式采用基于时下最常用的嵌入式ARM7微处理器LPC2292的数字控制。充电系统采用多模式充电控制策略，分别为激活充电、大电流快速充电、过充电和浮充电四种模式。根据充电系统的总体方案，对充电控制器的硬件和软件进行了详细的设计与实现。硬件部分主要充电控制器的驱动电路，采样电路，保护电路以及辅助电源的设计。软件部分主要包括介绍了μC/OS-II实时操作系统在ARM7上的移植和各个软件模块包括A/D采样、控制器数据的处理以及数据在LCD显示等程序的实现。关键字：嵌入式；铅蓄电池；充电控制器；LPC2292ABSTRACTAsareusableenergystoragedevicetothelead-acidbatteryhasbeenwidelyused,butthechargehasbeenakeyissueistheimpactofitsusefullife.Therefore,thispaperiscommittedtoresearchanddesignafast,safe,smartbatterychargecontroller.Accordingtothechargingsystemfunctionalrequirementsandtechnicalspecifications,thedesignoftheoverallprogram.BatterychargecontrollercontrolamongthemostcommonlyusedembeddedARM7microprocessorLPC2292-baseddigitalcontrol;chargingsystemusingmulti-modechargingcontrolstrategy,wereactivatedcharging,high-currentfastcharge,over-chargeandfloatingchargefourmode.Accordingtothegeneralschemeofthechargingsystem,adetaileddesignandimplementationofthehardwareandsoftwareofthechargecontroller.Thehardwarepartofthemainchargeofthedrivingcircuitofthecontroller,thesamplingcircuit,theprotectioncircuitandanauxiliarypowersupplydesign.ThesoftwarepartincludesARM7transplantofμC/OS-IIreal-timeoperatingsystemandsoftwaremodules,includingtheA/Dsampling,thecontrollerdataprocessinganddataintheLCDdisplayprogramrealization.Keywords:embedded;lead-acidbatteries;chargecontroller;LPC22921绪论..............................................................................................................................................11.1研究背景及意义................................................................................................................11.2蓄电池充电装置的研究现状............................................................................................11.3蓄电池充电方法的研究....................................................................................................21.3.1恒流充电方式..........................................................................................................21.3.2恒压充电方式..........................................................................................................21.3.3浮充方式..................................................................................................................21.3.4涓流充电方式..........................................................................................................31.3.5分阶段充电方式......................................................................................................31.4本文研究内容.....................................................................................................................32蓄电池充电控制器的总体方案设计.........................................................................................42.1充电控制器的功能和技术要求........................................................................................42.2蓄电池充电控制器的总体方案........................................................................................42.3充电主电路拓扑结构分析................................................................................................52.4系统控制方式的分析与选择............................................................................................62.5蓄电池充电方法的选择....................................................................................................73嵌入式ARM及LPC2292微处理器介绍........................................................................93.1嵌入式系统概述................................................................................................................93.1.1嵌入式系统的定义.................................................................................................93.1.2嵌入式系统的特点.................................................................................................93.2嵌入式系统的现状和发展趋势......................................................................................103.2.1嵌入式系统的发展现状.......................................................................................103.2.2嵌入式系统发展的未来趋势...............................................................................103.3常用微处理器..................................................................................................................113.4ARMMCU介绍..............................................................................................................113.5ARM7介绍......................................................................................................................123.5.1ARM7系列...........................................................................................................123.5.2ARM7TDMI介绍.............................................................................................123.6LPC2292微处理器简介.................................................................................................134基于嵌入式的充电控制器的硬件设计.....................................................................................164.1接口电路设计...........................................................................................