搜索
WhatisCulture?Cultureisthefullrangeoflearnedhumanbehaviorpatterns.Cultureisthatcomplexwholewhichincludesknowledge,belief,art,law,morals,custom,andanyothercapabilitiesandhabitsacquiredbymanasamemberofsociety.”----thepioneerEnglishAnthropologistEdwardB.Tylor文化文化是一个非常广泛的概念，给它下一个严格和精确的定义是一件非常困难的事情。不少哲学家、社会学家、人类学家、历史学家和语言学家一直努力，试图从各自学科的角度来界定文化的概念。然而，迄今为止仍没有获得一个公认的、令人满意的定义。据统计，有关“文化”的各种不同的定义至少有二百多种。笼统地说，文化是一种社会现象，是人们长期创造形成的产物。同时又是一种历史现象，是社会历史的积淀物。确切地说，文化是指一个国家或民族的历史、地理、风土人情、传统习俗、生活方式、文学艺术、行为规范、思维方式、价值观念等。WhatisCulture?•Itisconstantlychangingandeasilylostbecauseitexistsonlyinourminds.Ourwrittenlanguages,governments,buildings,andotherman-madethingsaremerelytheproductsofculture.Non-humanculture?•Thisorangutanmotherisusingaspeciallypreparedsticktofishoutfoodfromacrevice.Shelearnedthisskillandisnowteachingittoherchildwhoishangingonhershoulderandintentlywatching.BeforetheWeddingProposetoaLadyThoughmanyconventionsexist,norulesdefinethepropermethodofproposingmarriagetoalady.Thebestproposalfeelsintimate,romantic,specialandunique.Typically,anappropriateproposalreflectsthenatureofyourrelationshipandthetastesofyourgirlfriend.Spendtimeconsideringthetypeofproposalyourgirlfriendwouldpreferbeforepoppingthequestion.APerfectProposal•TheEngagementRing•Timing(Makesurethatyouaskherwhenthetimeisright.Makeitaspecialtimeforbothofyou.)Becreative.•Surpriseherandmaketheproposalspecial.Chooseamemorableplace,song,oroccasionthatyousharedtogether,suchaswhereyoufirstmetorwhereyouhadyourfirstkiss.Setaromantictonewithflowers,candlesandchampagne.Mostimportantly,keepitsimplebecausetheproposalstorywillbetoldoverandover.•Whenthetimeisright,expressyourloveanddevotion.Ifyoudesire,readherapoem,orremindherofaspecialmomentinyourrelationship.•Droptooneknee,andpresenttheringboxtoyourgirlfriend.Opentheboxandask,“Willyoumarryme?”EngagementParty•Withemail,telephones,andfarfewersocialformalitiestofollow,thenewsthesedaysisusuallyoutbeforethebride-to-behashadtimetorealizeshehassaidyes.Butthatdoesn'tmeanyourengagementshouldnotbecelebrated,orevenformallyannounced,withaparty.TimingoftheEngagementPartyItisniceiftheengagementpartycomessoonaftertheengagement,whilethenewsisstillfresh.GuestsattheEngagementParty•Thetraditionalrulesofetiquettesuggestthatguestsinvitedtotheengagementpartyshouldalsobeinvitedtothewedding;however,theguestlistwilllikelybeshorter.Oftentheideaistomakethisamoreintimateeventthantheweddingitself.GiftsatanEngagementParty•Eventhoughgiftsarenotcustomaryatanengagementparty,someguestswillinevitablyarrivebearingthem.PublicAnnouncementsAfteryouhavebecomeengagedandhavetheringonyourfinger,thenewswilltravelfarjustbywordofmouth.Anengagementannouncementinyourhometownisthenextstep.Ifyourfiancélivesinanothertown,submitanannouncementtothatnewspaperaswell.Sendoutinvitationssixtotenweeksbeforetheparty,particularlyifthebrideishopingcertainfamilyorfriendswhowillhavetotravelcanmakeit.InvitationWordingStandardWording:Mr.andMrs.ChristopherMyersrequestthehonorofyourpresenceatthemarriageoftheirdaughterAnneCatherinetoTheodoreJosephJohnsonattheNewportBeachClubSaturday,theSeventeenthofJuneEighto'clockintheeveningInvitationWordingWhenthebrideandgroomarepayingfortheweddingthemselves,thewordingshouldberead:YouarecordiallyinvitedtocelebratetheweddingofAnneCatherineMyersandTheodoreJosephJohnsonattheNewportBeachClubSaturday,theSeventeenthofJuneEighto'clockintheeveningORTogetherwiththeirparents,AnneCatherineMyersandTheodoreJosephJohnsonrequestthehonorofyourpresenceattheirweddingattheNewportBeachClubSaturday,theSeventeenthofJuneEighto'clockintheeveningWeddingGiftRegistries◆Registeringforweddinggiftshasbecomeverypopularwithtoday’sbrideandgroom.Aregistryisagreatconvenienceforthecoupleandtheguests.Itcertainlyreducesthechangeofreceivingmultiplecrystalbowlsandgivestheguestanideaofthecouples’taste.So…itisawin-winforallconcerned.◆Whenyouregisterforgifts,besuretochoosearangeofgiftsthatwillfityourguests’budgets.Ifyouarebeingmarriedinadifferentcitythanwhereyoulive,registerinstoresinbothlocationsforeveryone’sconvenience.Againlotsofyourguestswillwelcomegiftguidance;however,othersmayprefertochoosetheirownspecialgift.Someofthesegiftswillturnouttobethingyouneverthoughtofthatyouwillreallytreasure.◆Besuretokeepalistinaprominentplacetorecordwhatwassentbywhomandtheirreturnaddress.Thiswillbearealhelptoyouwhenitcomestimetowriteyourthankyounotes.22Abachelorparty(Canada,SouthAfricaandtheUS),alsoknownasastagparty,stagnightorstagdo(especiallyinCommonwealthcountriesandIreland),abull'sparty(SouthAfrica),orabuck'spartyorbuck'snight(Australia),isapartyheldforamanshortlybeforeheentersmarriage,tocelebratehislastnightoffreedomormerelytospendtimewithhismalefriends,whoareoftenathisweddingpartyafterwards.Abachelorpartyisusuallyplannedbythebestmanorotherfriendsofthegroom,occasionally,withtheassistanceofabachelorpartyplanningcompany.◆Theequivalenteventforthebride-to-beisknownasabachelorettepartyorhens'night.Formally,apartyinhonorofthebrideishostedbyothers.◆Celebratethelasteveningbeforeyourmarriagewithyourclosestgirlfrien