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Unit1(BookIV)SectionATailofFameI.NotestotheText—ActiveExpressionsA.FocusStudy1.Mostwouldbehard-pressedtotellyouhowtheyevengotthere.behard-pressedtodosth.做某事有困难今年这家航空公司要赢利困难重重。Thisyeartheairlinewillbehard-pressedtomakeaprofit.你很难找到更好的人做这项工作。You’dbehard-pressedtofindanyonebetterforthejob.2.Thepublicsimplydiscountsstylesotherthanthoseforwhichtheartisthasbecomefamous.…otherthan…除了……他只提到了自己的贡献，而没有提其他任何人的。Hedidn’tmentionanyoneelse’scontributionsotherthanhisown.我们错过了最后一班公交车，所以除了走回家别无选择。Wemissedthelastbussotherewasnochoiceotherthantowalkhome.3.Ittakesyououtofyourself:Youmustbewhatthepublicthinksyouare,notwhatyoureallyareorcouldbe.Ittakessb.outof…使得某人缺乏……这使得我丧失了理智，从而做出了错误的决定。Ittakesmeoutofmindtomakewrongdecisions.我失去了自我，再也做不回当初的自己。Ittakesmeoutofmyself:Ican’tcomebacktowhatIusedtobe.B.CreativeApplicationofTypicalExpressions1.丢掉有固定收入的工作:toquit/giveup/leaveone’sdayjob某事干得漂亮:doagoodjobofsth.没有做到:falldownonthejob尽力而为:makethebestofabadjob他答应使他们的生活衣食无忧，但没有做到。keepone’slifefreefromsth./worryaboutclothingandfoodHepromisedtokeeptheirlifefreefromworryaboutclothingandfood,buthehasfallendownonthejob.2.激励某人向前:tospursb.on促使某人采取行动:spursb.toaction鼓励某人更努力:spursb.ontogreaterefforts激励某人夺取胜利:spursb.tovictory解决他消极态度的最佳方案不是一味地指责，而是鼓励他更努力。thebestsolutiontosth./one’spassiveattitude/findendlessfaultwithsb.Thebestsolutiontohispassiveattitudeisnottofindendlessfaultwithhim,buttospurhimontogreaterefforts.3.沉浸在成功后的无上荣光中:todrowninfame’simperialglory专心于；埋头于:beabsorbedin深陷:beimmersed/stuckin沉浸于；迷恋于:bedrowned/bathedin由于深陷金融危机，国际市场近期不太可能复苏。immersedinthefinancialcrisis/inthenearfuture/belesslikelytodosth./comebacktolifeImmersedinthefinancialcrisis,theworldmarketislesslikelytocomebacktolifeinthenearfuture.4.忠于:toremain/betruetosth.(form/type/life/one’sword/oneself)某事属实:Itistrueaboutsth.坚持原则:tostaytruetoone’sprinciples某事会······：Itistrueofsth.that…一般说来，人生不是去分辨远处模糊的东西，而是去从事摆在眼前的工作。seewhatliesdimlyatadistance/dowhatliesclearlyathandItisgenerallytrueofone’slifethatoneneedstodowhatliesclearlyathandinsteadofseeingwhatliesdimlyatadistance.5.被开除／驱逐:tobeexpelledfrom使某人感动得落泪：compeltearsfromsb.觉得不得不做某事：feelimpelledtodosth.相互排斥：repeleachother他们的性格如同水火，互不相容。As…,so…/repeleachotherAswaterandfirerepeleachother,sodotheircharacters.C.FurtherApplicationofTypicalPatterns1.用于表述“事物之间的类比”。Sb.whodosth.belikesb.elsedoingsth.elsewho,when／once…,…搞科研的人如同正登山的运动员，到达一个顶峰后，发现还有更高的山峰要爬。Anyonewhodoesscienceislikeanalpinistclimbingmountainswho,whenhegetstoonetop,willfindanewpeakforhimtoreach.2.用于表述“事物的因果关系”。Whenonebecomesbored(withsth./sb.),sth.orsb.begintoshowalackofcontinuityin…anditbecomesdifficulttodosth.else.若你对爱情生活感到厌烦，你的恋人就难以继续保持魅力，新的爱情火花也就难以迸发。Whenyoubecomeboredwithyourromanticlife,yoursweetheartbeginstoshowalackofcontinuityinhis/hercharmanditbecomesdifficulttoburstforthnewsparksofromance.3.用于表述“某人自我安慰的方式”。Sb.findcomfortinknowing/thinkingthat…orinknowing/thinkingthat…失恋者寻求安慰时，要这样想：人生何处无芳草。Thefailedloverscanfindcomfortinthinkingthatthereisnowhereinlifebarrenoffragrantgrass.D.WordUsing1.chasev.torunaftersomeoneorsomethinginordertocatchthemPolicechasedthethiefandeventuallyrecoveredthemissingmoney.Thekidschasedeachotherinthegarden.2.participateintotakepartinorbecomeinvolvedinanactivity班里的每个人都应该积极参加这些讨论。他们希望有机会参与决策制定。Everyoneintheclassisexpectedtoparticipateactivelyinthesediscussions.Theywantedopportunitiestoparticipateinthedecision-makingprocess.3.pessimistica.expectingthatbadthingswillhappeninthefutureorthatsomethingwillhaveabadresult我对未来感到极其悲观。这听起来像是本末倒置，是不必要的悲观。Iamdeeplypessimisticaboutthefuture.Thismaysoundlikeputtingthecartbeforethehorseandbeingunnecessarilypessimistic.4.worshipvt.toadmireandlovesomeoneverymuch我们都要有崇拜的英雄，无论他们是运动员、电影明星还是政治家。我小时候崇拜我哥哥。Weallwantheroestoworship,betheysportsmen,filmstars,orpoliticians.Asachild,Iworshippedmyolderbrother.5.spurvt.toencouragesomeoneormakethemwanttodosomething我们鼓励他们做出更大的努力。是当地报纸上一篇文章最终促使他采取了行动。Wespurredthemontogreaterefforts.Itwasanarticleinthelocalnewspaperthatfinallyspurredhimintoaction.6.drownvt.1)tohaveaverystrongfeelingoraseriousproblemthatisdifficulttodealwith2)todiefrombeingunderwaterfortoolong,ortokillsomeoneinthisway这个国家债台高筑。Thecountryisdrowningindebt.我们被数据包围，可是却缺乏信息。Weweredrowningindatabutstarvedofinformation.他们的船在暴风雨中翻了，淹死了48个人。昨夜有一个男孩在河里淹死了。Forty-eightpeoplehavedrownedaftertheirboatoverturnedduringastorm.Lastnightaboywasdrownedintheriver.7.exploitvt.tousesomethingwellinordertogainasmuchfromitaspossible你可以利用已有的才能。我们需要确保尽可能充分地利用资源。Youcanexploitatalentwhichyoualreadypossess.Weneedtomakesurethatweexploitourresourcesasfullyaspossible.8.idlea.notworkingorproducinganything一半的工厂在停工。汽车厂的关闭使数千人无事可做。Halfthesefactoriesarenowstandingidle.Thousandsofworkersareidlenowthatthecarfactorieshaveclosed.9.borevt.tomakesomeoneloseinterestandbecometiredandimpatient我就不拿这些技术上的细节来烦你了。那部冗长的小说烦死我了。Iwon’tboreyouwithallthetechnicaldetails.Thelongnovelboredmetodeath.10.sustainvt.1)tomakesomethingcontinuetoexistforaperiodoftime2)togivesomeonestrength,energyorhope他发现自己无法维持对那份工作的兴趣。这位演讲者成功地使听众的注意力保持到了最后。Hefoundthathecouldn’tsustainhisinterestinthejob.Thespeakersu