英语词根词源精讲1TongLimin前缀1.a-,an-,en-,in-,un-:不,非2.ad-:向前3.be-:使成为4.com-,con-:一起,表强调5.de-:向下6.dis-:不,非;分开7.en-,in-:进入,使8.ex-:向外9.ob-:向前10.per-:表整个;全部11.pre-:在前12.pro-:向前13.re-:向后;再,新;14.sub-:在下15.trans-:转移;跨越16.ab-:离开;不,非,表相反1.ab-:离开(away);不,非,表相反来自拉丁语ab,从,来自,从...离开例abinitio,对应英语initially,起初,开始1.1ab-:离开(away)und-:水,水波abound:v.大量存在;充满abundant:adj.abundance:n.undulate:v.形成水波;波动inundate:v.淹没,使目不暇接redundant:adj.多余的,过剩的;被解雇的redundance:n.冗余,过多rupt-:断裂abrupt:adj.突然的,意外的;唐突的bankrupt:adj.bankruptcy:n.rupture:n.破裂,破碎corrupt:adj.贪污的,腐败的;堕落的corruptible:adj.能被收买的route:n.路线router:n.路由器routine:adj.日常的,惯常的duc-,duct-:拉,引导abduct:v.诱拐,拐骗abductor:n.诱拐者,拐骗者seduce:v.引诱seduction:n.诱惑seductive:adj.引诱的,诱惑的conduct:v.n.introduce:v.introduction:n.introductory:adj.jac-,ject-:投,扔abject:adj.悲惨的,可怜的dejected:adj.沮丧的dejection:n.adjacent:adj.相邻的,邻近的adjective:n.形容词project:n.v.projector:n.投影仪reject:v.sorb-,sorpt-:吸,吸取absorb:v.吸走;吸收,吸引absorbing:adj.吸引人的*absorber:n.吸收者,吸收物absorbent:adj.吸收的n.吸附剂*absorption:n.吸收*adsorb:v.吸附describe/descriptioninscribe/inscriptionrad-:刮,磨abrade:v.刮掉,摩擦,磨损abrasion:n.abrasive:adj.磨损的,伤人的n.摩擦剂erase:v.刮掉eraser:n.橡皮擦razor:n.刀片,剃须刀raze:v.摧毁rat:n.solv-:松开*absolve:v.赦免,宽恕*absolution:n.赦免,宽恕absolute:adj.绝对的absolutely:adv.绝对地absolutism:adv.绝对主义,专制主义absolutist:n.solve:v.solution:n.sur-:沙沙声absurd:adj.荒谬的absurdity:n.*susurate:v.发出沙沙声*susuration:n.沙沙声syringe:n.针管15.2ab-:不,非,表相反es-,est-:存在,是is:v.absent(*abesent):adj.缺席的absent-minded:adj.absence(*absense):n.essence:n.本质,精髓essential:adj.present:adj.在场的v.n.presence:n.出席,在场es-,est-:存在,是present:adj.在场的v.n.presenter:n.presentable:adj.拿得出手的;体面presentation:n.represent:v.表现,象征;代表representative:n.代表interest:n.利益,利息interestgroup:n.al-,ol-,ult-:生长,成长abolish:v.废除abolition:n.abolitionism:n.废除主义;废奴主义abolitionist:n.adult:n./old:adj.adolesce:v.开始成长adolescent:adj.青少年的n.青少年adolescence:n.青春期norm-:规范,准则norm:n.normal:adj.normaluniversity:师范大学normalize:v.abnormal:adj.不正常的,反常的abnormality:n.反常,畸形abuse:n.辱骂,虐待;滥用v.abusive:adj.drugabuse/alcoholabusechildabuse/abusechildori-,ort-:升起abort:v.堕胎,流产;中止,失败*abortus:n.流产儿abortion:n.abortive:adj.orient:adj.升起的;东方的orientate:v.朝向东方;定位orienteer:v.进行定向越野orienteering:n.定向越野活动ori-,ort-:升起aborigine:n.土著aboriginal:adj.origin:n.起源v.original:adj.原创的originality:n.15.3abs-:来自ab-在字母t前的变体形式tract-:拉abstract:adj.抽象的n.摘要v.提取,转移abstracted:adj.恍惚的,出神的abstraction:n.抽象abstractionism:n.abstractionist:n.attract:v.attractive:adj.contract:n.合同v.收缩contractible:adj.可收缩的contraction:n.收缩tain-,ten-,tent-:抓,握abstain:v.戒酒,戒除;弃权,避免abstainer:n.abstention:n.弃权contain:v.containment:n.控制,遏制content:n.sustain:v.维持sustainable:adj.2.ad-:朝向,向前jac-,ject-:扔,投掷adjacent:adj.临近的adjective:n.eject:v.射出,喷射inject:v.注射project:v.投射,预测;计划n.项目,方案reject:v.duc-,duct-:拉,引导adduce:v.引证,举例duke:n.公爵educate:v.education:n.produce:v.生产product:n.产品productive:adj.counter-productive:adj.productivity:n.introduce:v.引进,介绍counter-terrorismher-,hes-:粘,黏adhere:v.粘附;坚持adherent:adj.粘着的n.追随者,信徒adhesive:adj.黏性的n.黏合剂cohere:v.黏结,黏合;连贯coherent:adj.连贯的,一致的inhere:v.存在,固有inherent:adj.内在的inherence:n.内在,存在mon-:警告,提醒admonish:v.警告admonishment:n.admonition:n.monitor:n.警告者;班长;监视器,显示屏monster:n.魔鬼monstrous:adj.monstrosity:n.abolish/abolitionven-,vent-:走,来到advent:n.到来,来临adventure:n.冒险adventurous:adj.爱冒险的convenient:adj.便利的convenience:n.convention:n.会议event:n.大事情,大事件;结果eventual:adj.最终的eventful:adj.多大事的;兴奋的voc-,vok-:声音advocate:v.倡导,提倡n.鼓吹者,提倡者advocacy:n.倡导;提倡voice:n.声音convoke:v.召集convocation:n.召集;会议invoke:v.召唤;援引invocation:n.祈祷,祈求;祷告provoke:v.挑衅;激怒provocation:n.挑衅;激怒前缀ad-的词根同化adbreviateadcessadfectadgressiveadleviateadnotateadplyadrangeadsistadtractabbreviateaccessaffectaggressivealleviateannotateapplyarrangeassistattractab-:朝向,向前ab-:朝向,向前来自ad-在字母b前的异化现象brev-,brief-:短abbreviate:v.缩短,缩写abbreviation:n.缩短,缩写brevity:n.简短,缩略brief:n.摘要,大纲adj.简短的achieve/chiefac-:朝向,向前来自ad-在字母c,q前的异化现象ced-,cess-:走accede:v.就任,就职;同意access:n.入口,通道accessible:adj.可进入的excede:v.超过excess:n.超过excessive:adj.过多的succeed:v.成功;接替success:n.successful:adj.celer-:速度accelerate:v.加速acceleration:n.decelerate:v.减速deceleration:n.cus-:原因accuse:v.控告,谴责accusation:n.控告,谴责cause:n.原因because:conj.因为quir-,quist-:追寻,寻求acquire:v.获得,习得;收购acquired:adj.习得的acquirement:n.acquistion:n.收购acquistive:adj.渴望得到的;贪得无厌的enquiry:n.问询处query:n.询问,问题question:n.questionable:adj.af-:朝向,向前来自ad-在字母f前的异化现象fa-,fam-:讲,说affable:adj.好说话的,和蔼的affability:n.fable:n.寓言,童话fabulous:adj.fabulously:adv.fame:n.名声famous:adj.infamous:adj.名声不好的,声名狼藉的infamy:n.fix-,fixt-:固定affix:n.prefix:n.suffix:n.fix:v.fixture:n.固定装置;固定家具fac-,fact-,fect-:做,产生,制造fact:n.factory:n.affect:v.影响;打动,有感情affection:n.感情,喜爱affectionate:adj.充满感情的,疼爱的effect:n.effective:adj.efficient:adj.efficiency:n.fil-:子女affiliate:v.隶属,从属affiliation:n.隶属,从属;分部,子公司filial:adj.子女的filialaffection:n.孝顺ag-:朝向,向前来自ad-在字母g前的异化现象grand-:大,巨大grand:n.千aggrandize:v.增大,扩大;夸大aggrandizement:n.grandiose:adj.宏伟的,壮观的;浮夸的grandstand:n.大看台grandfather:n.祖父grandmother:n.祖母grav-:重aggravate:v.加重,恶化grave:adj.重的;严肃的,庄重的gravity:n.重力gravitation:n.引力gravitational:adj.grad-,gred-,gress-:走aggressive:adj.侵略的;积极的grade:n.年级,分数gradual:adj.