初学者学驾驶手动档汽车英文版How-to-Drive-a-Manual-Car

AnActualDrivingLessonLearningtodriveamanualcarWherearethecontrolsthatImighthavetouseinmydriving:Knowingwherethecontrolsare,andbeingabletolocateandusethemwithoutlookingawayfromtheroadisimportant.Rememberineachvehiclethesecontrolscouldbeindifferentplaces:-Washerandwiper,frontandback-Headlights,highandlowbeam-Handbrake-Demisters,frontandback-Horn-Hazardlights-IndicatorsHowtoadjusttheseat:Whenadjustingtheseatinthecar:Theclutchpedallocatedonyourleft,shouldbedepressedintothefloorandtheseatadjustedsotheleftleghasaslightbendinit(about15degrees).Thelegshouldnotbefullyextended.Pushyourshoulderintothebackoftheseat,andputyourarmsoutinfrontofyouatthetopofthesteeringwheel,nowadjustthebackoftheseatsoyourwristsareontopofthesteeringwheelrim(notyourhandorarmbutyourwrist).Mostcarsnowcanadjusttheheightofthesteeringwheel.Movethesteeringwheelupordownsoyoucanseethespeedoclearly.Howtoadjustyourmirrors:Themirrorsshouldbeadjustedsowhenyoulookintothem,youareonlymovingyoureyesnotyourhead.Thecentremirror:Thetopofyourmirrorshouldrunalongthetopofyourbackwindow,youshouldbeabletoseethewholebackwindow.Thesidemirrors:Onaflatroad,youshouldseeroadfromthemiddleofthemirrortothebottomofthemirror,andfromthemiddleofthemirrortothetopofthemirroryoushouldseehouses,trees,skyetc.Thebottomcornernearthedoorofthemirroryoushouldbeabletoseethebackdoorhandle.STAGE1BUILDINGASOLIDFOUNDATIONInthispartoflearningyoudoituntilyougetitright.Youwilldolotsofdrivingandhopefullyturnactionintohabits,fixyourmistakes.Repetitionafterrepetition,dothesamethinghundredstimesofthecorrectrepetition.(Soundslikefundoesn’tit).LearningthebasicdrivingskillsDuringthisstagethefocusisonclutchcontrol,gearchanges,stoppingandstarting,accelerationandslowingdownandsteering(thisisthefrustratingstageofdriving).Getthelicenseddrivertodrivethecartoaclearopenroad.Weneedaquietroadwithfewvehicles-alongstraightroadisperfect,nointersections.ThesafewaytogetstartedOnceaquietroadisfoundpullovertothesideoftheroad,makethecarsafe(handbrakeon,switchoffthecar).Changeseatssothelearnerisinthedriver’sseatandadjusttheseat,mirrorandsteeringwheelasdemonstratedinthatchapter.Whatarethesepedalsonthefloorfor?Lookdownatyourfeet-youwillseethreepedals.Theoneontheleftistheclutch(insimpletermsitbasicallytransmitspowerfromtheenginetothewheels).Nowthatpedalisusedbyyourleftlegonly-nothingelse.Themiddlepedalisthebrake(whichstopsorslowsdownthecar).Thatpedalisusedbytherightlegonly.Thepedalontherightistheaccelerator(whichmakesthecargatherspeed,orgiveitmorepower)thatisalsousedbytherightleg.Thereasonwhytherightlegisusedbythosepedalsisthatyouareeitherbrakingoraccelerating-youshouldnotbedoingbothatthesametime.(Stoporgo).Moreimportantisthatyourlegshopefullywillnotgettangledupwitheachother,ifthathappenswewillbeinallsortsoftroublewon’twe.Practisegearchangeswhiletheengineisoff.Whiletheengineisofflet’slookatthegearstickandstudyhowwearegoingtochangegears,rememberineachcaritcouldbeslightlydifferent,yourlicenseddriverwillhelp.Itisbettertoplaywiththemwhiletheengineisoff(muchsaferIthink).Practisegoingthroughthegears-firsttosecond,secondtothird,thirdtofourthetc.Makesureyou’vegottheclutchinwhendoingthis.Keeppractisinguntilyoucanchangeallthegearswithoutlookingatthem.Becausewhenwearedrivingweshouldbelookingattheroadnotthegearstick.Whenyouareconfidentwiththat,thenpractisegoingdownthegears.Upthegears,anddownthegears.Howtoholdthegearstick?Withyourlittlefingertothetop,andhandtotherightsideofthegearknob.1stto2nd3rdbackto2nd2ndbackto1stThumbtothetopandhandtotheothersideofthegearknob.2ndto3rdgear3rdto4thgear4thbackto3rdgearChangingupthegearsWhenwechangegearswedosoeconomically,wearenotgoingforbestperformance(weareonpublicroads,notaspeedway)thisisallaboutsafedriving.(Yourlicenseddriver,I’msure,wouldliketogethomesafelyafterthispractise.)Againdifferentcarsmaybedifferentbutinmostcarswhenchangingupyouwouldchangegearsabout2000to2500revs(mostcarsnowwillhavearevcounter,atachometer).Atfirstkeepacheckwithyourgaugetotellyouwhentochangegears,buteventuallyyouwillchangegearsbythesoundoftheenginewithoutlookingatthegauge.Whengoingupthegearsyoualwaysstartinfirstandgothrougheachgear.1stto2nd,2ndto3rd,3rdto4thetc.Whenchanginggearsgettothecorrectrevsfirst,thenacceleratoroffwithyourrightfoot,thenclutchin(itshouldgodownquickly)withyourleftfoot,changetothecorrectgearthenclutchout,(thelowerthegearusedtheslowertheclutchpedalisreleasedthroughthefrictionpoint.)Thengentlyaccelerate,oneactionatatime,butinasmoothflowingaction.Pretendyouaredrivingandpractisespeedingupandchanginggears.Toeaseyourstressmakethecarnoisethatgoeswithit.“vroomvroom”.Whenyoufeelcomfortablepractisingchangingupthegears,andalsocanchangeupthegearswithoutlookingatthegearstick(wedon’twantrunofftheroadwhenwedoitforreal)wewillpractisechangingdownthegears.Thecommonerrorstolookoutforwhenchangingup.Ifyoulistentoandfeelthecar,thecarwillletyouknowwhensomethingisnotright.Youjustneedtounderstandthecar’slanguage.-Pushingdowntheclutchtoosoonbeforetheacceleratorisoff.Thecarwillrevup;thetimingneedstoberight.(acceleratoroffthenclutch