主谓一致语法总结

主谓一致语法总结----安顺一中曹方平供稿一．就近原则：在notonly…butalso,not…but,neither…nor,either…or,therebe…句型中，谓语动词由相邻的主语来确定。例：1.NotonlytheybutalsoIamgoingtocollectmoneyfortheHopeProject.2.EitheryouorJackisabouttotaketheplaceofthemanager.二．集合名词做主语，指成员时，谓语用复数；指团体，组织时，谓语用单数：如：class,team,group,family,audience(听众),government,company,crowd,public,enemy,committee(委员会)等。例：1.Theclassarebusyworkingontheexercisesatthemoment.2.Theteamwasanexcellentoneinthe25thOlympicGames.三．当两个名词用with,togetherwith,aswellas,ratherthan,morethan,but,except,besides,alongwith,including,like等连接起来做主语时，谓语动词与前面的主语一致。例：1.Jackie,withhisparents,intendstosetoutforEuropeonbusinessnextweek.2.Theson,ratherthanhisparents,isresponsibleforthefireaccident.(对火灾事故负责的是儿子而不是父母)四．当each,neither,either以及由every,any,no,some与one,body,thing构成的不定代词做主语时，谓语动词用单数。例：1.Eachofthegirlsisfondofpopmusicinherclass.2.Someoneisexpectingyouattheschoolgate.但none做主语时谓语用单复数都行。例：Noneofthemare/isinterestedinlocalmusic.另外：当every,each,no做定语时，即使用and连接两个主语，谓语也用单数。例：1.Eachstudentispreparingforthefinalexaminationnow.2.Everyboyandeverygirlisproudoftheresultoftheexperiment.3.Noteacherandnostudentisadmittedtoentertheplace.4.TheyeachhaveanEnglishdictionary.(此句中each做同位语，谓语由主语they确定)五.当主语表示时间，重量，距离，价格时，谓语动词用单数。例：1.Fivehundreddollarsisquiteenoughforthereturnvoyage(返航)。2.Sevenkilometerswascoveredintwohours.但算式做主语时，谓语用单数，复数都可以。例：1.Fourtimesfiveis/aretwenty.(Fourtimesfivemake/makestwenty.)六．当主语是一个从句，不定式或动名词时，谓语一般用单数。但由and连接两个不定式或动名词时，动词则用复数，表示不同的两件事。例：1.whetherhesucceedsorfailsdoesn'tconcernme.(他成功或失败与我无关)2.SwimmingintheYangtzeRiverneedsgreatcourage.3.Tosaysomethingisonething,todoitisanother.4.Toplaybasketballandtogoswimmingareofgreatuseforcharacter-training.另外：当what,all(that)或such引导的句子做主语时，谓语用单数或复数应看后面的表语来确定.例：1.WhathewantsissomeadviceonhowtolearnEnglish,whilewhathelooksforwardtoaresomeEnglishdictionaries.2.Allthattheyaskforarevegetables,fruits,quiltsandclothes.3.SucharethethingsIoftendoinaday.4.SuchismybestfriendMary.七．当一个复数名词用做书名，人名，学科名或报刊名时，谓语用单数。例：1.Guiliver'sTravelsisanovelwrittenbyJonathanSwift.（格列佛游记）2.TheTimesisaveryhelpfulnewspaperforourstudies.（泰晤士报）八．定语从句的关系代词在从句中充当主语时，从句的谓语应与先行词保持一致。例：1.Sheistheonlyoneofthestudentswhohaspassedtheexamination.2.Theytoldussomethingaboutthehouseswhichwerebuiltinthe1540's/1540s.九．在强调句中，强调主语时，后面的动词还是由被强调的主语来确定。例：1.Iaminthesearchformymissinggoldring.其强调句为：ItisIwhoaminthesearchformymissinggoldring.十．几种较为特殊的主语与谓语的一致。A.当and与both…and…连接两个主语时，一般用复数的谓语。但如果由and并列的两个主语是指同一人时，此时后面一个主语没有冠词，其谓语用单数，表示一个人具有双重身份。若后一个名词前有冠词，则表示两个人，谓语则用复数。例：1.Theteacherandwriterisgivingtheboysaverywonderfullecture.2.Theteacherandthesingeraretalkinginthehall.B.the+形容词/分词做主语表一类人时，谓语一般用复数；但therest要看它代表的东西来确定。例：1.Thewoundedarebeingdonefirstaidbesidetheroadnow.2..Shehastakensomeofthevegetables.Therestarestillonthetable.3.Hehaseatenupsomeofthecheese.Theresthasgonebad.4.TherestofthestorywaswonderfullymovingandIwasmovedtotearsC．many修饰主语时，谓语用复数。但manya…,morethanone+单数名词（意为不只一个），虽说具有复数意义，但谓语仍用单数。例：1.Manystudentshavemadethatmistakebefore.2.Manyastudenthasmadethatmistakebefore.3.Morethanonestudenthasmadethatmistakebefore.D.当trousers,shoes,glasses,clothes,socks,gloves等由两个部分构成的物品做主语时，谓语一般用复数。但若与apairof,akindof等连用时，谓语用单数。例：1.Histrousersaretornintopiecesinthebikeaccident.2.Thispairoftrousersbelongstomysister.Minearebeingwashed.主谓一致专练1．----_______eitherheorIproudofthejob?-----Neitherhenoryou__________.A.Am,areB.Is,areC.Are,areD.Am,is2.Aknifeandfork______lyingonthefloor.A.wasseenB.wereseenC.seeD.sees3.Thefactory,includingitsequipmentsandbuildings,____burntlastnight.A.isB.areC.wasD.were4.I,who_____yourclosefriend,willshareyourjoysandsorrows(悲伤).A.wasB.areC.isD.am5.Over70percentofthepopulationinthisprovince_______farmers.A.isB.areC.hasD.have6.Someperson______askingforyouattheentrancetothecinema.A.willbeB.isbeingC.isD.are7.Therestofthenovel_______verywonderfulandinstructive.A.wereB.areC.isD.seem8.Everymeans______tried,butthereisnoabsoluteresultyet.A.havebeenB.hasbeenC.willbeD.were9.WhatIwant______aninterestingbookwhilewhatheexpects_____twocupsofcoffee.A.is,areB.are,isC.is,isD.are,are10.Ateacher,togetherwithfourstudents,______senttohelpwiththisresearchthenextweek.A.wasB.hasC.wereD.are11.Helostoneofthebookswhich______borrowedfromthelibraryyesterday.A.wereB.wasC.hadD.have12.Jack,aswellashisrelativesandfriends,________apartyathomenow.A.arehavingB.ishaveC.isholdingD.areholding13.The26thOlympicGames______heldsuccessfully.A.isB.willbeC.areD.were14.Allbuttheonethataskedforleaveyesterday______herejustnow.A.isB.wasC.hasbeenD.were15.Oneachsideoftheroad________alotoftalltrees.A.standsB.isstandingC.growD.isgrowing16.Threehourswithyouroldfriends________tobeashorttime.A.seemB.seemsC.isseemingD.hasseemed17.Whenandwheretobuildthenewfirstaidcenter_______yet.A.hasn'tbeendecidedB.doesn'tdecidedC.haven'tbeendecidedD.aren'tdecided18.TheUnitedNations_________in1959.A.werefoundB.werefoundedC.wasfoundD.wasfounded19.Eachteacherandeachscientist_______invitedtotakepartintheconference.A.areB.wasC.hasD.were20.Oneandahalfapples_______leftonthetable.A.areB.isC.hasD.hav