初中英语阅读理解解题技巧

初中英语阅读理解解题技巧二班代宝鑫2010061014初中阅读理解考查的主要内容•题材及政治经济、社会文化、风俗习惯、历史地理、科学技术体裁记叙文、说明文、议论文、应用文新闻报道、广告、通知、操作说明、表格综合运用所学语言知识的能力，包括阅读、理解、归纳概括、逻辑推理以及对材料的评估能力等命题依据•能根据不同的阅读目的，运用简单的阅读策略快速获取细节信息。•能把握所读材料的中心思想和主要事实。•能把握所读材料的主要逻辑线索，事件和空间的顺序。•能根据上下文和构词法推断、理解词义。•能根据上下文理解作者的态度、观点和意图。•能找出文章中的主题，理解故事的情节，预测故事情节的发展和结局。主要题型•理解主旨大意（Tofindoutthemainidea)•细节理解和细节判断(Tolookfordetails)•猜测词义(Toguessthemeaning)•推理判断题（Toinferaconclusion)解题步骤一、先读问题，弄清考查要点二、快速浏览全文，掌握全貌三、细读原文，捕捉相关信息词四、重读原文，仔细斟酌核对答案主旨题常见的命题形式：(1)What’sthemainideaofthepassage?(2)Thispassageismainlyabout…….(3)Theauthor'spurposeinwritingthistextis…….(4)Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?(5)What’sthetopicofthetext?理解主旨大意解题技巧：1．抓住主题句，锁定文章主旨2．抓住段落大意，概括中心思想3．抓住主线和关键，归纳文章中心典例：（2011年内江市中考卷）63、What’sthemainideaofthethirdparagraph?A、Manyparentsdon’tunderstandkids’languageintheirblogs.B、Manyparentsareworriedabouttheseyoungbloggers.C、Manyparentscan’tunderstandwhytheirkidsdon’tlikestudying.70、Whatisthepassageabout?A、Repairingoldcomputers.B、Sellingoldcomputers.C、Recyclingoldcomputers.细节理解和细节判断常考题型：1、是非题2、例证题3、年代与数字4、比较5、原因6、事实排序题7、直接信息题8、间接信息题9、综合信息题细节理解和细节判断细节题常见的命题形式：•WhichofthefollowingisTrue/NotTrue?•Inthepassage,whichofthefollowingismentioned?•Allofthefollowingstatementsaretrueexcept…•Choosetherightorderoftheeventsgiveninthepassage.•用Where,how,who,why,howlong等引导的特殊疑问句要求判断细节。细节理解和细节判断解题技巧：(1)细心审题，直接就题找答案。(2)变通理解，间接转述找答案。(3)多点归纳，综合事实找答案。典例：•65.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?•A.Mybrothers,mysistersandIwouldsometimesfightaboutwhichchanneltowatchwhenIwasachild.•B.Thesedays,thereisonlyonechannelwitholdmovies,cookingandfishing.•C.Peoplehavemanychannelstochoosefromnow.（2010年内江市中考卷）猜测词义题常见命题形式如下：1）、Theword“…”inthepassageprobablymeans_________.2）、Whatdoestheword“…”mean______.3）、Theunderlined(划线的)wordmeans_________4）、Theclosemeaningoftheunderlinedword“…”is___inEnglish.5）、Theword“…”refersto________猜测词义题解题技巧：1、通过因果关系猜测词义；2、通过同义词和近、反义词的关系猜词；3、通过构词法猜测词义；4、通过定义或释义说明来推测词义；5、通过描述猜测词义；6、用知识和生活经验猜测词义；7、根据上下文的指代关系进行猜测。典例：69、Inthe2ndparagraph,theclosemeaningoftheunderlinedword“teased”is___inEnglish.（2010年内江中考卷）A.hitB.criticizedC.laughedat60.What'stheChinesemeaningoftheunderlinedwordfined?A.罚款B.给予C.奖励（2011年内江中考卷）推理判断题1、推理深层含义的常见命题形式如下：•Wecaninferfromthepassagethat_______•Thewritersuggestthat_______•Fromthepassage,wecanlearnthat_______•Wemayconcludefromthepassagethat_______•Fromthepassage,itcanbeinferredthat_______推理判断题解题技巧：•与原文相同的细节不能选•文中没有出现的细节不能跳出文章做推断推理判断题2、推理作者意图、观点、态度的常见命题方式如下：•Thewriter’spurposeinwritingthisstoryis……•Inthewriter’sopinion,agoodschoolshould……•Whatshouldbetherightattitudetowards“…”?•Thewriter’sattitudetoward“…”is……例文：Wespentadayinthecountrypickingwildflowers.Withthecarfullofflowersweweregoinghome.Onourwayback,mywifenoticedacupboardoutsideashop.Itwastallandnarrow.“Buyit.”Mywifesaidatonce,“We’llcarryithomeontheroofrack.I’vealwayswantedonelikethat.”WhatcouldIdo?Tenminuteslater,Iwas$20poorer,andthecupboardwastiedontheroofrack.Fromthepassage,wecanseethatinfactthehusband_____thecupboard.A、thoughtitwasworthbuyingB、believedtheyneededtobuyC、wasgladtohaveboughtD、wouldrathernotbuy实战演练•(C)•10%OffShowthisvoucher（优惠券）attheBookStoretogeta10%discount(减价)onanybooksyoubuy.Wehavelotsofbookstochoosefrom,includingchildren’sbooks,novels,travelguidesandhobbies.You’resuretofindsomethingthatyouwillenjoy.AssistantWantedForabusyrestaurantworkonweekends.Allmealsarefree.Callat4323577formoreinformation.LostCatHelpmefindmypetcat!Sheis4yearsold.Shehaslongwhitehairandalongtail.HernameisCathy.CallCarrieat2853527.ChoosethebestchoicefromA、BorCaccordingtowhatyouread.•()71.IfMarywantstobeanassistant,shecanphonethenumber_B_____.•A.2853527B.4323577C.4332577•()72.Youcangeta10%discountonanybooksifyou_A_____attheBookStore.•A.showthisvoucherB.buysometicketsC.buysomegifts•()73.Thereareseveralkindsofbooksonsaleexcept_C_____.•A.children’sbooksB.travelguidesC.magazines•()74.C______lostthewhitecat.•A.CathyB.TheassistantC.Carrie•()75.Theassistanthaslunchattherestaurant,sheshould_A_____.[来源:学*科*网Z*X*X*K]•A.paynothingB.call4323577C.workonMonday•(E)•Inthemid1990’s,peoplestarteddoingbusinessontheInternet.Thereweretwokindsofcompaniesthen.First,thereweretraditionalcompanies.Theysoldthingsinstores.Then,therewereInternetcompanies.Theydidn’thaveastore,andtheyonlysoldthingsontheNet.•Traditionalcompaniesdidn’twanttoloseanybusiness.Quickly,theymadetheirownwebsitesandbegansellingthingsontheNet.Thesearetheso-called“brickandclick”companies(砖块点击公司).Manystoresaremadeofbrick.Andyouclickonyourmousetobuythingswithyourcomputer.That’swherethename“brickandclick”comesfrom.•Bythelate1990’s,competitionamongInternetcompanieswasgreat.Soe-businesslikeamazon.com,buy.com,andetoys.comwereintrouble.Theirprofits(利润)werenotveryhigh.Manyofthesebusinesseswerelosingmuchmoney.In2000,manye-businesseswentoutofbusiness.•Whyarebrickandclickcompanies,likeBarnesandWalmartsosuccessful?First,manycustomersknowandtrust(相信)theirnames.Theirwebsitesareeasytoremember.Thesecompaniesalsohavealotofexperience.Inaword,theyknowhowtorunasuccessfulbusiness.•Intheworldofe-commerce(商业),compa