Unit-15-Assessment-in-Language-Teaching

Unit15AssessmentinLanguageTeaching省级精品课程－《英语教学法》龙岩学院外国语学院ByXuZhijianAimsoftheunit1.Assessmentpurposes2.Assessmentmethods3.Assessmentcriteria4.Assessmentprinciples5.Testinginlanguageassessment省级精品课程－《英语教学法》龙岩学院外国语学院I.Understandingassessment1.What’sassessment?Task1Thefollowingisalistofunderstandingassessmentgivenbydifferentteachers.Whatdoyouthinkofthem?It’stodowithtestingFindingouthowgoodyouareatsomething.Iuseittokeepacheckonmylearners,byspellingtests,smallquizzesandthingslikethat.Itisanon-goingprocesswhichfocusesonthewholelifeofourschool.Findingoutifwearebeingeffective.Ifeelasthoughit’sabigstickhangingoverourheads,teacherevaluationandallthat.Findingoutstrengthsandweaknessesofourstudentsandourselves.Iusetestsinmyclassroom.Ialsousequizzes—asawayofkeepingacheckonthestudents’learning.Ialsomarktheirwork,sometimeswithagradebutusuallyacomment.Itistodowithrecord-keeping,collectinginformationabouthowwellthestudentsaredoing.2.Thedifferencesbetweentesting,assessmentandevaluationTesting:Itoftentakesthe‘pencilandpaper’formanditisusuallydoneattheendofalearningperiod,suchasunit-test,mid-term-test,semester-testetc.2.Thedifferencesbetweentesting,assessmentandevaluationAssessment:itinvolvesthecollectingofinformationorevidenceofalearner’slearningprogressandachievementoveraperiodoftimeforthepurposesofimprovingteachingandlearning.2.Thedifferencesbetweentesting,assessmentandevaluationEvaluation:Itinvolvesmakinganoveralljudgmentaboutone’sworkorawholeschool’swork.AccordingtoCameron,itcanbeconcernedwith‘awholerangeofissuesinandbeyondlanguageeducation:lessons,courses,programs,andskillscanallbeevaluated.3.AssessmentpurposesAssessmentinELTmeanstodiscoverwhatthelearnersknowandcandoatacertainstageofthelearningprocess.Task3:Whatdoyouthinkarethepurposesofassessment?1.Todiscoverlearners’weaknessesN2.Todiscoverlearners’achievementsY3.ToevaluatetheexistingcurriculumY4.Tocheckuponteachers’performanceY5.TomotivatelearnersY6.ToprovideanincentiveforlearningYTask3:Whatdoyouthinkarethepurposesofassessment?7.Toprovidethebasisforfurtherplanningofteaching:whattoteachnextY8.ToqualifystudentsY9.ToprovidethebasisforcorrectionN10.ToprovidecriteriatoqualifyforhigherlevelstudiesY11.ToprovidelearnerswithasenseofaccomplishmentY12.Tofostertheabilitytolearn.Y3.AssessmentpurposesAclosestudyontheassessmentpurposeswillmakeitclearthatallthepeopleinvolvedineducationhavesomereasonstoconsiderassessmentnecessary.1)foradministratorsTheyneedtoknowwhethertheprogrammestheyhaveplannedareworkingwell.Theonlywaytodothisistodiscoverhowwellthestudentsaredoingwiththeircourses.2)forteachersTeachersputtheadministrators’plansintopractice.theyneedtoknowwhathasbeendoneandwhatneedstobedonenext;whatthestudentsalreadyknoworcandoandwhattheydonotknoworcannotdoyet.3)forparentsTheyareanxioustoknowhowtheirchildrenaredoinginschool.Unabletowatchtheirkidsintheclass,parentsvaluethefeedbackabouttheirchildren’sperformancefromtheteachersandtheschool.4)forstudentsTheyneedtoknowwhatthey’veaccomplished,beawareofwhattheyneedtoworkonnext,andbuilduptheirconfidenceandsatisfactionfromwhattheyhaveachieved.Itshouldbenotedthatbothpositiveandnegativeassessmentshouldbemadeavailabletothelearner,ashonestlyaspossible.II.MethodsforassessmentAssessmentincludestestingbutdefinitelynotonlytesting.Assessmentisoftendividedintosummativeassessmentandformativeassessment.summativeassessment:(终结性评价)Summativeassessmentismainlybasedontesting.Itisdonemostlyattheendofalearningperiodortheendofaschoolyear.Formativeassessment:（形成性评价）Formativeassessmentisbasedoninformationcollectedintheclassroomduringtheteachingprocessesforthepurposesofimprovingteachingandlearning,therefore,itissometimestermedasclassroomassessmentaswell.Thewaystogatherstudentslearninginformation.1.Teacher’sobservationsTeacher’sobservationsofthelearners’overallperformanceorachievementcanbequiteaccurateandfair.2.Continuousassessment3.Self-assessmentandpeerassessmentThewaystogatherstudentslearninginformation.3.ProjectworkProjectworkrequiresstudentstocompleteasetoftasksdesignedtoexploreacertainideaorconcept.4.Portfolios:(档案袋)Aportfolioisapurposefulcollectionofmaterialsassembledoveraperiodoftimebyalearnertoprovideevidenceofskills,abilitiesandattitudes.III.AssessmentcriteriaItisagreedthatassessmentmeanstodiscoverhowwelllearnersknowthingsorcandothings.But“well”isoftencomparatively“well”,notabsolutely“well”.Dependingondifferentassessmentpurposesandthestageatwhichtheassessmentismade,assessmentshouldbemadeaccordingtodifferentcriteriaorreferences.1.Criterion-referencedassessment(标准参照)Criterion-referencedlanguageassessmentisbasedonafixedstandardorasetcrite-rion.Thenationalorlocaleducationalauthoritymayhavethisstandardorcriterion.Aschoolorseveralschoolsinadistrictmayhavetheirstandardorsetcriterionforwhateverpurposestheymighthave.Afixedstandardisusuallytheultimategoalwhichthestudentsareexpectedtoachieveattheendofthecourse.2.Norm-referencedassessment（常模参照）Norm-referencedassessmentisdesignedtomeasurehowtheperformanceofapar-ticularstudentorgroupofstudentscompareswiththep