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AKeynoteSpeechatthe2ndSymposiumonEnvironmentalPollutionRespectedPresident,LadiesandGentlemen,It'smygreathonortomakethekeynotespeechatthisconference.Nowadays,PM2.5hasbecomeanenvironmentalproblemwecan’tneglectanymore.ArecentresearchshowsveryhighlevelsofPM2.5inabroadswathstretchingfromtheSaharanDesertinNorthernAfricatoEasternAsia.PM2.5referstotheatmospherediameterlessthanorequaltotheparticles2.5microns.AlthoughPM2.5onlygroupcontentofafewearthatmosphericcompositionpoints,butithasanimportantinfluenceonairqualityandvisibility,especiallyinwinter.Besides,PM2.5,whichhasasmallparticlesize,containsalotoftoxicandharmfulsubstances.Asaresult,longtimeexposuretoPM2.5whichcangodirectlytothealveoliofthelungs,isamajorhealthhazard.Infact,theAmericanHeartAssociationestimatesthatintheUnitedStatesalone,PM2.5airpollutionsparksome60,000deathsayear.Recently,PM2.5hasinfluencedourlifeobviously.Therearefogandhazyweatherinbigcityfromtimetotime,whichevencausesmanyprotesthazeactivitiesinChina.Andmanyfactorsmaycontributetoit.Firstly,thelargeamountofpollutantemission,includingcoal-firedpollution,motorvehicleemission,industrialpollutionanddustistherootcauseofseriousairpollution.Secondly,theproliferationofadversecondition.Theextremeadverseconditionsforthespreadofcontaminationisthedirectcauseoftheformationofthiscontamination.Thirdly,regionalpollutionandthecontributionoflocalpollutionoverlay.DuetotheworseharmsofPM2.5,itbecamethestudyobjectandchiefpollutantforrigorouscontrolintheworld,especiallyinthedevelopedcountries,duringrecentyears.ButChinadoesnotbuildanyPM2.5controlstandarduntilnow.Inchina,studiesofPM2.5arejustunderway,andthestudiesmainlyfocusonmetropolisesandseriouslypollutedcities.ButthegovernmentofChinahasrealizetheproblem.ChineseStateCouncilpassedrevisedairqualitystandardswhichincludeanindexforPM2.5onFebruary29,2012.ThenewstandardsincludeindicesfortheconcentrationofPM2.5andozone(O3)overaperiodofeighthours.In2012,themonitoringofPM2.5andO3willbeconductedinfourmunicipalities,27provincialcapitals,aswellasthreekeyregions--eastChina'sYangtzeRiverDelta,southChina'sPearlRiverDelta,andBeijing-Tianjin-Hebeiareainthenorth.In2013,themonitoringhasbeenextendedto113modelcitiesonthestateenvironmentalprotectionlist.In2015,themonitoringwillbeextendedtoallcitiesatprefecturelevelorabove.So,it’simportantforustofindawaytomeasureandreducethelevelofPM2.5,whichmayhelpthegovernmentreachthegoals.Therearemanywaystosolvetheproblem.Forexample,manycountrieshavebeendevelopingnewenergytocurbgreenhousegasemissionsandfightclimatechange,whilebuzzwordssuchascleanenergy,greenenergyandrenewableenergyreceivemuchpublicity.Ibelievewecansurelycontroltheairpollutioninthefuturewiththeconcertedefforts.Thankyou!