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Chapter2–ManagementYesterdayandTodayTrue/False1．AccordingtoAdamSmith,divisionoflaborwasanimportantconcept.True(easy)2．IntheIndustrialRevolution,machinepowerbegansubstitutingforhumanpower.True(easy)3．“PrinciplesofScientificManagement”waswrittenbyFrederickTaylor.True(moderate)4．FrankGilbreth’sbest-knowncontributiontoscientificmanagementconcernedselectingthebestworker.False(moderate)5．FrederickTaylorismostassociatedwiththeprinciplesofscientificmanagement.True(easy)6．OnecouldsaythatFayolwasinterestedinstudyingmacromanagementissues,whereasTaylorwasinterestedinstudyingmicromanagementissues.True(moderate)7．Bureaucracy,asdescribedbyWeber,emphasizesrationalityandinterpersonalrelationships.False(moderate)8．Decisionsondeterminingacompany’soptimuminventorylevelshavebeensignificantlyinfluencedbyeconomicorderquantitymodeling.True(moderate)9.Thesystemsperspectiveunderscoresandemphasizesthefactthatorganizationsaredifferent,facedifferentcircumstances,andthusmayrequiredifferentwaysofmanaging.False(moderate)MultipleChoice1．AdamSmith's,TheWealthofNations,putforththattheprimaryeconomicadvantagebysocietieswouldbegainedfromwhichofthefollowingconcepts?ea.managementplanningandcontrolb.on-the-jobtrainingc.unionrepresentationd.fairemploymentlegislatione.divisionoflabor(difficult)2．Whichofthefollowingisnotoneofthefourmanagementapproachesthatgrewoutofthefirsthalfofthiscentury?da.scientificmanagementb.generaladministrativec.organizationalbehaviord.systemsapproach(easy)e.quantitative3．WhichofthefollowingisNOToneofTaylor’sfourprinciplesofmanagement?da.Developascienceforeachelementofanindividual’swork,whichwillreplacetheoldrule-of-thumbmethod.b.Scientificallyselectandthentrain,teach,anddeveloptheworker.c.Heartilycooperatewiththeworkerssoastoensurethatallworkisdoneinaccordancewiththeprinciplesdeveloped.d.Providemanagerswilllessworkthanotheremployeessothemanagerscanplanaccordingly.(difficult)4．Generaladministrativetheoryfocusesonaa.theentireorganization.(easy)b.managersandadministrators.c.themeasurementoforganizationaldesignrelationships.d.primarilytheaccountingfunction.e.administrativeissuesaffectingnon-managerialemployees.5．Thefourteenprinciplesofmanagementareassociatedwithwhom?ea.Weberb.Druckerc.Taylord.Gilbrethe.Fayol(moderate)6．Whichofthefollowingapproachestomanagementhasalsobeenlabeledoperationsresearchormanagementscience?ba.Thequalitativeapproachb.Thequantitativeapproach(easy)c.Theexperimentalapproachd.Thetheoreticalapproach7．Whichofthefollowingwouldnotbeassociatedwiththequantitativeapproachtomanagement?ca.informationmodelsb.critical-pathschedulingc.systematicmotivationofindividuals(moderate)d.linearprogramminge.statistics8．Withoutquestion,themostimportantcontributiontothedevelopingfieldoforganizationalbehaviorcameoutofthe__________d_____.a.TaylorStudies.b.PorterStudies.c.ParkerStudies.d.HawthorneStudies.(moderate)9．WhatscientistismostcloselyassociatedwiththeHawthorneStudies?ba.Adamsb.Mayo(easy)c.Lawlerd.Barnarde.Follett10．OneoutcomeoftheHawthornestudiescouldbedescribedbywhichofthefollowingstatements?aa.Socialnormsarethekeydeterminantsofindividualworkbehavior.(moderate)b.Moneyismoreimportantthanthegrouponindividualproductivity.c.Behaviorandemployeesentimentsareinverselyrelated.d.Securityisrelativelyunimportant.e.Whilegroupsareanimportantdeterminantofworkerproductivity,theindividualhim/herselfismostimportant.11.Accordingtothetext,_________b____arenotinfluencedbyanddonotinteractwiththeirenvironment.a.opensystemsb.closedsystems(easy)c.flextimesystemsd.reversesystemse.forwardsystems12.The___________a__viewofamanager'sjobimpliesthatdecisionsandactionstakeninoneorganizationalareawillimpactotherareas.a.systems(moderate)b.contingencyc.conceptuald.functionale.environmental