Unit2NumbersModule1Amazingthings自主预习一、根据汉语写出英文单词1.指示;命令(n.)_______________2.检查;核实(v.)_______________3.印度(n.)_______________4.数量;数额(n.)_______________5.充满智慧的(adj.)_______________6.剩余部分(n.)_______________7.代替;顶替(adv.)_______________8.许诺;承诺(v.)_______________9.抄写;誊写(v.)_______________10.认识到;意识到(v.)_______________11.准确无误地;正确地(adv.)_______________12.向(某人)挑战(v.)_______________instructionscheckIndiaamountwiserestinsteadpromisecopyrealizecorrectlychallenge二、根据汉语写出下列词组1.很早以前_________________2.向(某人)挑战_________________3.……等等_________________4.命令某人做某事_________________5.赢了游戏_________________6.交通事故_________________alongtimeagochallenge...to...andsoonordersb.todosth.winthegametrafficaccident三、翻译下列句子1.很久以前,在印度有一位国王。__________________________________________2.如果你赢了游戏,就可以要任何奖赏。__________________________________________3.难道你不想换为黄金或白银吗?__________________________________________4.因此国王命令他的下人装好一袋米。__________________________________________5.国王很快意识到这个问题。__________________________________________Alongtimeago,therewasakinginIndia.Youcanhaveanyprizeifyouwinthegame.Wouldn’tyoulikegoldorsilverinstead?Sothekingorderedhismentocollectabagofrice.Thekingquicklyrealizedtheproblem.词汇精析【1】instructionsn.[pl.]astatementofhowtodosomething.指示;命令Thisbookgivesinstructionsformakingawiderangeofskinandhandcreams.这本书给出了多种护肤霜和护手霜的制作说明。【同根词】(1)instructv.指示;指导HeinstructedmeinEnglish.他指导我学英语。搭配:①instructsb.in(doing)sth.教某人(做)某事HisuncleinstructedhiminFrench.他的叔叔教他法语。②instructsb.todosth.指示、吩咐某人做某事Don’tinstructyoursontolie.别叫你的儿子说谎。(2)instructorn.指导者;教员Heisoneofmytraininginstructors.他是我的其中一位训练导师。【辨析】teach,instruct,educate,coach,train与tutor这些动词均有“教;教育;培养”之意。(1)teach是最普通用词,含义广泛,指直接教某人知识或技能等,侧重传播知识和帮助应用知识。(2)instruct与teach含义很接近,但语体较正式,指系统、详细、精心地传播知识,侧重教授与指示。(3)educate为较正式用词,指教育,内容比teach广泛,侧重动机或结果,或对潜在能力的开发。(4)coach指对个人或小组等进行辅导、训练或补课。(5)train指训练与培养。(6)tutor指进行个别教学或课外辅导。【应用】He__________(instruction)metolearnEnglishgrammarlastyear.instructed【2】checkv.&n.tolookatsomethinginordertomakesurethatitisrightorcorrect检查;核实Checktheaccuracyofeverythinginyourresume.核查你简历中每一项的准确性。【拓展】(1)checkup检查;核对Iwillcheckupthefigure.我将核对一下这个数字。(2)checkin报到;到达登记Wecheckedinattheairportanhourbeforeourplanetookoff.我们在飞机起飞前1小时到达机场办理登机手续。(3)checkout结账离开Theycheckedouttenminutesago.他们十分钟前就结账走了。【应用】()You’dbetteraskthedoctorto______ifyouhaveaheadache.A.checkdownB.checkupC.checkinB【拓展】(1)-ian通常作单词的后缀,表示“……人”,如:technician(技工),Italian(意大利人)。Tom’sfatherworksasatechnicianinafactory.汤姆的父亲是一家工厂的技工。(2)类似的后缀还有-er/-or/-ist,如:teacher(老师),doctor(医生),scientist(科学家)。【应用】LangLangisoneofthemostpopular__________(music)inChina.musicians【3】Indian.acountryinsouthernAsiasurroundedonthreesidesbytheIndianOcean印度IfyoucometoIndiaforjustonething,thisshouldbeit.如果你只为一件事来到印度,那就到这儿来吧。【同根词】Indiann.印度人;印第安人adj.印度的;印度人的;印第安人的SheisanIndian.她是印度人。【应用】Hecomesfromabeautiful__________(India)town.Indian【4】wiseadj.havingunderstandingandgoodjudgmentaboutwhatistrueorright充满智慧的Shehadmadeaverywisedecision.她做出了一个非常明智的决定。【同根词】wisdomn.智慧Thisbookisfullofwisdom.这本书充满了智慧。【拓展】wise=clever=bright=intelligentHeisawiseman.=Heisacleverman.=Heisabrightman.=Heisanintelligentman.他是一个聪明的人。【应用】(1)With__________(wise),wecanmaketherightchoice.(2)()Sheissowisethatsheworksouttheproblem.(选出可以替换画线部分的最佳选项)A.sillyB.strongC.brightwisdomC【5】challengev.toinvitesomeonetoenteracompetitionortodosomethingthatrequirescourageorskill向(某人)挑战Thenewgovernment’sfirstchallengeistheeconomy.新政府面临的第一项挑战是经济问题。【同根词】(1)challengern.挑战者Thechampionbeatthechallengerinthesecondround.冠军在第二回合把挑战者打败了。(2)challengingadj.有挑战性的Thisworkischallenging.这份工作很有挑战性。【拓展】challengesb.tosth.向某人挑战某事Hechallengesmetochess.他向我挑战下象棋。【应用】Heisa__________(challenge)intherace.challenger【6】promisev.tostate,inawaythatmakessomeonefeelsure许诺;承诺Promisemeyouwillnotwasteyourtime.向我承诺你不会浪费你的时间。【拓展】(1)promisesb.+that从句向某人许诺、保证……IpromiseyouthatIwillmakeit.我向你保证我会做到的。(2)promisetodo承诺去做Theypromisedtodobetterinthefuture.他们承诺将来会做得更好。(3)makeapromise许下诺言Ifyoumakeapromise,youshouldkeepit!如果作出承诺,你就该去遵守!(4)breakone’spromise食言Heneverbreakshispromise.他从不食言。【应用】Hepromised__________(finish)theworkontime.tofinish【7】amountn.howmuchsomethingis;quantity数量;数额Heneedsthatamountofmoneytosurvive.他需要那笔钱来维持生活。【拓展】anamountof“许多;相当数量的”,后面通常接不可数名词。Hespentalargeamountofmoney.他花了很多钱。【应用】()Ittookheranamountoftimetodothehousework.(选出可以替换画线部分的最佳选项)A.alotofB.manyC.lotofA【8】restn.apieceorpartthatremains剩余部分;don’tdoanythingactiveforatime休息Thefirstpaymentwasmadeyesterday,andtherestwillbepaidnextmonth.第一笔款昨天已支付,其余部分将在下个月支付。You’rewornout.Pleasegohomeandgetsomerest.你累坏了。快回家休息一下吧。【拓展】(1)therestof...剩余的……Pleaseputtherestofthebooksaway.请把剩余的书放好。(2)havearest休息一下Youshouldhavearestafterthework.工作之余你应该休息一下。【辨析】havearest与haveabreakrest和break都有“休息”的意思。havearest指长时间的休息;have/takeabreak表示短暂的休息。break的意思是“打断”,短语有haveabreak,常指在活动中间,打断一下,稍停一停,比如工间休息、课间休息、会议中间的休息,大家起来活动活动,过了10分钟、20分钟后还接着上班、上课、开会。rest的意思是“休息”,指的是工作、学习、玩儿,累了,要休息休息,而且也不表示休息之后还要继续工作或学习等。【应用】()Therearesomebookshere.TwoareEnglishbooks,therestofthemareMaths.(选出可以替换画线部分的最佳选项)A.thebestofB.theotherofC.someofB【9】insteadadv.inpla