情态动词归纳表

第1页共2页情态动词归纳表情态V词义&用法注意事项特殊用法cancould1.表具备某种能力Can表现在能力；Could表示过去能力.可用beableto代替；was/wereabletoto表示成功做了某事（1）表惊异、怀疑、不相信、不耐烦等。（此意常用于否定句、疑问句或惊叹句语气）Can/Couldthisbetrue?（2）cannot…too\enough表示无论怎样``````也不过分,越``````越好：Youcan'tbetoocareful.2.表请求和允许①请求用could语气委婉②允许不用could.3.表“可能性”①can用于否定和疑问句(could不限)②can(be)表示有时候会（常与sometimes,attimes连用）maymight1.表请求和允许①请求用might语气更委婉。②允许时用may，表示“可以”（表示允许时不用might）。（1）may/mightwell+V原形：表完全可能,，很可能=beverylikelyto:Hemaywellbeproudforhisson.（2）may/mightaswell+V原形：最好，满可以，倒不如Youmayaswellstayhereovernight.2.表可能性“也许”此意常用于肯定句。（might可能最小）3表祝愿固定句型为“May+主语+V原型”：Mayyousucceed!must1.表“必须”①must多表主观、现在/将来义务;haveto多表客观、过去义务②mustn't表禁止；否定用needn't/don'thaveto（1）表示必然结果：Allmenmustdie.人固有一死。（2）表示一种与说话人愿望相反、不耐烦的感情色彩，可译为“一定要、偏偏、非要”：Ifyoumustknow,hernameisMary.2.表推测：“肯定是、准是”只用于肯定句。在否定句/疑问句中用can/couldwillwould1.表意愿,决心等Would此时为will过去式，无意义差别（1）will表命令（说话者确定命令一定会得到执行）或允诺：Youwillreporttomeafterwards.(命令)Theywillgetenoughmoneyfromme.(允诺)（2）可用于祈使句附加疑问句(反义疑问句)：(此时would比will委婉)Don’tgonow,willyou?（3）would短语：wouldrather/wouldprefer宁愿；wouldlike/wouldlove喜欢/想要2.表经常性，习惯性，倾向性，Would表过去反复的动作/某种倾向(相对于usedto无“现已无此习惯”之义。)3.表功能，性质叙述真理：Thetreewillleavewithoutwaterfor3months.4.表估计：“想必，大概”（只时态区别）此意表对目前事物的预料。Thatwillbethepostmanringing.(would表示过去/现在；will表示现在/将来)5.表“请求/要求”（Willyou？）此意用于疑问句，常与you连用Willyougivemeapieceofpaper?shall/shan’t1.表征求意见（“好不好”）用在第一、三人称Shallthereporterswaitoutsideorwhat?其他示例：HeshallhavethebookwhenIfinishreading.(允诺)Youshallfailifyoudon'tworkharder.（警告）Youshallcomeatonce.（命令）2.表允诺、威胁、警告、命令或根据规定有义务做用于第二、第三人称Passengersshallnottalkwiththedriverwhilethebusismoving3.表规章、法令、预言：“必须”用于所有人称Everycompetitorshallwearanumbershouldoughtto1.表示道义上的责任，义务或要求，有时表示劝告：Yououghtto/shouldpaymoreattentiontowhatyourlawyersays.（1）should用于疑问句中表示说话人对某事不能理解，惋惜，感到意外，赞叹，愤怒、惊异等感情，意为“竟会”，有时也用于陈述句中（2）Should还可以用在if引导的条件从句，表示一件事听起来可能性很小，但也不是完全没有可能，相当于“万一”的意思。（见注意②）2.表示推测和可能性，是“(按理说)应该”之意肯定的语气没有must用于推测时强Thispenoughtto/shouldbeyours.3.表示说话人的一种谦逊，客气，委婉的语气此意常用于第一人称时：Youaremistaken,Ishouldsay.(依我看你是搞错了)注：情态动词在表推测的肯定程度是不一样的。按最有把握到最没把握排列，这几个词的顺序是；must—will—would—should—can—could—may—might【情态动词(ModalVerbs)】第2页共2页*情态动词也可称为“情态助动词(ModalAuxiliaries)”，因为它和基本助动词(be,do,have)都属于助动词类。*情态动词和其他动词连用，可表示说话人的语气。*情态动词可表达建议、要求、可能和意愿等。*情态动词没有人称和数的变化。*常用的情态动词有：can,could,may,might,must,shall,should,will,would这九大情态动词；其他的还有oughtto,need,dare等。*时态部分：be表示对现在的推测havedone表示对过去的推测bedoing表示对正在进行的推测中考考点情态动词练习1.-Mum，mayIwatchTVnow?-Sure,butyou________helpmewithmyEnglish.A.canB.mayC.mustD.could2.-________Idownloadthearticleagain?-No,youneedn't.A.ShallB.WillC.MustD.Can3.-Canyougoskatingwithusthisafternoon?-Sorry,Ican't.I________takecareofmylittlesisterathome.A.canB.mayC.wouldD.haveto4.-MustIhandinmyexercisebooktoday?-No，you________.A.can'tB.needn'tC.mustn'tD.won't5.-MayIhaveawordwithyou?-No,you________.I'mbusytoday.A.needn'tB.wouldn'tC.don'thavetoD.can't6.-________IhaveyourEnglishname,please?-Yes,Helen.H-E-L-E-N.A.MustB.MayC.WillD.Need7.-Whoistheboyoverthere?IsitJohn?-No,it________behim.Johnismuchtaller.A.mustn'tB.maynotC.can'tD.needn't8.-CanyouplayFrisbee,Jay?-Yes,I________.It'seasy.A.mustB.canC.needD.may9.-Youmustcomebackeverymonth.-Yes,I________.A.willB.mustC.shouldD.can10.She________knowtheanswer,butI'mnotsure.A.maybeB.maybeC.mayD.must11.-Mustwecleantheroomrightnow?-No，you.Youcleanitafterlunch.A.needn't；mayB.needn't;mustC.Mustn't；canD.mustn't；may12.John________cometoseeustonight,butheisn'tverysureyet.A.mayB.canC.hastoD.must13.Children________playwithfire.A.mustn'tB.can'tC.shouldn'tD.needn't14.-________Icomein,Mr.Green?-Yes,comein，please.A.MustB.NeedC.WillD.May15.-MustIfinishtheworktoday?-No,you________.You________finishittomorrow.A.mustn't；mayB.can't；canC.needn't；mayD.needn't；must