ElectronicDesignEngineering19Vol.1915No.1520118Aug.2011RFID1,1,2,2(1.,200135;2.201203):,RFID(RadioFrequencyIdentification)。RFIDMCUPIC16F877A,CC2500。,RSSI(ReceivedSignalStrengthIndicator,),RSSI,。,。:RFID;;;RSSI:TP311:A1674-6236(2011)15-0050-04DesignofakindofindoorlocatingsystembasedonRFIDZHANGYing1,MIAOQuan-li1,LIUXiao-hua2,XUHai-lin2(1.CollegeofInformationEngineering,ShanghaiMaritimeUniversity,Shanghai200135,China;2.ShanghaiJietuSoftwareCo.,Ltd,Shanghai201203,China)Abstract:Amingatthedemandofindoorwirelessarealocating,akindofwirelesslocatingsystembasedonactiveRFIDtechnologywasdesigned.Theultra-lowpowerconsumptionMCUchipPIC16F877Awasadoptedasthecorecontrolunitforthereaderandtagsystem,thecommunicationunitconsistsofthecoreRFtransceiverchipCC2500whichisultra-lowpowerconsumptionwiththeexternalfiltersandtheantenna.RSSI(ReceivedSignalStrengthIndicator)canbeobtainedintheprocessofcommunicationbetweenreaderandtags.AccordingtothechangesofRSSIduringthereadermoving,thedistancebetweenreaderandtagscanbepredicted.WhenmoresignalsofRSSIobtainedfrommorefixedtags,thereadercanbelocatedbythesewirelesssignals.Experimentresultshowsthatthewirelesslocatingsystemcangetafinelocatingprecisioninthecommonindoorenvironment.Keywords:RFID;reader;tag;RSSI1Fig.1Systemstructureofthereader:2011-05-23:201105095:(20110036);(J50602);(09511503400):(1968—),,,,。:,,RFID。,,。GPS,,[1]。RFID,PICPIC16F877ATICC2500,、,。1RFID。4,1。、、、。,,。,ASK,。。。,RS-232,-50-2Fig.2Systemstructureofthetag3Fig.3Schematicofthecircuitaroundsingle-chipmicrocontroller。、、,2。SPI,,。,,ID,,;,。22.1,、,MicrochipPIC16F877A。PIC16F877ARISC16,(In-CircuitDebugger),。35,8k×14FLASH,368×8RAM,8,,,25mA/,3,10A/D,/。、、,、、。PIC16F877A。3。,PIC16F877ARB0~RB3RC7,RD4~RD7;OSC1OSC2;PIC16F877ASPICC2500CC2500。2.2、、,TICC2500。CC2500TI、、2.4GHz,2400~2483.5MHz。RF500kbit/s,64/FIFO()。CC2500SPI。,[2-3]。CC2500、、,Rainsun,4。CC25004SPI(SI,SO,SCLKCSN)PIC16F877A,。SI,SO,SCLK,CSN,。SPI/。CC2500。2.3RFID、,,,,,2.4~3.6V。,。2.42.45GHzRFID,RFID-51-《》2011154CC2500Fig.4SchematicofthecircuitaroundCC2500(EMC),。,,,。PCB、、,PCB。,,CC2500。,,,、。RFID,,。33.1RFIDLANDMARC。LAND-MARCRFID。,,RSSI,RSSI,RSSI,。LANDMARCRSSI,,,。3.2RFID(1),RSSI,d,n。RSSI=-(A+10·n1gd)(1)(1),An。An。AdBm1m。-40dBm,A40。n,[4]。RSSI,,(1),d。,-,,[5],(2)。RSSI=-(A+10n1gd)-EAF(2)EAF(dBm),,。EAF(dBm),,-。RSSIRSSI,EAF(dBm)11dBm,A45,n3.5。RSSI,(2),LANDMARC。5。1p1(x1,y1),2p2(x2,y2),3p3(x3,y3),p(x,y)。[6]:(x-x1)2+(y-y1)2=r21(x-x2)2+(y-y2)2=r22(x-x3)2+(y-y3)2=r22222222222(3)(2):x22y=2(x1-x3)2(y1-y3)2(x2-x3)2(y2-y322)-1x21-x23+y21-y23-r21+r23x22-x23+y22-y23-r22+r2322(4)-52-5Fig.5Schematicdiagramoflocatingbythree-sidemeasurement6Fig.6Flowchartoflocatingsystem3.3RFIDMPLABIDE7.4,C,、,。RFID6。4PIC16F877ACC2500RFIDRFID,。RFID。:[1]CarrollM,WysockiTA.Fadingcharacteristicsforindoorwirelesschannelsat5GHzunlicensedbands[C]//inProc.SympoTIC'03,theJointFirstWorkshoponMobileFutureandSymposiumonTrendsinCommunications,Bratislava,Slovakia,2003:102-105.[2]RabaeyJM,AmmerMJ,daSilvaJLJr,etal.PicoRadiosupportsadhocultra-lowpowerwirelessnetworking[J].Computer,2000,33(7):42-48.[3]TexasInstruments,CC2500Datasheet[R].2007[4]SavareseC,RabaeyJM,BeutelJ.Locatingindistributedad-hocwirelesssensornetwork[C]//Proc.ofthe2001IEEEInternationalConferenceonAcoustics,Speech,andSignalProcessing,SaltLakeCity:IEEESignalProcessingSociety,2001(4):2037-2040.[5]BulusuN,HeidemannJ,EstrinD,GPS-lesslowcostoutdoorlocalizationforverysmalldevices[J].IEEEPersonalCommunications,2000,7(5):28-34.[6],(RFID)[D].:,2005.!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!2011TI,2011TI,9,2011TI。,,,,,2011,2011、、、、、、、、。TI、、、。,。,、、、,MSP430、CortexM3C2000,、、,。(TI)IC。TI1997,,,,,,。TIDSP,。:2011151004,RFID-53-