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⼀一、 数学符号 等于： =equal to, the same as, is more than less than≥ no less than≤ no more than减： –subtract a from b乘： ×multiply, product除： ÷ a divided by b绝对值：｜∣absolute value平⽅方： x2square ⽴立⽅方： x3 cube开平⽅方： squareroot开⽴立⽅方：cube root平⾏行行：parallel to垂直：perpendicular to ⼆二. Arithmetic (算数) 与 Algebra (代数) 1. 数列列和集合 arithmetic sequence等差数列列geometric sequence 等⽐比数列列set 集合subse⼦子集sequence 序列列term 序列列中的项inclusive包含序列列的⾸首末项exclusive不不包含序列列的⾸首末项 2.数 common divisioncommon factor 公因⼦子，公因数composite number质数consecutive integer连续整数digit位divided被除数divide除以divisor 除数，因⼦子factor 因⼦子integer整数irrational⽆无理理数least common multiple最⼩小公倍数multiple 倍数，公倍数natural number⾃自然数negative number负数prime factor质因⼦子quotient 商remainder 余数tens digit⼗十位数 tenths digit ⼗十分位units digit 个位数3.单利利复利利和价格 compound interest复利利margin利利润markup涨价profit利利润purchasing price购买价4. 其它代数arithmetic mean算术平均数closest approximation近似 decimal ⼩小数decimal notation⼗十进制decimal point ⼩小数点denominator分⺟母 denote 表示，代表depreciation 折旧directly proportional to正⽐比于distinct 不不同的expression 表达式factorial 阶乘inversely proportional to反⽐比于numerator分⼦子per capita⼈人均reciprocal 倒数 三、Geometry(⼏几何) acute angle锐⻆角altitude⾼高arc弧angle bisector⻆角平分线bisect平分circumference圆周⻓长circumscribe外接，外切clockwise顺时针concentric circle 同⼼心圆cone圆锥congruent全等的coordinate坐标 counterclockwise逆时针cylinder圆柱decagon⼗十边形diameter 直径diagonal 对⻆角线dimension⼤大⼩小，维度due north 正北北⽅方equilateral triangle等边三⻆角形face⾯面hexagon六边形hypotenuse 斜边isosceles triangle等腰三⻆角形inscribe内接、内切number lines数轴obtuse angle钝⻆角octagon ⼋八边形overlap交叠 parallelogram平⾏行行四边形 perimeter 周⻓长parallel lines 平⾏行行线perpendicular lines垂直线polygon多边形quadrant象限quadrilateral 四边形radian弧度（弧⻓长/半径）regular polygon正多边形rectangular solid ⻓长⽅方体 right angle直⻆角 right triangle直⻆角三⻆角形rhombus菱形straight angle平⻆角tangent相切trapezoid梯形vertical angle对顶⻆角四、Data Analysis(数据分析) 1.图表 frequency / count频率relative frequency 相对频率 bar graph 条形图 segmented bar graph分段的条形图 sector扇区 histogram直⽅方图，柱状图univariate单变量量的 trend 趋势，⾛走向bivariate 双变量量的2. 数据 combination permutation probability, possibility 概率central tendency 集中趋势 arithmetic mean/mean算术平均值median 中位数mode众数 weighted mean加权平均数quartile四分位数percentile 百分位数interquartile range四分位差outlier 异常值dispersion 离差boxplots 箱线图standard deviation 标准偏差 sample standard deviation样本标准偏差 intersection交集disjoint/ mutually exclusive互斥inclusion-exclusion principle容斥原理理 probability experiment概率试验 sample space样本空间random selection随机抽样mutually exclusive互相排斥的factorial阶乘distribution curve分布曲线 density curve密度曲线frequency curve 频率曲线random variable 随机变量量probability distribution 概率分布expected value/mean of random variable x期望 discrete random variables 离散型随机变量量 approximately normally distributed近似正态分布 continuous probability distribution连续概率分布standard deviation & mean 标准偏差和平均值continuous random variable连续随机变量量standard normal distribution 标准正态分布附录⼆二 GRE数学常⽤用公式