任意波形发生器设计

学号：14122502243毕业设计题目：任意波形发生器设计作者刘慧届别2016院部物理与电子学院专业电子科学与技术指导老师易立华职称副教授完成时间2016.05毕业设计I摘要任意波形发生器(ArbitraryWaveformGenerator,AWG)作为一种多波型的信号发生器，它不仅可以产生锯齿波、正弦波等常规波形，而且还能表现出载波调制的多样化特点，使波形发生调幅、调相、调频和脉冲调制等。甚至能利用计算机软件实现波形的编辑，生成用户所需要的任意波形。任意波形发生器广泛应用于自动控制、电子电路和科学试验领域，是一款给电子测量工作提供符合技术要求的电信号设备。因此在各个领域都得到迅猛的发展。本论文设计一款任意波形发生器，该系统由输入模块、FPGA模块、DAC数模转换模块、显示模块4个部分组成。该设计将虚拟化的仪器技术、串行总线接口技术和直接数字频率合成技术完美地结合在一起，以现场可编程门阵列（FPGA）作为硬件基础，然后再通过逻辑设计、系统软件设计和系统硬件电路设计，实现了一款基于直接数字频率合成技术的低成本、便携式、可扩展的可立即使用的任意波形发生器。关键词：数字频率合成器；verilog；FPGA；仿真毕业设计IIAbstractArbitrarywaveformgenerator(ArbitraryWaveformGenerator,AWG)isamultiwavesignalgenerator.Itcannotonlygeneratesasawtoothwave,sinewaveandsoonconventionalwaveformandthediversificationofthemodulatedcarrier,sothatthewaveformoccurrenceamplitudemodulation,phasemodulation,frequencymodulationandpulsemodulation.Canevenusecomputersoftwaretorealizethewaveformoftheeditor,theuserneedstogeneratearbitrarywaveform.Arbitrarywaveformgeneratoriswidelyusedinthefieldofautomaticcontrol,electroniccircuitandscientificexperiment.Itisanelectricalsignalequipmentwhichmeetsthetechnicalrequirementsforelectronicmeasurement.Thispaperdesignsanarbitrarywaveformgenerator,whichiscomposedof4parts,inputmodule,FPGAmodule,DACmoduleanddisplaymodule.Thedesignthevirtualinstrumenttechnology,serialbusinterfacetechnologyanddirectdigitalfrequencysynthesistechnologyperfectcombinationtogether,convertibletofieldprogrammablegatearray(FPGA)asthebasisofhardware,andthenthroughthelogicdesign,systemsoftwaredesignandthehardwarecircuitdesign,andtheimplementationofaarbitrarywaveformgeneratorbasedondirectdigitalfrequencysynthesistechnologyoflowcost,portable,scalableandcanbeimmediatelyused.Keywords:Digitalfrequencysynthesizer;Verilog;FPGA;Simulation毕业设计III目录摘要...............................................................................................................................IAbstract...........................................................................................................................II第一章绪论..............................................................................................................11.1引言.....................................................................................................................11.2任意波形发生器国内外发展现状....................................................................11.3问题的提出........................................................................................................21.4主要研究工作及内容安排................................................................................2第二章直接数字频率合成器原理及性能分析............................................................32.1直接数字频率合成技术的基本原理................................................................32.2DDS技术的性能分析........................................................................................4第三章FPGA设计流程................................................................................................63.1FPGA简介.........................................................................................................63.2FPGA的优点.....................................................................................................63.3FPGA的设计结构.............................................................................................7第四章针对任意波形发生器的系统设计....................................................................94.1系统设计............................................................................................................94.2FPGA的模块划分.............................................................................................94.2.1时钟模块................................................................................................104.2.2D/A转换模块.........................................................................................114.2.348位寄存器设计....................................................................................114.2.4地址发生器模块....................................................................................124.2.5波形数据存储器设计............................................................................134.2.6任意波形输出模块................................................................................144.3任意波形发生器的FPGA实现.....................................................................14第五章总结与展望......................................................................................................16参考文献........................................................................................................................17致谢............................................................................................................................18附录............................................................................................................................19毕业设计1第一章绪论1.1引言波形发生器是我们生活中一种十分常见的电子测试仪器，能够为待测电路形成需要的数据信号，不仅具有精度很高、很好的稳定性、操作很简单等众多优点，而且还能对波形、波形的频率、波形的幅值和波形图的状态控制，甚至被用来虚拟出各种各样复杂而繁琐的信号。随着通信、雷达的不断发展，对信号源的频率稳定度、频谱纯度、频率范围和输出频率的个数以及信号波形的形状也提出越来越多的要求。不仅要求能产生正弦波、方波等标准波形，还能根据需要产生任意波形，且操作方便，输出波形质量好，输出频率范围宽，输出频率稳定度、准确度及分辨率高，频率转换速度快且频