学习策略与词汇记忆(课件)

DatingvocabularyhowtomakefriendswiththosewordsinyourtextbookBeijingNormalUniversityEnglishMajorHuChuanYourtarget:thecontentsofawordTaketheword“child”forexample:First,takeoutapieceofpaper;Then,writedownatleastthreethingsthatcandescribethefeatureofaword“child”fromatleastthreedimension,orwritedownthreethingsyouwillmemorizeabouttheword“child”;Youmaydiscusswithyourneighbor.ThecontentsofawordSpelling(orthography)Phoneticrepresentation(pronunciation,syllabification,andstress)MorphologicalirregularitySyntacticfeaturesandrestrictions(partsofspeech)Commonderivationsandcollocations(i.e.,wordswithwhichitco-occurs)SemanticfeaturesandrestrictionsPragmaticfeaturesandrestrictions.Thecontentsof“child”Spelling:c-h-i-l-dPhoneticrep:/tʃaɪld/Morphologicalirregularity:children(notgeneratedbyformingregularpluralsinEnglish)Syntacticfeatures:noun–anditiscountable;Commonderivatives:childlike,childish,childhood;Commoncollocations:child’splay,childlabor,andchildpsychology.Semanticfeatures:Theconceptofahumanandisneutralregardinggenderdistinction.Itwouldcontrastwiththetermchildwithsimilartermsforyoungerhumanssuchasinfantandbabyanditwouldalsocontrastolderhumanssuchasadolescentandadult.Pragmaticfeatures–youwouldbeabletocontrastchildwithotherwordswiththesamemeaning–forexample,kid..Thecontentsof“child”“Totrulyknowawordmeanstoknowbothhowitdiffersfromandhowitissimilartoothers.Pragmaticinformationisusefulwhenwetrytobesensitivetotheappropriatenessoftheregisterofourlexicalchoices.Italsohelpsusintherealmofusage–toidentifypatternsofwordsthatcollocate,orgotogether.”(Cecle-Murcia&Laresen-Freeman,2012,p.31)..ThewaytodateyourvocabularyThepatternofmemory:Inpsychology,memoryistheprocessbywhichinformationisencoded,stored,andretrieved.Fromaninformationprocessingperspectivetherearethreemainstagesintheformationandretrievalofmemory:Encodingorregistration:receiving,processingandcombiningofreceivedinformationStorage:creationofapermanentrecordoftheencodedinformation(5s-2min,2-7chunks)Retrievalrecallorrecollection:callingbackthestoredinformationinresponsetosomecueforuseinaprocessoractivityThethreetypesofmemory:Multi-storemodelSensorymemoryShort-termmemoryLong-termmemoryattentiontransferretrievalrehearsalTobefriendswiththewordsUseLong-termShort-termLearningstrategiesStrategiestodatethevocabularyRecognitionstrategies:Metacognitionstrategies:Resourcemanagementstrategies:ThefruitshoponthecornerfacingtheBridgewasagalaxyofcolour,withitsneatlyarrangedpyramidsoforanges,apples,pearsandbananasoutside,incontrasttothesolemngreyHousesofParliamentdirectlyacrosstheriver.(CharlieChaplin,MyAutobiography)StrategiestodatethevocabularyRecognitionstrategies:Fromtoptobottom:Memoryinstrument:location,roots,association…(applypriorknowledge)Frombottomtotop:Fivesenses:Languageasdiscourse:TherewasafootofsnowonthegroundNowthefloorisopenStrategiestodatethevocabularyMetacognitionstrategies:TheabilitytothinkaboutthinkingPlanningMonitoringEvaluatingStrategiestodatethevocabularyResourcemanagementstrategies:Timemanagement:ImportantNotimportantUrgentNoturgentDrawitandDoit!Don’tdoit!DelegateDoitlaterKeeprelationshipwithwordsEbbinghausForgettingCurveKeeprelationshipwithwords1.Overlearning2.Repetition/DispersedlearningReview:processofyourdateFirst:gettoknowyourtarget,knowexactlywhatyouwillremember;Second:takeadvantageofyourmemorypatternsandtakecorrespondingstrategiestomakefriendswiththosewordsinyourtextbook;(pleasekeepinmindthetwointeractivewaysoftop-bottomstrategies)Third:overlearnandkeeppractice.PS:Personally,themostimportantthingistomakeyourlearningmeaningful.Treatthosewordsasyourrealfriendsbyyourheart!WishesforyouMayyouaeverlastingrelationshipwithyourvocabulary.Haveaniceday!Thankyou!