The-last-of-the-mohicans

THELASTOFTHEMOHICANSAbouttheauthorAboutthenovellifeworksachievementsJamesFenimoreCooperLifeborninBurlington,NewJerseyenrolledatYaleat13buthewasexpelledforchildishpranksinthethirdyearmarriedSusanAugustaDeLanceyin1810AndhadsevenchildrenliveinNewYorkandparticipatedinintellectuallifeandpoliticsatthebeginningofthe1820slivedinEuropeandwroteromancesandunsuccessfullybooksaboutdemocracy,politics,andsociety,from1826to1833returnedtotheUnitesStates,livingfirstinNewYorkCityandtheninCooperstownin1833earnedlessfromhisbooksbutwasforcedtogoonwritingforincomeduringthelastdecadesofhislifediedofdropsyatOtsegoHallin1851begantowritenovelsattheageof31.created3differenttypesoffiction:1.therevolutionaryhistoricalnovels,Thespy,2.frontieradventurestories,TheLeatherstockingtales3.maritime/seaadventurestories,Thepilot.WorksThePioneers拓荒者（1823）TheLastoftheMohicans最后的莫希干人(1826)ThePrairie草原(1827)ThePathfinder探路者(1840)TheDeerslayer杀鹿者(1841)AchievementshelpedtointroducewesterntraditiontoAmericanliteratureoneofthemostpopular19thcenturyAmericanauthorsworkswereadmiredgreatlythroughouttheworldstorieshavebeentranslatedintonearlyallthelanguagesofEuropeandintosomeofthoseofAsiamostmemorablycriticizedbyMarkTwainpresentationofracerelationsandnativeAmericanshasgeneratedmuchcommentcriticizedheavilyforhisdepictionofwomencharactersinhisworksBackgroundBriefintroductionDetaildiscussionBackgroundMohicanshairwhichisalsocalledMohicanshairstyle,isjustlikehorsehair.MohicansisabranchoftheNorthAmericanIndians.MohicanslivedintheupstreamofHudsonRiverthatislocatedintheCatskillMountain.Theyhavetheirownstyle,uniquecultureandparticularwayoflifeThestorytakesplacein1757,duringtheFrenchandIndianWar(theSevenYears'War),whenFranceandGreatBritainbattledforcontroloftheNorthAmericancolonies.Duringthiswar,theFrenchcalledonalliedNativeAmericantribestofightagainstthemorenumerousBritishcolonists.BriefintroductionTheLastoftheMohicansisanepictaleofAmericanfrontierlife,setinthecolonialerawhentheFrenchandtheEnglishfoughtforcontroloftheNewWorld—andneededthehelpoftheNativeAmericantribestowin.CoraandAliceMunroleavethesafetyoftheEnglishforttovisittheirfather,ageneralintheBritishArmy.Buttheir“friendlyIroquois(易洛魁族的）guidebetraysthemtotheFrench—andtheironlyhopeforsurvivallieswithfourmen:MajorDuncanHeyward;thefrontierscoutHawkeye;andHawkeye’sMohicanfriends,Chingachgookandhisson,Uncas.DetaildiscussionCoraAliceDuncanHeywardHawkeyeChingachgookUncasMaguaTwogirls,leavethesafetyoftheEnglishforttovisittheirfather,OrderedtoescortCoraandAliceawhitetrapperraisedbytheMohicantribe.Hawkeye‘sMohicanfriendChingachgook‘ssonAguide,betrayedthegroupHawkeyethemainprotagonistofthenovel,heisawhitemanwhohasspentmostofhislifeinthecompanyoftheMohicans.Astrangemixtureofintoleranceandhumanity.Hawkeyesoongotanotherenemywithinreachofhisarm,andwithonesweepofhisformidableweaponhebeatdowntheslightandinartificialdefensesofhisantagonist,crushinghimtotheearthwiththeblow.Page98UncasHeisabravewarriorandwecanseethatUncastakeonagreaterroleinthefighting.Uncasisthesymbolofapeoplewhohavediedout.HehasthenatureofanIndian,butisexceedinglymoregentlethanthestereotype（模式化观念）thatEuropeansholdintheirmind.Wemightcallhimthenoblesavage.Page98WhenUncashadbrainedhisfirstantagonist,heturnedlikeahungrylion,toseekanother.ItwasjustthenthesightcaughttheeyeofUncas.Boundingfromhisfootstepsheappearedforaninstantdartingthroughtheair,anddescendinginaball,hefellonthechestofhisenemy,drivinghimmanyyardsfromthespot,headlongandprostrate.MaguaHeistheantagonistofthenovel.Hisevilnatureexistsinstark（鲜明的）contrasttothegoodnessoftheMohicans.Andhistaticismaddeningtothereader.Page100Whatkindoffightoccurs?eachmanfightsasingleopponent,andeverythingisdonebyhand.EventhoughHawkeyecarrieshisrifle,itisinterestingtonotethathedoesnotfireit.Handtohandisthemosthonestwaytofight.Magua'sfakingofdeathisclever,butviolatesthehonestyofthehandtohandcombat.UnliketheMohicans,whoarewillingtoacceptdeathproudly.Page98&100CoraMunrotheeldersister,sheisavoiceofreasonandstrength.Asawomanwhohasmixedblood,andiscovetedbybothUncasandMagua,shebecomesasymbolofculturalmeetings,aswellasasymbolofEuropeanpride.Byfarsheisoneofthemostadmirablecharacters,withamothering,selflessnaturethatcaresonlytokeephersistersafe.Sheeluded避开thegraspofthesavage,andrecklessofherownsafety,threwherselfonthebosomofAlice,strivingwithconvulsed痉挛andill-directedfingers,totearasunder撕碎thetwigswhichconfinedthepersonofhersister.Page99ThemeHeroismisthemainthemeofthisbook.Inthenative,wild,virginal（原始的）countryofAmerica,wherelifeisuncertainatalltimes,thecharactersstandoutfortheirinherentbravery.Nearlyallofthemembersofthegroupdisplayastonishinglevelsofbraveryinspiteofallthehardshipsthattheyface.Thesecondoneis“interracialloveandfriendship”.TheLastoftheMohicansisaboutraceandthedifficultyofovercomingradicaldivides.Coopersuggeststhatinterracialmingling（混合）isbothdesirableanddangerous.HawkeyeandChingachgook’ssharedcommunicationwithnaturetranscendsrace,enablingthemtoteamupagainstHuronenemiesandtosavewhitemilitaryleaderslikeHeyward.Ontheoth