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非谓语动词专项复习非谓语动词顾名思义就是不能单独充当谓语的动词形式。它包括：动词-ing形式、过去分词、不定式。一、动词-ing形式线索：动词v-ing形式:1.动词特征2.名词特征3.形容词特征4.副词特征1.动词特征：1)可以有宾语或状语,-ing加宾语或状语构成-ing短语：Ihavefinishedrepairingthatmachine.Theyhavestartedworkingintheapple-orchard.2)有时态和语态的变化:①–ing的时态：a）一般式：doing表示的动作与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生，或在谓语动词所表示动作之后发生。例如:Recognizinganoldfriendofhisinthestreet,hewentovertosayhellotohim.Welookforwardtohiscomingtomorrow.时态/语态主动语态被动语态一般式doingbeingdone完成式havingdonehavingbeendoneb)完成式:havingdone表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前，常常作时间或原因状语,偶尔作让步状语,也可作宾语。Havingdonehishomework,theschoolboybegantowritehisdiary.Nothavingdoneitright,Itrieditagain.Havingsaidthatshedidn’tdoagoodjob,Idon’tthinkIamablerthanher.Iregrethavingscoldedhiminpublic.②–ing的被动语态：一般式beingdone完成式havingbeendone_____(invite)tospeak,I’llstartmakingpreparationstomorrowHedislikes_____(interrupt)inhisexperiment..注意：v-ing用主动语态还是被动语态，取决于它的逻辑主语是-ing动作的执行者还是承受者。2.名词特征：1)做主语：Readingaloud____(be)veryimportantinlearningEnglish.Itisnouse___（tell）himthat.2)作宾语：Pleasestoptalking.(动词宾语)InsteadofgoingtoZhongshanPark,theywenttotheZoo.(介词宾语)Wethoughtitnousedoingthat.下列动词或短语后只能用-ing作宾语：1).suggest,advise,enjoy,appreciate(感激),keep,mind,imagine,fancy(想象),miss,escape,avoid(避免),excuse,forgive,pardon(原谅),consider,delay,finish,report,admit,deny,practise,prevent,understand,risk,postpone等。2)giveup,putoff(推迟),devote…to,lookforwardto,leadto,payattentionto,getdownto,objectto,opposeto,beopposedto(反对),beusedto,beworth,cannothelp(禁不住),keepon,insiston,succeedin,feellike,bebusy,setabout,havedifficulty/trouble(in),spendmoney/time(in),wastetimeindoingsth.,failin等。3)作表语:Hishobbyiscollectingstamps.4)作定语(可转换成for短语):Ourteacherusesaverygoodteachingmethod.(averygoodteachingmethod=averygoodmethodforteaching)3.形容词特征：1)作定语：作定语用的-ing如果是单词，一般放在名词的前面。如果是-ing短语，则放在名词的后面，可转换成定语从句。-ing短语作定语时，要注意-ing所表示动作发生的时间。大体上，有下面两种情况：①-ing表示正在进行的动作（变为从句时用进行时态）：Crusoelitafireandfromittookaburningstick.Tellthechildrenplayingtherenottomakesomuchnoise.Didyouseethemantalkingtothedean?②-ing表示经常性动作或现在或当时的状态（变为从句时用一般时态）：ThefactorymakingcolourTVsetswasbuiltin1980.Theylivedinaroomfacingtothesouth.Thehousestandingatthecornerofthestreetwasbuiltin1918.2)作表语(表示主语所具有的特征)TheBeijingoperaisverymovingandinstructiveThefoodsmellsinviting.这个菜香味怡人。3)作宾语补足语：-ing结构作宾语补足语可用于以下两类带宾语的动词：①see,lookat,watch,notice,observe,hear,listento,feel,smell等表示感觉状态的动词，后接宾语+宾补(doing/do/done),doing表示主动正在进行的动作；do表示的动作已发生，指事物的全过程，转换成被动态时要还原to;done表示一个被动、完成的动作.试比较：A:Doyouhearsomeone_____(knock)athedoor?有人敲门你听见了吗？B:Yes,Idid.Iheardhim____(knock)threetimes.是的，我听见他敲了三下。Isawhimcomingin.我看见他走进来。(说明他进来时的情景)Isawhimcomein.我看见他进来了。(说明进来了这件事)Isawhim____(knock)downbyacaryesterday.Thebossmadehimdoit.Hewasmadetodoit.②have,get,keep,leave,find,catch等动词。(详见中学英语中重要的复合结构.)4.副词特征：-ing可用作状语，表示时间、原因、方式、伴随情况、结果、条件、让步等意义。a)表示时间：_____(hear)thesadnews,wewereverymuchgrieved(伤心).这种-ing结构所表示的动作,如果与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生的,前面也能放上when,while等连词。例如：Whengoinghome,shemetJane.Whilewaitingforthetrain,IhadalongchatwithJim.b)表示原因:_____(know)Englishwell,hetranslatedthenovelwithoutmuchdifficulty.c)表示方式、伴随情况：Hecamerunningbacktotellusthenews.Hesatatthewindowreading.Shestoodthere,waitingforhimintherain.d)表示结果:Theircarwascaughtinatrafficjam,thuscausingthedelay.Herhusbanddied,____(leave)herthreechildren.e)表示条件：Workinghard,youwillsucceed.Turningtotheleft,youwillfindthepathleadingtothesite.f)表示让步：Weighingalmostonehundredjin,thestonewasmovedbyhimalone.Fillintheblankswiththeappropriateformofthewordsgiven:1.Wemustkeepasecretofthethings____(discuss)here.2.Aletter____(post)todaywillprobablyreachedhimthedayaftertomorrow.3.Youareinvitedtoaparty____(give)atourinstituteat7:30p.m.Dec.2.4.Ismellsomething____(burn)thekitchen.CanIcallyoubackinaminute?5.Comeon,pleasegivemesomeideasabouttheproject.Sorry.Withsomuchwork____(fill)myheart,Ialmostbreakdown.6.Withsomuch____(do),thenewly-electedpresidentwillhavetoprepareforeverything.7.Thecountryhasalreadysentupthreeunmannedspacecraft,themostrecent____(launch)attheendoflastMarch.8.Acookwillbeimmediatelyfiredifheisfound_____(smoke)inthekitchen.9.Afteraknockatthedoor,thechildheardhismother’svoice____(call)him.10.Youcan’timaginewhatdifficultywehad____(walk)homeinthesnowstorm.11.Themanager,_____(make)itcleartousthathedidn’tagreewithus,leftthemeetingroom.12.Thestormleft,____(cause)alotofdamagetothisarea.13.Peterreceivedaletterjustnow____(say)hisgrandmawouldcometoseehimsoon.14.CanIsmokehere?Sorry.Wedon’tallow____(smoke)here14.Theoldman,____(work)abroadfortwentyyears,isonthewaybacktohismotherland.15._________(notcomplete)theprogramme,theyhavetostaythereforanothertwoweeks.16.ReadingisanexperiencequitedifferentfromwatchingTV;therearepictures____(form)inyourmindinsteadofbeforeyoureyes.17.“Wecan’tgooutinthisweather,”saidBob,_____(look)outofthewindow.18.Alicereturnedfromthemanager’soffice,_____(tell)methatthebosswantedtoseemeatonce.19.Theglassdoorshavetakentheplaceofthewoodenonesattheentrance,____(let)inthenaturallightduringtheday.20.Oilpriceshaverisenby32percentsincethestartoftheyear,_____(reach)arecordofUS$57.65abarrelonApril4.21.“Youcan’tcatchme!”Jan