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东北农业大学学士学位论文学号：5010010生根剂对蔓生天竺葵插条的影响TheEffectsofUsingRadicateReagentinthePelargoniumStemCutting姓名：宋玉磊指导教师：樊金萍所在院系：园艺学院所学专业：园林研究方向：园林植物东北农业大学中国·哈尔滨2005年4月DissertationforBachelorDegreeofNortheastAgricultureUniversityNo.：5010010TheEffectsofUsingRadicateReagentinthePelargoniumStemCuttingName:SongYuleiSupervisor:FanJinpingCollege:HorticultureInstituteSpecially:OrnamentalPlantsandGardeningDirection:GardeningPlantsNortheastAgriculturalUniversityChina·Harbin2005.4生根剂对蔓生天竺葵插条的影响-I-摘要福生活力生根剂是以S-诱抗素为主的多种具有诱导生根的生长物质与有刺激辅酶活性的生理活性物质,经过科学的复配兼具杀菌功能的新型生根剂，具有超强发根功效，能有效提高成活率，生根量大、颜色白、质量好、活力强。与常见的激素类生根产品相比,福生活力生根剂能使天竺葵插穗提早4d左右生根、提前1周定植,生根率高于常见生根产品。这种新型的植物生根促进剂把天竺葵扦插育苗技术提高到一个新的水平。关键词福生活力生根剂;蔓生天竺葵;扦插生根剂对蔓生天竺葵插条的影响-II-AbstractLomonBioradicateistemptstheanti-elementbyS-primarilymanykindsoftohavethegrowthmatterwhichtheinductiontakesrootwithtohavenewstimulatesthecoenzymeactivebiologicalactivitymatter,duplicatenewmatchestheconcurrentlysterilizationfunctionafterthesciencetotakerootthemedicinalpreparation.Ithasultrastrongtakesroottheeffect，alsocaneffectivelyenhancethesurvivalrate，takesrootthequantityinabigway,thecolorwhite,thequalityisgood,vigor。Comparedwiththecommonhormoneproducts,LomonBioradicateshiftstoanearliertimeabout4daystotakeroots,aheadoftime1weekfieldplanting,therootingratsalsoishigherthanthecommonproduct。Thiskindofnewplanttakesrootthepromotertogrowseedlingsthetechnologythepelargoniumcuttagetoenhancetoanewlevel.Keywords:LomonBioRadicateReagent;RamblingGeranium;Cuttage目录中文摘要··················································································错误!未定义书签。英文摘要··················································································错误!未定义书签。1、前言················································································错误!未定义书签。1.1、实验目的与意义·······························································错误!未定义书签。1.1.1、天竺葵的价值·····························································错误!未定义书签。1.1.2、实验的意义································································错误!未定义书签。1.1、天竺葵繁殖现状及进展······················································错误!未定义书签。1.2.1、繁殖现状···································································错误!未定义书签。1.2.2、繁殖进展···································································错误!未定义书签。2、试验材料与试验方法······························································错误!未定义书签。2.1、供试材料········································································错误!未定义书签。2.2、试验方法········································································错误!未定义书签。3、结果与分析··········································································错误!未定义书签。3.1、福生活力生根剂对天竺葵生根的影响····································错误!未定义书签。3.2、统计分析整理后的数据······················································错误!未定义书签。4、结论················································································错误!未定义书签。5、讨论················································································错误!未定义书签。参考文献··················································································错误!未定义书签。致谢··················································································错误!未定义书签。生根剂对蔓生天竺葵插条的影响-1-1、前言天竺葵(PelargoniumHortorumBailey)又名洋葵、石蜡红、洋绣球，为牻牛儿苗科牻牛儿苗属植物。多年生草本。基部稍木质化，叶有特殊气味，圆形或肾形，通常叶缘内有一暗色花纹。伞形花序顶生，花姿优美、花色艳丽、花期长，花序大似绣球，自10月至翌年6月开花不绝，花有红、白、粉、橙黄等色。天竺葵原产南非。喜阳光充足、温暖、通风良好的环境条件。不耐寒，也不耐暑热。最忌盆中积水，因此，在生长过程中，浇水要适量。过量会导致烂根。尤其是在休眠期的冬季，注意适当控水。天竺葵花期长，盆内除栽培时施足基肥外，要每隔15天左右施稀薄液肥1次。7～8月高温时植株生长缓慢，不宜施肥。天竺葵冬春喜充足阳光，但夏季炎热，应放于半阴处，防止阳光直射。天竺葵生长迅速，为使株形美观，开花多，要适当修剪。春季如果植株生长过旺，可进行疏剪。开花后及时剪去残花及过密枝条，使株形圆满。修剪后不可使伤口受水，以免腐烂。天竺葵生长势较强，一般病害较少，又因其有种特殊的气味，因而极少有害虫危害。1.1、实验目的与意义1.1.1、天竺葵的价值天竺葵叶密，四季翠绿，花期长,自春至秋花期不断,初夏盛开，鲜艳夺目，异常热闹，叶片上面的马蹄形花纹,也极富观赏性,因而是花叶兼赏的栽培花卉,可用于园林中,布置花坛绿地。天竺葵在欧美栽培十分普遍，是盆花和花坛植物的主要种类之一。另外，天竺葵是作为观察和分析叶绿体的光合作用、呼吸作用、蒸腾作用等植物组织观察实验的良好材料。至今，美国对天竺葵的应用和改良做了大量工作，天竺葵已成为美国三大盆花之一，戈德史密斯和泛美两家种子公司，已把天竺葵种子列为主产品，销往全世界。在欧洲，德国、西班牙和匈牙利等国都十分重视天竺葵的生产和育种，匈牙利还将天竺葵定为国花。1.1.2、实验的意义天竺葵在园林中有着较高的经济及观赏价值，近年来我国也开始批量生产，但一直停留在老品种和传统生产模式上，发展不快，现已出现供不应求的局面。天竺葵种子繁殖从播种到开花需约九个月的时间，而扦插苗只要6个月就可成株开花，并且可以继承母本的优良性状。本试验试图通过在天竺葵无性繁殖，在扦插方面提高苗成活率，缩短出苗时间，为天竺葵无性快速繁殖贡献一份力量。1.2、天竺葵繁殖现状及进展1.2.1、繁殖现状播种繁殖：春、秋季均可进行，以春季在室内盆播为好。发芽适温为20～25℃。天生根剂对蔓生天竺葵插条的影响-2-竺葵种子不大，播后覆土不宜深，约14～21天发芽。秋播，第二年夏季能开花。经播种繁殖的实生苗，可选育出优良的中间型品种。扦插繁殖：除6～7月植株处于半休眠状态外，均可扦插。以春、秋季为好。夏季高温，插条易发黑腐烂。选用插条长10厘米，以顶端部最好，生长势旺，生根快。剪取插条后，让切口干燥数日，形成薄膜后再插于沙床或膨胀珍珠岩和泥炭的混合基质中，注意不要伤插条茎皮，否则伤口易腐烂。扦插后置于半阴处，保持室温13～18℃，过后14～21天生根，根长3～4厘米时可盆栽。扦插过程中用0.01%吲哚丁酸液浸泡插条基部2秒，可提高扦插成活率和生根率。一般扦插苗培育6个月开花，即1月扦插，6月开花；10月扦插，翌年2～3月开花。组织培养法繁殖：以MS培养基为基本培养基，加入0.001%吲哚乙酸和激动素促使外植体产生愈伤组织和不定芽，用0.01%吲哚乙酸促进生根。组培法为天竺葵的良种繁育和培育新品种提供了新的途径。1.2.2、繁殖进展天竺葵F1代杂交种子由于具生长周期短、株型丰满、多花性、易大批量生产等优势已替传统的扦插繁殖成为目前主要的新品种繁育方法[1]、[2]。但杂交种子成本高，扦插苗在保持F1代杂交种子性的基础上，还具有长势整齐、繁殖速度快、成本低的显著优点。本试验以蔓生天竺葵为材料进行天竺葵类的扦插培养研究，以期为园林应用提供价廉物美的原料和种苗服务。2、试验材料与试验方法由于组织培养需要的设备成本和技术水于要求较高，本试验采用扦插繁殖方法，实验过种中使用一种新型的以S-诱抗素为主的多种具有诱导生根的生长物质的产品(福生活力生根剂A型)处理天竺葵插条,试图在天竺葵扦插繁殖成本及成活方面取得更佳效果。2.1、供试材料蔓生天竺葵插穗，采自温室内的健康植株，插穗长度为5～7cm左右,保留上部1～2片健康叶片,尽量使每穗叶面积大体一致。福生活力A型生根剂。2.2、试验方法试验在2005年3月进行,试验设计5个梯度处理,每处理20株，按照随机区组排列。插条分别用福生活力生根剂水溶液500mg/L、1000m