基于单片机的电子日历设计

毕业设计（论文）任务书填表时间：学生姓名专业班级机电指导教师课题类型软件设计题目基于单片机的电子日历设计主要研究目标(或研究内容)本课题在透彻了解电子日历的工作过程及功能的基础上，设计出简单实用的应用程序。主要内容有：1、开题报告；2、电子日历硬件设计；3、电子日历软件设计；4、编写说明书；5、翻译与设计有关的外文资料通过设计过程以考察学生的对于单片机的设计能力，并培养学生用以解决实际工程能力。课题要求、主要任务及数量（指图纸规格、张数，说明书页数、论文字数等）1、通过调查研究，撰写开题报告。2、通过分析论证，确定设计方案，正确绘制电子日历的硬件连接图；并且编制其应用程序。3、查阅20篇以上与题目相关的文献。4、按要求的格式独立撰写5000~8000字以上的说明书。5、翻译一篇本专业外文文献（5000~10000个以上印刷符号），并附译文进度计划5~7周，查阅资料，熟悉设计内容，拟订设计方案。8~14周，进行电子日历硬件设计，并编写其应用软件。15~16周，修改完善设计，翻译资料，写说明书，准备答辩。主要参考文献1、《单片机技术及应用》2、《单片机彻底研究实习篇》3、《单片机彻底研究基础篇》4.《单片机编程手册》指导教师签字：教研室主任签字：年月日II摘要设计以单片机AT89S51为核心部件的电子日历，利用74LS245作为驱动器，74LS138作为译码器使用，六个七段数码管均采用共阴极的方式，P0口作为段选码输出口，P2口作为位选码输出口。本次设计的题目是基于单片机的电子日历设计，可以正常的显示年、月、日，还可以利用外部按键实现阴历和阳历之间的转换以及暂停等功能。电子日历具有性能稳定、精确度高、成本低、易于产品化，以及方便、实用等特点。适用于家庭、公司、机关等众多场所。为人们的日常生活、出行安排提供了方便，成为人们日常生活中不可缺少的一部分。本次设计可分为两部分：硬件系统、软件系统。硬件系统包括：AT89S51单片机、74LS245驱动器、74LS138译码器、RC复位电路、+5V直流电源电路、去抖电路、动态显示扫描电路。软件系统主要有单片机的编程构成。关键词：单片机，日历，位码，段码，显示IIIAbstractSingle-chipAT89S51designasthecorecomponentsoftheelectroniccalendar,useasa74LS245drives,74LS138usedasadecoder,sixandseventhdigitsareatotalofcathodeway,P0mouthasparagraphcodeoutputselection,P2I,asbitselectioncodeoutput.Thedesignisbasedonthetopicofsingle-chipdesignoftheelectroniccalendar,youcanshowanormalyear,month,day,canalsobeusedtoachieveexternalkeysaswellasconversionbetweenlunarandsolarcalendarsuspend（阴阳历）functions.Electroniccalendarwithstableperformance,highaccuracy,lowcost,easeofproduction,aswellasconvenient,practicalandsoon.Applytofamilies,companies,agenciesandmanyotherplaces.Forpeople'sdailylife,travelarrangements,providingaconvenient,dailylifehasbecomeanindispensablepartof.Thedesigncanbedividedintotwoparts:hardwaresystems,softwaresystems.Hardwaresystem,including:AT89S51Single-chip,74LS245drive,74LS138decoder,RCresetcircuit,+5VDCpowersupplycircuit,tostirupthecircuit,dynamicdisplayscanningcircuit.Therearesingle-chipmicrocomputersoftwaresystemconstitutetheprogramming.Keywords:single-chip,calendar,code,codeabovetoshowI目录摘要····················································································································1ABSTRACT···············································································································II前言··················································································································III第二章设计方案··········································································································22．1设计思路··········································································································22．2系统总体框图····································································································2第三章硬件设计··········································································································43．1单片机AT89S51的简介························································································43．2动态显示电路的介绍···························································································93．3去抖电路的工作原理··························································································113．4复位电路的方式·······························································································123．5中断系统的介绍·······························································································14第四章软件设计········································································································164．1程序清单········································································································164．2流程图···········································································································22结论·····························································································错误!未定义书签。致谢··················································································································25参考文献··················································································································26附录··················································································································271前言随着社会不断的发展，科学技术不断的进步，单片机的问世和飞速发展掀起了计算机工程应用的一场新革命，使计算机技术冲破了实验室和机房的界限，广泛地应用于工业控制系统、数据采集系统、自动测试系统、智能仪表和接口以及各类功能模块等广阔的领域。单片机应用系统已经成为实现许多控制系统的常规性工具。我们说，单片机开辟了计算机应用的一个新时代是并不过分的。单片机的发展历史虽然只有短短20年，但由于计算机科学和微电子集成技术的飞速发展，单片机自身也在不断地向更高层次和更大规模发展。世界各大半导体厂商纷至沓来争先挤入这一市场，激烈的市场竞争也促进了单片机迅速更新换代，带来了它们更为广泛的应用。由于单片机应用系统的高可靠性，硬、软件的高利用系数，优异的性能价格比，使它的应用范围由开始传统的过程控制，逐步进入数值处理、数字信号处理以及图像处理等高技术领域。我们在本次的设计中广泛用到了单片机的应用系统，下面我们就逐一的叙述。2第二章设计方案2．1设计思路设计的题目是基于单片机的电子日历设计。根据设计要求日历显示正常的年、月、日，同时利用外部按键实现阴历和阳历之间的转换，以及暂停等功能。要想实现上述功能，就必须将硬件系统和软件系统有机的结合在一起，方可实现我们设计任务中的各项要求。硬件系统主要有单片机AT89S51、74LS245驱动器、74LS138译码器、RC复位电路、独立式键盘接口去抖电路等。软件系统主要是单片机的编程。根据设计要求，电子日历要显示年、月、日就需要6个显示数码管，如（09年05月01日即显示为09-05-01），由于数码管的数量较多，必须采用动态显示扫描的方式。例如09-05-01，首先日分为个位和十位，个位显示到09时，应向日的十位自动进位，即个位清0，十位置1，显示为10，继续累计；当显示为31时，日的十位就自动向月的个位进位，显示为06，当月显示到09时，月的个位自动向月的十位进位，个位清0，十位置1，即为10，当月至12时，月向年的个位进位，即显示08，同时月、日开始从01月01日继续显示，即显示为10-01-01，依次周而复始的循环运行。此外利用外部按键实现阴历