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GlossaryAdaptedvegetationandnativevegetationPlantsindigenoustoalocality(native)orplantsthatareadaptedtothelocalclimateandarenotconsideredinvasivespeciesornoxiousweeds(adapted);theyrequirelimitedirrigationfollowingplanting,donotrequireactivemaintenancesuchasmowing,andprovidehabitatvalue.AlbedoSynonymouswithsolarreflectance.Alternative-fuelvehiclesVehiclesthatuselow-polluting,nongasolinefuels,suchaselectricity,hydrogen,propaneorcompressednaturalgas,liquidnaturalgas,methanol,andethanol.Efficientgas-electrichybridvehiclesareincludedinthisgroupforLEEDpurposes.BaselineirrigationwateruseTheamountofwaterthatwouldbeusedbyatypicalmethodofirrigationfortheregion.BicycleracksOutdoorbicycleracks,bicyclelockers,andindoorbicyclestoragerooms.Biofuel-basedelectricalsystemsElectricalpowersystemsthatrunonrenewablefuelsderivedfromorganicmaterials,suchaswoodby-productsandagriculturalwaste.ForpurposesofLEED,biofuelsincludeuntreatedwoodwaste(e.g.,millresidues),agriculturalcropsorwaste,animalwasteandotherorganicwaste,andlandfillgas.BiologicalcontrolTheuseofchemicalorphysicalwatertreatmentstoinhibitbacterialgrowthincoolingtowers.BiomassPlantmaterialfromtrees,grasses,orcropsthatcanbeconvertedtoheatenergytoproduceelectricity.BlackwaterDoesnothaveasingledefinitionthatisacceptednationwide.Wastewaterfromtoiletsandurinalsis,however,alwaysconsideredblackwater.Wastewaterfromkitchensinks(perhapsdifferentiatedbytheuseofagarbagedisposal),showers,orbathtubsmaybeconsideredblackwaterbystateorlocalcodes.Projectteamsshouldcomplywiththeblackwaterdefinitionasestablishedbytheauthorityhavingjurisdictionintheirareas.Bleed-offorblowdownThereleaseofbuilt-upsolidsinacoolingtower,accomplishedbyremovingaportionoftheconcentratedrecirculatingwaterthatcarriesdissolvedsolids.Bleed-offrateThefrequencywithwhichthedissolvedmineralsanddirtareremovedfromthecoolingtower.Itvariesdependingonthemineralcontentandscalingtendencyoftheenteringwater.Buildingautomationsystem(BAS)Acomputer-basedmonitoringsystemthatcoordinates,organizes,andoptimizesbuildingcontrolsubsystems,includinglightingandequipmentscheduling,andalarmreporting.BuildingEngineerAqualifiedengineeringprofessionalwithrelevantandsufficientexpertisewhooverseesandisresponsiblefortheoperationandmaintenanceofmechanical,electricalandplumbingsystemsintheprojectbuilding.BuildingfootprintTheareaofthesiteoccupiedbythebuildingstructure,notincludingparkinglots,landscapes,andothernonbuildingfacilities.BuildingOperatingPlanAgeneraldocumentationsummarizingtheintendedoperationofeachbasebuildingsystemdescribedinthesystemsnarrative;thebuildingoperatingplanmayalsobeknownas“Owner’sOperatingRequirements”orsimilar.Theoperatingplanincludesthetime-of-dayschedulesforeachsystemforeachoftheeightdaytypes(MondaytoSundayplusholidays),themodeofoperationforeachsystemwhenitisrunning(occupiedvs.unoccupied;dayvs.night,etc.),andthedesiredindoorconditionsorsetpointsforeachscheduleormode.Theoperatingplanaccountsforanydifferencesinneedsordesiredconditionsfordifferentportionsoftheprojectbuilding,aswellasanyseasonalvariationsinoperationspatterns.Theplanaccountsforallthemonitoredspaceconditionsusedtocontrolthebasesystems,i.e.,airtemperature,relativehumidity,occupancy,lightlevel,CO2levels,roompressurization,ductstaticpressure,etc.Carbondioxide(CO2)levelsAnindicatorofventilationeffectivenessinsidebuildings.CO2concentrationsgreaterthan530ppmaboveoutdoorCO2conditionsgenerallyindicateinadequateventilation.AbsoluteconcentrationsofCO2greaterthan800to1,000ppmgenerallyindicatepoorairqualityforbreathing.CarpoolAnarrangementinwhichtwoormorepeopleshareavehiclefortransportation.Chain-of-custodyAtrackingprocedurefordocumentingthestatusofaproductfromthepointofharvestorextractiontotheultimateconsumerenduse,includingallsuccessivestagesofprocessing,transformation,manufacturing,anddistribution.ChemicalrunoffWaterthattransportschemicalsfromthebuildinglandscape,aswellassurroundingstreetsandparkinglots,toriversandlakes.Runoffchemicalsmayincludegasoline,oil,antifreeze,andsalts.ChemicaltreatmentTheuseofbiocidal,conditioning,dispersant,andscale-inhibitingchemicalstocontrolbiologicalgrowth,scale,andcorrosionincoolingtowers.Alternativestoconventionalchemicaltreatmentincludeozonation,ionization,andUVlight.Reducingoreliminatingchemicaltreatmentthrougheffectivealternativesreducestheenvironmentalandhumanhealthrisksassociatedwiththechemicalsusedinconventionaltreatmentprotocols.Chlorofluorocarbons(CFCs)Hydrocarbonsthatareusedasrefrigerantsandcausedepletionofthestratosphericozonelayer.ChurnThemovementofworkspacesandpeoplewithinaspace.ClimatechangeReferstoanysignificantchangeinmeasuresofclimate(suchastemperature,precipitation,orwind)lastingforanextendedperiod(decadesorlonger)(U.S.EnvironmentalProtectionAgency,2008).ComfortcriteriaSpecificoriginaldesignconditionsthatincludetemperature(air,radiant,andsurface),humidity,airspeed,outdoortemperaturedesignconditions,outdoorhumiditydesignconditions,clothing(seasonal),andexpectedactivity(ASHRAE55–2004).CominglingRecyclingAprocessofrecyclingmateria