重要历史词汇中英文对照表

1重要历史词汇中英文对照表作者：陈亮重要词汇中英文对照表马可·波罗MarcoPolo达·迦马VascoDaGama麦哲伦FerdinandMagellan印第安人Indian乔托Giotto米开朗琪罗BuonarrotiMichelangelo拉菲尔Raphael马基雅维利NiccolòMachiavelli塞万提斯MigueldeCervantes伽利略Galileo中世纪MedievalPeriod哥伦布ChristopherColumbus商业革命CommercialRevolution殖民主义colonialism奴隶贸易slavetrade文艺复兴Renaissance人文主义humanism但丁Dante达·芬奇LeonardodaVinci莎士比亚WilliamShakespeare哥白尼NicolausCopernicus宗教改革TheReformation马丁·路德MartinLuther闵采尔ThomasMüntzer胡格诺派Huguenots加尔文派Calvinists亨利八世HenryⅧ圈地运动enclosuremovement都铎王朝HouseofTudor斯图亚特王朝HouseofStuart詹姆士一世JamesⅠ查理一世CharlesⅠ英国国教theAnglicanChurch清教徒Puritan克伦威尔OliverCromwell护国公LordProtector查理二世CharlesⅡ詹姆士二世JamesⅡ2辉格党Whig托利党Tory光荣革命GloriousRevolution《权利法案》BillofRights君主立宪制ConstitutionalMonarchy波旁王朝HouseofBourbon哈布斯堡王朝HouseofHabsburg重商主义mercantilism路易十四LouisⅩⅣ彼得大帝PetertheGreat腓特烈二世FrederickⅡ凡尔赛宫ThePalaceofVersailles约瑟夫二世JosephⅡ开明专制enlighteneddespotism英国东印度公司BritishEastIndiaCompany《航海条例》NavigationActs七年战争SevenYears’War启蒙运动Enlightenment霍布斯ThomasHobbes洛克JohnLocke伏尔泰Voltaire孟德斯鸠CharlesLouisdeSecondatMontesquieu卢梭JeanJacquesRousseau狄德罗DenisDiderot百科全书派Encyclopedists第三等级theThirdEstate路易十六LouisⅩⅥ三级会议theEstate-General国民议会NationalAssembly制宪议会ConstituentAssembly巴士底监狱theBastille法国大革命FrenchRevolution《人权宣言》DeclarationoftheRightsofManandoftheCitizen、3雅各宾派theJacobins罗伯斯庇尔MaximiliendeRobespierre热月政变ThermidorianReaction督政府DirectoryGovernment雾月政变Coupd'EtatofBrumaire拿破仑NapoleonBonaparte执政府theConsulate法兰西第一帝国theFirstFrenchEmpire《拿破仑法典》theCodeNapoleon滑铁卢战役BattleofWaterloo杰斐逊ThomasJefferson富兰克林BenjaminFranklin《常识》CommonSense大陆会议TheContinentalCongress乔治·华盛顿GeorgeWashington《独立宣言》DeclarationofIndependence杜桑·卢维杜尔Toussaint-Louverture伊达尔哥MiguelHidalgoyCostilla玻利瓦尔SimónBolívar圣马丁JosédeSanMartín幕府Shogunate武士samurai锁国令SedusionOrders丰臣秀吉ToyotomiHideyoshi巴布尔Baber莫卧儿帝国theMughalEmpire阿克巴Akbar工业革命IndustrialRevolution飞梭flying-shuttle珍妮纺纱机spinning-jenny骡机spinning-mule水力织布机water-frame瓦特JamesWatt富尔顿RobertFulton史蒂芬孙GeorgeStephenson蒸汽时代theAgeofSteam亚当·斯密AdamSmith4《国富论》TheWealthofNations维也纳会议theCongressofVienna维也纳体系ViennaSystem神圣同盟HolyAlliance四国同盟（1813）QuadrupleAlliance卢德运动Ludditemovement马克思KarlMarx恩格斯FriedrichEngels《共产党宣言》TheCommunistManifesto共产主义者同盟CommunistLeague科学社会主义ScientificSocialism马克思主义Marxism国际工人协会InternationalWorking-men'sAssociation第一国际FirstInternational巴黎公社CommuneofParis西进运动WestwardMovement自由州FreeState蓄奴州SlaveState《宅地法》HomesteadAct林肯AbrahamLincoln《解放黑人奴隶EmancipationProclamation宣言》美国内战CivilWar(U.S.)俾斯麦OttovonBismarch铁血政策IronandBlood明治维新MeijiRestoration克里米亚战争CrimeanWar奥斯曼帝国theOttomanEmpire巴布教Bābism西门子ErnstWernervonSiemens东宫WinterPalace十月革命OctoberRevolution红军RedArmy战时共产主义WartimeCommunism新经济政策NewEconomicPolicy非暴力不合作运动civildisobedience（文明不服从运动）凯末尔A.KemalAtatürk甘地M.K.Gandhi5印度国民大会党IndianNationalCongress苏联UnionofSocialistSovietRepublics(USSR)斯大林J.Stalin五年计划Five-YearPlan巴黎和会ParisPeaceConference三巨头BigThree威尔逊WoodrowWilson十四点TheFourteenPoints《凡尔赛和约》TreatyofVersailles国际联盟TheLeagueofNations国际联盟盟约CovenantoftheLeagueofNations华盛顿会议WashingtonConference英联邦theBritishCommonwealthofNations自治领SelfGoverningDominion法西斯党FascistParty马克Mark道威斯计划DawesPlan《洛迦诺公约》LocarnoPact大危机TheGreatDepression新政NewDeal富兰克林·罗斯福F.D.Roosevelt《国家工业复兴法》TheNationalIndustrialRecoveryActs德国民族社会主义NationSocialistWorkers’工人党Party纳粹Nazi希特勒AdolfHitler国会纵火案ReichstagFire西班牙内战SpanishCivilWar国际纵队InternationalBrigades美国的中立法AmericanNeutralityActs《反共产国际协定》Anti-CominternPact轴心国AxisPowers绥靖政策PolicyofAppeasement慕尼黑协定TheMunichAgreement慕尼黑阴谋Munichscheme《苏德互不侵犯TreatyofNon-Aggression条约》BetweenSovietUnionandGermany闪击战Blitzkrieg东方战线EasternFront马奇诺防线MaginotLine自由法国FreeFrench戴高乐CharlesdeGaulle不列颠之战BattleofBritain6丘吉尔WinstonChurchill珍珠港PearlHarbour《大西洋宪章》AtlanticCharter《联合国家宣言》DeclarationbyUnionNations中途岛MidwayIsland诺曼底Normandy开罗会议CairoConference《开罗宣言》CairoDeclaration德黑兰会议TeheranConference雅尔塔会议YaltaConference《波茨坦公告》ThePotsdamProclamation杜鲁门HarryS.Truman《联合国宪章》CharteroftheUnitedNations联合国大会TheGeneralAssemblyoftheUnitedNations安理会TheSecurityCouncil冷战ColdWar马歇尔计划TheMarshallPlan北大西洋公约组织TheNorthAtlanticTreatyOrganization(NATO)华沙条约组织TheWarsawPactOrganization德意志联邦共和国GermanFederalRepublic德意志民主共和国GermanDemocraticRepublic柏林墙BerlinWall越南战争VietnamWar朝鲜战争KoreanWar欧洲共同体EuropeanCommunities欧洲煤钢联营EuropeanCoalandSteelCommunity欧洲经济共同体EuropeanEconomicCommunity欧洲原子能联营EuropeanAtomicEnergyCommunity马丁·路德·金MartinLutherKing,Jr.民权运动CivilRightsMovement越南民主共和国TheDemocraticRepublicofVietnam古巴导弹危机CubanMissileCrisis中东战争MiddleEastWar7尼赫鲁J.Nehru巴勒斯坦Palestine自由军官组织FreeOfficer'sOrganization亚非会议TheAfro-AsianConference不结盟运动Non-AlignedMovement第三世界theThirdWorld纳米比亚Namibia77国集团Groupof77石油输出国组织OrganizationofPetroleumExportingCountries(OPEC)戈尔巴乔夫Gorbachev白俄罗斯Byelorussia俄罗斯联邦TheRussianFederation独立国家联合体CommonwealthofIndependentStates(CIS)欧洲联盟EuropeanUnion霸权主义hegemonism《全面禁止核试验Comprehensive条约》Nuclear-Test-BanTreaty经济全球化economicglobalization亚太经济合作组织Asia-PacificEconomicCooperation(APEC)知识经济knowledgeeconomy可持续发展sustainabledevelopment存在主义existentialism汤因比A.J.Toynbee经济学economics凯恩斯J.M.Keynes未来学futurology萧伯纳G.B.Shaw海明威E.Hemingway毕加索P.Picasso爵士乐jazz摇滚乐rocka