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LMX1LMXTjosvold(1985)(Eisenberg&Goodall,1993)Leader-MemberExchangeLMXBlau1964LMXLMXLMXe.g.Dienesch&Liden,1986,Graen&Uhl-Bien,199519981999BauerGreen1996LMXLMXLMX2LMX1.LMXKaterberg&Hom,1981Leader-MemberExchange,LMXGraen&Cashman,1975LMXLMX(Graen&Uhl-Bien,1995)Graen(e.g.,Graen&Cashman,1975;Graen&Scandura,1987)LMXGraenUhl-BienGraen&Uhl-Bien1995AverageLeadershipStyleModelLMXVerticalDyadLinkModelVDLVDLLMX(Bauer&Green,1996;Liden&Graen,1980;Lidenetal.,1993)Dienesch&Liden,1986(Dienesch&Liden,1986;Liden&Graen,1980;Scandura&Graen,1984)LMX3Graen&Cashman,1975Dansereauetal.,1975;Liden&Graen,1980Dienesch&Liden,1986(Bauer&Green,1996)(Graen,Wakabayashi,Graen,&Graen,1990;Yukl,1998)LMX(Liden&Graen,1980)(Graen&Cashman,1975)(Graen&Scandura,1987)Duchon,Green,&Taber,1986(Oldham&Cummings,1996)LMX(e.g.,Liden&Graen,1980;Yukl,1998)LMXDansereau,Graen,&Haga,1975;Dienesch&Liden,1986;Graen&Scandura,1987organizationalcitizenshipbehaviorOCBe.g.,Deluga,1994;Manogran&Conlon,1993;Settoon,Bennett,&Liden,1996;Wayne&Green,1993(Deluga&Perry,1994)LMX(Graen&Cashman,1975;Liden,Wayne,&Stilwell,1993)(Deluga&Perry,1994)(Dansereauetal.,1975;Liden&Graen,1980;Yukl,1998)(Graen&Cashman,1975)LMX(e.g.,Settoonetal.,1996)Organ19882.LMXSchriensheimCastro&Cogliser1999123LMX4LMX1LMXLMX2LMXLMXLMXLMXLMXLMX3LMX1.Coleman1990D.Putnam1993.Fukuyama1995Deutsch1958e.g.BergDickhaut&McCabe,1995;LaPortaetal.,1997,Knack&Keefer,1997;Zak&Knack,1998Peng1998Peng1998LMX51ChengB.S.FarhJ.L.Tsui,A.S.Wong,S.L.23199819992200212002120022000a2000b2000c2.Peng199812LMX634LMX19981999calculus-basedtrust1knowledge-basedtrustidentification-basedtrustMayerDavis&Schoorman19951Mayer1231HovlandJanis&kelley(1953)Deutsch(1960)Giffin(1967)()Boyle&Bonacich(1970)Kee&Knox(1970)11999knowledge-basedtrustLMX7Farris,Senner&Butterfield(1973)Jons,Jams&Bruni(1975)Rosen&Jerdee(1977)Frost,Stimpson&Maughan(1978)Gabarro(1978)Cook&Wall(1980)Lieberman(1981)Johnson-George&Swap(1982)Hart,Capps,Cangemi&Caillouet(1986)//Butler(1991)Ring&Vandeven(1992)Sitkin&Roth(1993)Morgan&Hunt(1994)MayerDavis&Schoorman(1995)LMX8LMX19991999guanxiloyaltycompetencebenevolenceintegrityMayer199519991999paternalisticLeadershipauthoritarianleadershipbenevolentleadership(moralLeadership)fearandrespectgratitudeidentification1999guanxiLMX96LMX19991LMXLMXLMXLMXGraenGraenetal.,1982LMXGraen1199961999LMX10LMXsupervisorleader-memberexchangeSLMXLMXSLMXLMXMLMXmemberleader-memberexchange2LMXSLMXMLXmember-leaderexchangeLMXMLXMLXLMXLMXLMXHold-up1LMX1LMXSLMXMLMXSLMXMLMX22(subordinate)1hold-upLMX11LMXSLMXMLMX3LMXSLMXMLMX4LMXSLMXMLMXSLMXMLMX7LMXKleinKim1998LMXLMX12LMXKleinHSLMXMLMXLSLMXMLMXSLMXMLMXSLMXMLMX7LMXHSLMXMLMXLMXLSLMXMLMXLMXLMX12KimLMX1eLMXLMXLMXLMXLMXLMXLMXLMXLMX1999LMXMLMXmemberleader-memberexchange,SLMXsupervisorleader-memberexchangeLMXLMX13LMX——MLXmember-leaderexchangeLMXLMX12341234----SLMXMLMXtwilcoxonLMX14LMXLMXLMXLMXLMXLMXLMXMLXLMXLMX15Bass,B.M.1985.Leadersipandperformneebeyondexpectations.NewYork:FreePress.Bass,B.M.1990.BassandStogdill’sHandbookofleadership(3rded.).NewYork:FreePress.Bauer,T.N;Green,S.G.1996.Developmentofleader-memberexchange:Alongitudinaltest.AcademyofManagementJournalVol.39.6:1538-1567.Berg,Jiyce,Dickhaut,JohnandMcCabeKevin.1995.Trust,ReciprocityandSocialHistory.GameandEconomicBehavior,Vol.10.Blau,P.M.1964.Exchangeandpowerinsociallife.NewYork:Wiley.1988BoonS.D.&Holmes,J.G.1991,TheDynamicsofInterpersonalTrust:ResolvingUncertaintyintheFaceofRisk.InR.A.Hinde&J.Groebel(Eds.),CooperationandProsocialBehavior(pp190-211).Cambridge,UK:CambridgeUniversityPress.Butler,J.K.1983.Reciprocityoftrustbetweenprofessionalsandtheirsecretaries.PsychologicalReports,53:411-416.Buunk,B.P.,Doosje,B.J.,Jans,L.G.,&Hopstaken,L.E.1993.Perceivedreciprocity,socialsupport,andstressatwork:Theroleofexchangeandcommunalorientation.JournalofPersonalityandSocialPsychology,65:801-811.Coleman,JamesS.1990.FoundationofSocialTheory,Cambridge,MA:HarvardUniversityPress.Dansereau,F.Jr.,Graen,G.,&Haga,W.J.1975.Averticaldyadlinkageapproachtoleadershipwithinformalorganizations-Alongitudinalinvestigationoftherolemakingprocess.OrganizationalBehaviorandHumanPerformance,13:46-78.Deluga,R.J.1994.Supervisortrustbuilding,leader-memberexchangeandorganizationalcitizenshipbehavior.JournalofOccupationalandOrganizationalPsychology,67:315-326.Deluga,R.J.1998.Leader-memberexchangequalityandeffectivenessratings:Theroleofsubordinate-supervisorconscientiousnesssimilarity,GroupandOrganizationManagement,Vol.23,No.2,pp.189-216.Deluga,R.J.,&Perry,J.T.1994.Theroleofsubordinateperformanceandingratiationinleader-memberexchanges.Group&OrganizationManagement19,67-86.DelVecchio.S.K.1998.Thequalityofsalesperson-managerrelationship:Theeffectoflatitude,loyaltyandcompetence.TheJournalofPersonalSelling&SalesManagement,Vol.18.1:LMX1631-47.Deutsch,M.1958.Trustandsuspicion.TheJournalofConflictResolution,2,265-279.DieneschM.&Liden,R.C.1986.Leadermemberexchangemodelofleadership:Acritiqueandfurtherdevelopment,AcademyofManagementReview,Vol.11,pp.618-634.Duchon,D.,Green,S.G.,&Taber,T.D.1986.Verticaldyadlinka