昂山素季:迟到21年的诺贝尔奖演讲YourMajesties,YourRoyalHighness,Excellencies,DistinguishedmembersoftheNorwegianNobelCommittee,DearFriends,国王和王后陛下,王子殿下,阁下们,挪威诺贝尔委员会卓越的委员们,亲爱的朋友们:Longyearsago,sometimesitseemsmanylivesago,IwasatOxfordlisteningtotheradioprogrammeDesertIslandDiscswithmyyoungsonAlexander.Itwasawell-knownprogramme(forallIknowitstillcontinues)onwhichfamouspeoplefromallwalksoflifewereinvitedtotalkabouttheeightdiscs,theonebookbesidethebibleandthecompleteworksofShakespeare,andtheoneluxuryitemtheywouldwishtohavewiththemweretheytobemaroonedonadesertisland.Attheendoftheprogramme,whichwehadbothenjoyed,AlexanderaskedmeifIthoughtImighteverbeinvitedtospeakonDesertIslandDiscs.“Whynot?”Irespondedlightly.Sinceheknewthatingeneralonlycelebritiestookpartintheprogrammeheproceededtoask,withgenuineinterest,forwhatreasonIthoughtImightbeinvited.Iconsideredthisforamomentandthenanswered:“PerhapsbecauseI’dhavewontheNobelPrizeforliterature,”andwebothlaughed.Theprospectseemedpleasantbuthardlyprobable.多年以前,有时候回想起来,好象是多生多世以前,我在牛津同我的儿子亚历山大一起收听广播节目《荒岛唱片》。那是个非常著名的节目(我觉得它现在应该还在广播吧),邀请各行各业的名人来谈谈,当你身处在荒岛时想携带一件什么东西,是哪八张唱片,是除了圣经和莎士比亚全集之外的哪本书,还是哪一件奢侈品?当节目结束的时候,亚历山大和我都听得很开心。亚历山大问我是不是可能会上这个节目,我随口答道:“为什么不会呢?”因为他知道只有名人才可以上这个节目,就很真心的问我,如果我被邀请的话,是因为什么理由呢。我想了一会然后答道:“可能是我会得诺贝尔文学奖吧。”然后我们都笑了。这个前景看起来美好,但确实不太可能。(IcannotnowrememberwhyIgavethatanswer,perhapsbecauseIhadrecentlyreadabookbyaNobelLaureateorperhapsbecausetheDesertIslandcelebrityofthatdayhadbeenafamouswriter。)(我现在记不起为什么我会说这么一个答案,可能是因为我那时候刚读了一本由诺贝尔文学奖得主写的书,或者是那天的名人正好是个著名作家。)In1989,whenmylatehusbandMichaelAriscametoseemeduringmyfirsttermofhousearrest,hetoldmethatafriend,JohnFinnis,hadnominatedmefortheNobelPeacePrize.ThistimealsoIlaughed.ForaninstantMichaellookedamazed,thenherealizedwhyIwasamused.TheNobelPeacePrize?Apleasantprospect,butquiteimprobable!SohowdidIfeelwhenIwasactuallyawardedtheNobelPrizeforPeace?ThequestionhasbeenputtomemanytimesandthisissurelythemostappropriateoccasiononwhichtoexaminewhattheNobelPrizemeanstomeandwhatpeacemeanstome.1989年,当我第一次被软禁时,我的亡夫迈克尔•阿里斯来看我,他告诉我有个朋友约翰•菲尼斯提名我为诺贝尔奖候选人。那时候我也笑了。迈克尔忽然觉得很惊讶,然后他也明白为什么我会笑了。诺贝尔奖?这个愿望是很美好,但确实不太可能。那当我真的获得诺贝尔和平奖之后是什么感觉呢?这个问题让我想了很多次,这确实是个合适的时机来审视,诺贝尔奖对我意味着什么,和平又意味着什么。AsIhavesaidrepeatedlyinmanyaninterview,IheardthenewsthatIhadbeenawardedtheNobelPeacePrizeontheradiooneevening.ItdidnotaltogethercomeasasurprisebecauseIhadbeenmentionedasoneofthefrontrunnersfortheprizeinanumberofbroadcastsduringthepreviousweek.Whiledraftingthislecture,Ihavetriedveryhardtorememberwhatmyimmediatereactiontotheannouncementoftheawardhadbeen.Ithink,Icannolongerbesure,itwassomethinglike:“Oh,sothey’vedecidedtogiveittome。”ItdidnotseemquiterealbecauseinasenseIdidnotfeelmyselftobequiterealatthattime.就像我在访谈中多次说过的,有天晚上我听收音机时,得知我获得了诺贝尔和平奖。这并不令人惊讶,因为在之前一周,其他好多广播都说我是最有希望获奖的人之一。当我准备这篇演讲时,我努力地试图回忆当我得知获奖之后的第一反应是什么。我想,我不敢确定,大概是像:“哦,他们把奖给我了。”那种感觉并不很真实,因为那段时间我自己都不像是个真实的存在了。OftenduringmydaysofhousearrestitfeltasthoughIwerenolongerapartoftherealworld.Therewasthehousewhichwasmyworld,therewastheworldofotherswhoalsowerenotfreebutwhoweretogetherinprisonasacommunity,andtherewastheworldofthefree;eachwasadifferentplanetpursuingitsownseparatecourseinanindifferentuniverse.WhattheNobelPeacePrizedidwastodrawmeonceagainintotheworldofotherhumanbeingsoutsidetheisolatedareainwhichIlived,torestoreasenseofrealitytome.Thisdidnothappeninstantly,ofcourse,butasthedaysandmonthswentbyandnewsofreactionstotheawardcameovertheairwaves,IbegantounderstandthesignificanceoftheNobelPrize.Ithadmademerealonceagain;ithaddrawnmebackintothewiderhumancommunity.Andwhatwasmoreimportant,theNobelPrizehaddrawntheattentionoftheworldtothestrugglefordemocracyandhumanrightsinBurma.Wewerenotgoingtobeforgotten.在我被软禁的期间,我常常感觉自己不是真实世界的一部分了。房子就是我的世界,那些同样不自由的人们也有他们的世界,他们在监狱里可以相互陪伴,那些自由的人们也有他们的世界;每个世界都像是个独立的星球,沿着各自的轨道在不同的孤独宇宙中默默运行。诺贝尔和平奖把我从孤立的世界拉回了和其他人一起的世界,让我重建起了现实感。当然这并不是突然发生的,而是花了几天,几个月,当各方对获奖的反应的新闻通过电波传到我这里时,我才开始理解诺贝尔奖的意义。它让我再次感到真实,把我拉回更广阔的人类社区。更重要的是,诺贝尔奖让全世界都关注缅甸的民主和人权运动,我们不会被忘记。的人类社区。更重要的是,诺贝尔奖让全世界都关注缅甸的民主和人权运动,我们不会被忘记。Tobeforgotten.TheFrenchsaythattopartistodiealittle.Tobeforgottentooistodiealittle.Itistolosesomeofthelinksthatanchorustotherestofhumanity.WhenImetBurmesemigrantworkersandrefugeesduringmyrecentvisittoThailand,manycriedout:“Don’tforgetus!”Theymeant:“don’tforgetourplight,don’tforgettodowhatyoucantohelpus,don’tforgetwealsobelongtoyourworld。”WhentheNobelCommitteeawardedthePeacePrizetometheywererecognizingthattheoppressedandtheisolatedinBurmawerealsoapartoftheworld,theywererecognizingtheonenessofhumanity.SoformereceivingtheNobelPeacePrizemeanspersonallyextendingmyconcernsfordemocracyandhumanrightsbeyondnationalborders.TheNobelPeacePrizeopenedupadoorinmyheart.法国人说,离别,就是一部分的死亡。其实遗忘也是一部分的死亡。遗忘削弱了把我们凝聚成人类的纽带。我最近访问泰国时会见了缅甸的移民工人和难民,许多人哭泣道:“不要忘了我们!”他们是说:“不要忘记我们的困苦处境,不要忘记做你能做的来帮助我们,不要忘记我们同样属于你的世界。”当诺贝尔奖委员会授予我这项奖项时,他们也把那些被压迫和被孤立的缅甸看作世界的一部分,他们意识到人类的同一性。所以接受诺贝尔和平奖,就对我个人来说,使我对民主与人权的关切超越了国界。诺贝尔和平奖打开了我心中的一扇门。TheBurmeseconceptofpeacecanbeexplainedasthehappinessarisingfromthecessationoffactorsthatmilitateagainsttheharmoniousandthewholesome.Thewordny