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湖北工业大学商贸学院毕业设计I摘要体温是人体健康的一个很重要的指标，体温过高或过低都是身体健康异常的信号。传统的测试体温方法，一般是用水银体温计测量体温，水银体温计测量固然十分准确，但是响应时间长，而且会造成环境的严重污染。随着科技的发展，单片机已经广泛的应用到了物理实验、医疗卫生、食品生产各个领域。本文设计一种基于单片机设计和实现的电子体温计。本设计分为硬件设计和软件设计两个部分，其中硬件设计部分主要包括温度采集电路、显示电路、报警电路，软件设计部分用KEIL作为编程软件，使用C语言进行编程。本设计采用传感器DS18B20采集人体的温度，经过模数转换后的电信号传输到51单片机，最后再传输到LCD液晶显示器显示。该电子体温计响应时间短，工作稳定，读数方便，测量精度高，当超过人体体温正常值是会发出蜂鸣警报声。并且其中不含汞，不会对环境造成污染，在家庭、医院等场合都能得到广泛应用。关键词：电子体温计51单片机DS18B20LCD湖北工业大学商贸学院毕业设计IIAbstractTemperatureisoneofthemostimportantindexesofhumanhealth,itistoohighortoolowsignalahealthexception.Temperaturemeasurementmethodoftraditional,isgenerallymeasuredbodytemperaturewithamercurythermometer,Mercurythermometertomeasureisveryaccurate,butthelongresponsetime,andwillcauseseriouspollutionoftheenvironment.Withthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology,MCUhasbeenwidelyappliedtophysicsexperiments,medicalandhealth,foodproductioninvariousfields.Thispaperdesignakindofelectronictemperaturemeterbasedon51singlechipmicrocomputer.Thedesignisdividedintotwoparts:hardwaredesignandsoftwaredesign,thehardwaredesignmainlyincludestemperatureacquisitioncircuit,displaycircuit,alarmcircuitandkeyboardcontrolcircuit,thepartofsoftwaredesignusesKEILasprogrammingsoftware,usingCprogramminglanguage.WithsensorDS18B20collectingtemperatureofhumanbody,afterittransferstotheanalogtodigitalconverter,theelectricalsignalwillbetransfertoa51singlechipmicrocomputer,thentransfertotheLCDliquidcrystaldisplay.Theelectronicthermometerwithshortresponsetime,stablework,convenientreading,highmeasuringaccuracy,whenmorethanthenormalhumanbodytemperature,itwillsoundabuzzeralarm.Andwhichdoesnotcontainmercury,harmlesstothehumanbodyandthesurroundingenvironment,particularlysuitableforfamilies,hospitalsandotheroccasions.Keyword:Electronicthermometer51singlechipmicrocomputerDS18B20LCD湖北工业大学商贸学院毕业设计III目录摘要.............................................................................................................................................IABSTRACT..................................................................................................................................II目录..........................................................................................................................................III引言.............................................................................................................................................11设计任务及方案分析...............................................................................................................21.1设计任务及要求...................................................................................................................21.2设计总体方案及方案论证...................................................................................................21.3体温测量的方案与分析.......................................................................................................21.3.1元件的选择..................................................................................................................21.3.2总体结构框图..............................................................................................................41.3.3测温流程图..................................................................................................................42主要元器件功能的介绍...........................................................................................................52.1单片机...................................................................................................................................52.1.1AT89C52芯片简介.......................................................................................................52.1.2AT89C52的引脚功能介绍...........................................................................................62.1.3AT89C52的特殊功能...................................................................................................82.1.4AT89C52的数据存储...................................................................................................82.1.5AT89C52的中断...........................................................................................................82.1.6AT89C52的两种工作模式...........................................................................................92.2温度传感器.........................................................................................................................102.2.1DS18B20简介............................................................................................................102.2.2DS18B20的引脚说明................................................................................................102.2.3DS18B20的测温原理................................................................................................112.2.4DS18B20的外形和内部结构....................................................................................112.2.5DS18B20的应用电路................................................................................................122.2.6使用DS18B20的注意事项......................................................................................132.3LCD