美国内战的英文ppt

（1861-1865）ReasonsofAmericaCivilWar:ThedisputebetweenthesouthandthenorthAbrahamLincolnwaselectedaspresidentThedebateoftheabolitionofslaveryThesouthVSthenorthWithAmericanterritorialexpansion,thefriction(矛盾）ofthenorthandthesouthbecamehairtrigger(一触即发的）.Asweallknow,theeconomicsystemofthenorthwascapitalisteconomicsystem,while,thesouthwasplantationeconomysystem(种植园经济体制）,whichmeantanunavoidablewar.(essentialreason)Atthesametime,thecapitalistcalledfortheabolitionofslavery,whilethesouthobjectedtoabolishingitinthattheyrequiredmorecheaplabour.1860,AbrahamLincolnwaselectedasAmericanpresident,Lincolnrepresentedinterestofthenortherncapitalists,sothiselectionannoyedthesouth.(thedirectcauseofwar)AfterDemocraticPartyfailedinelection,thesouthbegantopreparerebellionandfoundedtheConfederateStatesofAmerica(美利坚联盟国）;theRepublicanParty(共和党）,ledbyAbrahamLincoln,hadcampaingedaganisttherebellisonandfoundedUnitedStatesofAmerica(美利坚合众国）.Atthebeginningofcivilwar,theRepublicanPartywasatdisadvantage,asarusult,takingmeasurestoexpandfactionwasatthetopofagenda.So，presidentLincolndecidedtoabolishtheslaveryandcarriedoutlawssuchasTheEmancipationProclamation(解放黑人奴隶宣言）andHomesteadlaw（宅地法）1862.←TheEmancipationProclamationabolishedslaveryinsomeStatesofAmerica.Thedaytheygotfreedom!GettysburgAddress(葛底斯堡演说）byLincolnFourscoreandsevenyearsagoourfathersbroughtforthonthiscontinent,anewnation,conceivedinLiberty,anddedicatedtothepropositionthatallmenarecreatedequal.Nowweareengagedinagreatcivilwar,testingwhetherthatnation,oranynationsoconceivedandsodedicated,canlongendure.Wearemetonagreatbattle-fieldofthatwar.Wehavecometodedicateaportionofthatfield,asafinalrestingplaceforthosewhoheregavetheirlivesthatthatnationmightlive.Itisaltogetherfittingandproperthatweshoulddothis.BattleofGettysburg（葛底斯堡战役）,theturningpointofwar.washappenedin1863，ConfederateStatesofAmericadefeatedinthisbattle.BattleofGettysburg'sdetails(thenorthＰＫthesouth)Leaders:RobertLeePKGeneralGrantThetotalsoliders:75000PK85000Thedeathtoll:18399VS9000Result:ConfederateStatesofAmericawasloser,UnitedStatesofAmericawon.Oh,Captain!MyCaptain!WaltWhitmanOhCaptain!myCaptain!ourfearfultripisdone;Theshiphasweather'deveryrack,theprizewesoughtiswon;Theportisnear,thebellsIhear,thepeopleallexulting,Whilefolloweyesthesteadykeel,thevesselgrimanddaring:ButOhheart!heart!heart!Ohthebleedingdropsofred,WhereonthedeckmyCaptainlies,Fallencoldanddead.Guessit!AbrahamLincoln(1809—1865)1809.2.12,birthday1832(23yearsold),hisstateparliamentseat，Inthesameyear(23yearsold),lost.1834(25years),againforthestate,thiswon1838(29years),thestate'sbidtobecomethespokesman--withoutsuccess1840(31yearsold)andstrivetobeelectors--lost1843(34years),toparticipateinparliamentaryelections--alsounsuccessful1846(37years),toparticipateintheCongresselectionagain--thistimeelected1860(51yearsold),waselectedU.S.historyone.April15,1865，aftercivilwar,wasshootbyJohnWilkesBooth(anactor)inthetheatre.InUSCivilWarperiod,PresidentLincolnmadebigscontributionstomaintenancecountryunification,hehelpedfoundingandleadtheRepublicanParty.LincolnrefusedtorecognizetheConfederacyandmadeithisfirstprioritytoreunitethenation.Todothathehadtooverthrowslaveryaswell,whichhedidthroughtheEmacipationProclamationandtheThirteenthAmendment.HetookpersonalchargeofReconstruction,seekingtospeedilyre-unitethenation.HewasopposedbytheRadicalRepublicanswhoadvocatedmuchharsherpolicies.Lincoln'sassassinationasthewarendedmadehimamartyrandiconofAmericannationalism.RobertEdwardLee（1807--1870）-----thecommander-in-chiefofthesouthPlaceofbirth：Stratford,VirginiaPlaceofdeath：Lexington,VirginiaYearsofservice：1829~1861Rank：Colonel上校(USA)General将军(CSA)Commandsheld：ArmyofNorthernVirginiaBattles/Wars：Mexican-AmericanWarandAmericanCivilWarEarlyLifeandCareerbornin1807inVirginiathefifthchildofHenryLeefatherdiedwhenhewas11enteredtheUnitedStatesMilitaryAcademy(陆军军官学校)in1825firstyeartherankofsergeantgraduatedin1829Mexican-AmericanWar(1846-1848)TheresultofcivilwarConfederateresistancecollapsedafterLeesurrenderedtoGrantatAppomattoxCourtHouseonApril9,1865，theUnitedStatesofAmericawoninthewar,andthecountrywasunited.TheSignificancesoftheCivilWar(Ⅰ)Theeconomicsignificance:Itwipedoutaremnantofthefeudaltimes,whichsetbacktheeconomyofcapitalismdeveloped.Second,modernsystemofagriculturalcapitalismwassetup.Third,thenorthstruggledagainstsouthernplantationeconomy;Fourth,theHomesteadActannouncedin1862mademanypoorpeoplecouldgettheirownland.Theseactionswereverymeaningfultothepoorpeoplethen.Meanwhile,encouragedpeoplefightwiththesouth.Whatisthemostimportantisboostingthecapitalisteconomydevelopment.First,themostobviousisthewarsafeguardnationalunityandethnicsolidarity.Second,freedtheblackslavesencouragedAmerican’sdemocracy.Comparedwithbefore,theyhavemuchmorerightsandfreedom.(Ⅱ)ThepoliticalsignificanceSignificanceofthementalandcultureThespiritsabouthonest,brave,adamancy,responsibilityandsenseofdutyandhonorhavegreateffectonAmericanpeopleeversince.Meanwhile,asaverycomplexandimportantmodernwar,itofferedsubjectforthelaterliterature.It