不规则动词过去式及过去分词

规则动词过去式的构成构成规则例词1、一般在动词原形末尾加–edlooklookedplayplayedstartstarted2、结尾是e的动词加--dlivelivedhopehopeduseused3、末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词，先双写这个辅音字母，再加—edstopstoppedplanplannedtriptripped4、结尾是“辅音字母+y”的动词,先变“y”为“i”再加—edstudystudiedcarrycarried轻读/t/,重读/d/;/t//d/之后读/id/规则动词-ed的读音说明：1、清念/t/，即ed在清辅音后面念/t/,例：finishedhelpedpassedcooked2、元浊/d/,即ed在元音，浊辅音后面念/d/,例：borrowedenjoyedcalledmoved3、/t//d/之后念/id/,即ed在/t//d/音后面念/id/例：wantedshoutedneededcounted不规则动词过去式和过去分词1.A------A------A型(原形.过去式.过去分词同形).costcostcosthithithitcutcutcutputputputletletletsetsetsetshutshutshuthurthurthurtreadreadread花费打使处于放让剪切关闭伤害阅读1.A---------A---------A型(原形.过去式.过去分词相同).broadcastbroadcastbroadcast广播burstburstburst爆发castcastcast撒,扔,抛splitsplitsplit撕开spreadspreadspread展开2.A---------B-----------A型（现在式和过去分词同形）comecamecome来becomebecamebecome成为overcomeovercameovercome克服runranrun跑3.A-------A----------B型（现在式和过去式同形）beatbeatbeaten打4.A------B------B型(过去式和过去分词同形).(1)单词末尾的字母-d改为-t。如：bendbentbent使弯曲buildbuiltbuilt建筑，造lendlentlent借出sendsentsent送，寄spendspentspent花费，度过4.A-------B--------B型(过去式和过去分词同形).(2)原形后加一个字母t。burnburntburnt燃烧/burned/burneddreamdreamtdreamt做梦/dreamed/dreamedlearnlearntlearnt学习/learned/learnedmeanmeantmeant意思是4.A--------B---------B型(过去式和过去分词同形).(3)原形最后一个字母改为t。如：loselostlost失去,丢失smellsmeltsmelt闻到/smelled/smelledspellspeltspelt拼写/spelled/spelled4.A--------B---------B型(过去式和过去分词同形).(4)原形中的双e变单e。如：bleedbledbled流血feedfedfed喂,饲养meetmetmet遇见speedspedsped快速前进/speeded/speeded4.A--------B---------B型(过去式和过去分词同形).(5)原形中的ee去掉一个字母e,然后在词尾加t。feelfeltfelt觉得，触摸keepkeptkept保持，保存sleepsleptslept睡觉sweepsweptswept扫,扫除weepweptwept哭泣,流泪4.A--------B---------B型(过去式和过去分词同形).(6)过去式和过去分词都以aught结尾的动词。catchcaughtcaught抓住，赶上teachtaughttaught教注意：原形中有字母a的为aught4.A--------B---------B型(过去式和过去分词同形).(7)过去式和过去分词都以ought结尾的动词。如：bringbroughtbrought带来buyboughtbought买fightfoughtfought打架seeksoughtsought探寻thinkthoughtthought想,认为注意：原形中没有a字母的改为-ought4.A--------B---------B型(过去式和过去分词同形).(8)-ay-aid-aidpaypaidpaid付钱saysaidsaid说，讲laylaidlaid放置，下蛋注意区别lieliedlied说谎lielaylain躺下,位于laylaidlaid放置，下蛋4.A--------B---------B型(过去式和过去分词同形).(9)原形中的字母i改为o。winwonwon赢，胜利shineshoneshone照耀,发光/shined/shined4.A--------B---------B型(过去式和过去分词同形).(10)原形中的字母i改为a。sitsatsat坐spitspatspat吐痰4.A--------B---------B型(过去式和过去分词同形).(11)原形中的an变为oo。standstoodstood站,忍受understandunderstoodunderstood明白misunderstandmisunderstoodmisunderstood误会4.A--------B---------B型(过去式和过去分词同形).(12)-ell-oldsellsoldsold卖,出售telltoldtold告诉retellretoldretold复述,重讲4.A--------B---------B型(过去式和过去分词同形).(13)原形中间的元音字母变成u。digdugdug挖，掘stickstuckstuck粘住,坚持swingswungswung摆动,舞动,hanghunghung悬挂区别：hanghangedhanged吊死4.A--------B---------B型(过去式和过去分词同形).(14)其他的变化形式。findfoundfound发现fleefledfled逃跑getgotgot得到,到达havehadhad有,吃hearheardheard听见holdheldheld握住,举行leadledled带领4.A--------B---------B型(过去式和过去分词同形).(14)其他的变化形式。leaveleftleft离开，遗留lightlit/lightedlit/lighted点燃,点亮makemademade制造，使shootshotshot射击,发射slideslidslid滑行,滑动strikestruckstruck/stricken侵袭windwoundwound蜿蜒,弯曲5.A--------B---------c型(原型，过去式和过去分词各不相同).(1)iaubeginbeganbegun开始，着手drinkdrankdrunk喝，饮ringrangrung响铃,打电话singsangsung唱歌sinksanksunk下沉，消沉swimswamswum游泳5.A--------B---------c型(原型，过去式和过去分词各不相同).(2)-ow-ew-ownblowblewblown吹,刮风growgrewgrown成长,种植knowknewknown知道,认识throwthrewthrown投,扔drawdrewdrawn绘画，拖为便于记忆：flyflewflown飞,飘5.A--------B---------c型(原型，过去式和过去分词各不相同).(3)-ear-ore-ornbearboreborn/borne生育,忍受teartoretorn撕开wearworeworn穿,戴5.A--------B---------c型(原型，过去式和过去分词各不相同).(4)过去分词是在原形词尾加-n或-enarisearosearisen升起,出现riseroserisen上升,上涨bewas/werebeen是drivedrovedriven驾驶,驱赶givegavegiven给,付出forgiveforgaveforgiven原谅eatateeaten吃(4)过去分词是在原形词尾加-n或-enfallfellfallen落下，倒seesawseen看见forseeforsawforseen预见shaveshavedshaven/shaved刮showshowedshown/showed显示sowsowedsown/sowed播种sewsewedsewn/sewed缝补taketooktaken拿走,花费mistakemistookmistaken弄错shakeshookshaken动摇5.A--------B---------c型(原型，过去式和过去分词各不相同).(4)特殊形式：bitebitbitten咬，叮forbidforbadeforbidden禁止hidehidhidden隐藏,躲藏rideroderidden骑，乘车writewrotewritten写，著述rewriterewroterewritten重写5.A--------B---------c型(原型，过去式和过去分词各不相同).(5)过去分词是在过去式后面-n或-en。awakeawokeawoken唤醒wakewokewoken唤醒，醒来breakbrokebroken打破speakspokespoken说,发言choosechosechosen选择freezefrozefrozen结冰forgetforgotforgotten忘记stealstolestolen偷盗，窃取5.A--------B---------c型(原型，过去式和过去分词各不相同).(6)其他变化形式的动词。dodiddone做，干gowentgone去，到达lielaylain躺,位于6、情态动词(没有过去分词)cancould∕能maymight∕也许must∕∕必须shallshould∕将要willwould∕会