英语简单句的五种基本句型MissZeng英语句子成分有哪些?主语,谓语,宾语,定语,状语,补语,同位语。句子成分划分口诀:主谓宾,定状补,主干枝叶分清楚;主干成分主谓宾,枝叶成分定状补英语句子分类1:按用途可以分为:①:陈述句(肯定和否定)②:疑问句(一般,特殊,选择和反义)③:祈使句④:感叹句2:按结构可以分为:①:简单句:由一个主语(或并列主语)和一个谓语(或并列谓语)构成的句子.②:并列句:由并列连词and,but,or等或分号(;)把两个或两个以上的简单句连起来的句子.eg:IcomefromChinaandhecomesfromJapan.③:复合句:含有一个或一个以上从句的句子。复合句包含:名词性从句(主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句和同位语从句),定语从句和状语从句等英语简单句的五种基本句型:基本句型一:(主+谓)基本句型二:(主+系+表)基本句型三:(主+谓+宾)基本句型四:(主+谓+间宾+直宾)基本句型五:(主+谓+宾+宾补)基本句型一S+V(主+谓)s=subjetv=verb•此句型的句子有一个共同特点,即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。•这类动词叫做不及物动词,后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等,但不能直接加宾语。•Hedrivesfast.•Yougoout.主语谓语(不及物动词)1.Time2.Class3.Theman4.Weall5.Everybody6.I7.Thesun8.Doesitflies.begins!.doesn’tsmoke.laughed.hasarrived.amcrying.rises.hurt?小试身手1:鸟会飞翔。Birdscanfly.2:她的宝宝在哭。Herbabyiscrying.3:太阳正在落山。Thesunissetting.4:你唱得很动听。Yousingbeautifully.5:昨天发生了一起事故。Anaccidenthappenedyesterday.•常用的不及物动词(vi.)run,swim,jump,rise,laugh,happen,fly,come,go等。基本句型二S+V+P(主+系+表)p=predicate此句型的句子谓语动词不能表达一个完整的意思,必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语,才能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做连系动词。主语系动词表语1.This2.Thedinner3.He4.Everything5.He6.Thebooks7.Theweather8.Hisfaceissmellsfeelslooksisarebecomesturnedadictionary.delicious.happy.different.tallandstrong.interesting.warmer.red.系动词的分类①:be本身没有什么意义,只起连系主语和表语的作用(有时候可以翻译成:是)eg:Thebabyisverycute.②:感官系动词:look,feel,smell,taste,sound等③:变化类系动词:get,grow,become,turn,go等eg:Thedaysgetlongerinspring.④:状态延续类系动词:stay,keep,remain等eg:pleasekeepsilent.小试身手1:下课了。Classisover.2:他看上去很累。Helooksverytired.3:你的汤味道很好。Yoursouptastesverygood.4:我现在在工作。Iamatworknow.5:我们的学校变得越来越大。Ourschoolbecamelargerandlarger.6:我的工作是教英语。MyjobisteachingEnglish.基本句型三S+V+O(主+谓+宾)o=object此句型句子的共同特点是谓语动词都具有实义,都是主语产生的动作,但不能表达完整的意思,必须跟有一个宾语,即动作的承受者,才能使意思完整。这类动词叫做及物动词。主语谓语(及物动词)宾语1.Who2.She3.He4.I5.They6.Danny7.I8.Heknowswantsunderstandswillintroduceatefinisheddon'tknowsaidtheanswer?togotoschool.English.myself.someapples.readingthenovel.whyhewaslate.Goodmorning.小试身手1:我喜欢英语。IlikeEnglish.2:汤姆不喜欢下象棋。Tomdoesn'tlikeplayingchess.3:明天我想去钓鱼。Iwanttogofishingtomorrow.4:他忘记早上打了电话给我。Heforgotcallingmethismorning.5:我今天早上交了家庭作业。Ihandedinmyhomeworkthismorning.注意:不及物动词(vi.)+介词=及物动词(vt.)基本句型四S+V+Ino+Do(主+谓+间宾+直宾)Ino=indirectobjectDo=directobject此句型的句子谓语动词必须跟有两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。这两个宾一个是动作的直接承受者(直宾,物),另一个是动作的间接承受者(间宾,人)。通常指人的宾语用一个介词(to或for)来连接,当指人的宾语在指物的宾语之前时,这一介词往往被省略。SV(及物)InO(多指人)DO(多指物)1.She2.She3.He4.He5.I6.I7.I8.Hepassedteachesbroughtboughtshowedgavetoldshowedhimushissonyouherhimhimmeanewdress.English.adictionary.nothing.mypictures.ahand.howtorunthemachine.thatthebuswaslate.主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语S+V+(sb)+(sth)Myfriendlentmethisbooklastweek.=Myfriendlentthisbooktomelastweek.我会给你做个蛋糕Iwillmakeyouacake.=Iwillmakeacake_____youfortofortake,give,bring,lend,offer,pass,send,show,等buy,cook,fetch,get,make,do等1:我去给你沏点新鲜茶。I’llmakeyousomefreshtea./I'llmakesomefreshteaforyou.2:请帮我去把今天的报纸拿来。Pleasefetchmetoday’spaper./Pleasefetchtoday’spaperforme.3:我姑姑给了我一个手表。Myauntgavemeawatch./Myauntgaveawatchtome.4:我昨天发了一封电子邮件给你.Isentyouane-mailyesterday./Isentane-mailtoyouyesterdy.基本句型五S+V+O+C(主+谓+宾+宾补)c=complement此句型的句子特点是:动词虽然是及物动词,但是一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思,须加上一个补充成分来对宾语的细节、状态进行补充说明,才能使句意完整。主语谓语(及物)宾语宾补1.We2.They3.They4.They5.She6.We7.He8.Ikeeppaintedcallfoundmakessawaskedsawthetablethedoorhimthehousehimhimmethemclean.green.Bob.dirty.happy.goout.togo.leaving.常用的带复合宾语的动词1:call,name(命名),think,find,keep,paint等①:一些人叫我秀秀SomepeoplecallmeXiuxiu.②:老师们认为他是个好学生。Teachersthinkhimagoodstudent.③:请让孩子们安静点。Pleasekeepthechildrenquiet.2:感官动词:see,hear,notice,watch等①:我看到他去了超市。Isawhimgotothesupermarket.②:我看到他上课正在看小说。Isawhimreadinganovelinclass.3:使役动词:let,make,have,get等如:我们的英语老师叫我们每天都要做英语作业。OurEnglishteacherlets/has/makesusdotheEnglishhomeworkeveryday.OurEnglishteachergetsustodotheEnglishhomeworkeveryday.4:ask,tellwant等动词后+宾语+todosth(作宾语补足语)①:我父母叫我要好好读书。Myparentsaskmetostudyhard.②:我想要你帮我个忙。Iwantyoutogivemeahand.判断下列句子是哪种句型:1.Theyworkhard.主谓2.Theflowerisdead.主系表3.Plantsneedwater.主谓宾4.Hegivesmesomeseeds.主谓间宾直宾5.Weshouldkeeptheplantsintheshade.主谓宾宾补6.Manyanimalsliveintrees.主谓7.Thecaketastesdelicious.主系表8.Classesbeginateighteveryday.主谓9.Theyhaven'tdecidedwheretogonext.主谓宾10.Jimcannotdresshimself.主谓宾11.MrJohnsontaughtusGermanlastyear.主谓间宾直宾12.Goodfoodkeepsyouhealthy.主谓宾宾补ThanksBoysandgirls!